Innovation | December 26, 2023

Seven Scientific Discoveries From 2023 That Could Lead to New Inventions

Biologists learned lots about animals and plants this year, and their findings could inspire better robots, medicine and environmental technologies

a monarch butterfly on small purple flowers

Carlyn Kranking

Assistant Editor, Science and Innovation

When brainstorming ways to improve human life, inventors often look to nature. Animals and plants, which evolved over millennia to thrive in their environments, provide an excellent blueprint for innovation.

This year, for example, scientists from China and Switzerland debuted a drug-delivery patch that resembles the suckers of an octopus . The suction cup-shaped device adheres to the inside of a patient’s cheek and infuses medicine orally, with no needle required. And inspired by the squishy sea cucumber, engineers developed a magnetic, shape-shifting robot that can liquefy when heated and re-form as it cools. One day, the invention could have medical applications, such as removing harmful items from a patient’s stomach; it might also help assemble hard-to-reach circuits or act as a universal screw.

But before any of these inventions could come to be, scientists first had to learn something about the natural world. In 2023, researchers described proteins in caterpillar venom, aerodynamic patterns on monarch butterflies and reflective materials in crustaceans’ eyes that could hold lessons for engineers. These breakthroughs of today could inspire the technology of tomorrow.

Here are seven scientific discoveries from this year that could lead to new inventions.

Asp caterpillar venom punches holes in cell walls

a thick, furry caterpillar on a leaf atop a tissue

Though furry asp caterpillars might look like harmless, walking toupees , you should resist any urge to reach out and pet one. Beneath their soft exteriors, asp caterpillars hide a menacing network of venom-filled spines. Though the larval moths grow little more than an inch long , their sting can put an adult human in the hospital . This year, scientists analyzed how their powerful toxin works.

It turns out, asp caterpillar venom contains an unusual, shape-shifting protein , according to a study published in July in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences . When the toxin reaches the outer surface of a cell, this protein forms into a doughnut-like shape, then punches a hole through the cell wall.

Toxins made by bacteria such as E. coli and Salmonella enter cells in a similar manner. So the scientists suggest that some kind of bacteria inserted its genes into an asp caterpillar’s DNA long ago. Then, once the caterpillar grew into an adult moth, it passed these genes on to its offspring.

By mimicking the hole-punching nature of the caterpillar’s proteins, engineers could develop medicine delivery strategies that “get drugs inside cells where they need to work,” study co-author Andrew Walker , a molecular bioscientist at the University of Queensland in Australia, told the Australian Broadcasting Corporation ’s Antonia O’Flaherty. “We might be able to engineer these kinds of toxins to target cancer cells or to target pathogens while leaving human cells alone.”

That work could take at least one or two decades. But this area of research could mean that one day, the asp caterpillar’s venom could bring not only pain but relief.

Hibernating bears do not get blood clots

a brown bear with three cubs

From long airplane rides to bed rest after surgery, extended sedentary periods can bend veins, leading blood to pool and increasing the risk for clotting, or deep vein thrombosis . But hibernating bears lie largely still for months on end—and these masters of inactivity do not get blood clots.

To find out how they do it, scientists tracked down brown bears in Sweden during the winter and summer months. They tranquilized the hulking creatures and took blood samples at both times of year. In a makeshift lab in the field, they discovered one protein showed a significant seasonal change: Called HSP47, it was present in high levels during the summers but nearly nonexistent during hibernation, per a paper published in Science in April.

Based on past research, the scientists understood that HSP47 was involved in helping platelets bind to white blood cells to fight infections. So, by decreasing levels of the protein during hibernation, it seemed like the bears were establishing a safeguard against blood clots.

Informed by what they’d seen in bears, the team turned to human subjects. They measured levels of HSP47 in people with spinal cord injuries, who remain sedentary for long periods of time but do not struggle with thrombosis. Sure enough, their levels of HSP47 were lower than average. And when the researchers had ten volunteers spend 27 days on bed rest, they observed a drop in this clot-producing protein over that time.

Understanding HSP47 could have medical implications. It might help doctors determine who is at an increased risk for thrombosis. Or it could provide avenues for preventive treatment in cancer patients and those recovering from surgery, who would be more likely to develop blood clots.

“The ideal treatment for deep vein thrombosis would prevent blood clots from forming where they aren’t supposed to, while not preventing your body’s normal blood clotting machinery,” Kim Martinod , a biomedical scientist at KU Leuven in Belgium, said to Science ’s Elizabeth Pennisi. “This has the potential to be just that.”

Some crustaceans have shiny eyes that help them hide from predators

six transparent-looking shrimp larvae

To survive in the ocean, lots of creatures opt for camouflage. But some take it to another level: Ghostly animals essentially hide from the light itself, with transparent bodies that all but disappear from view. Glass squid use this strategy, along with larval forms of several fish , but it has one pitfall. The creatures’ eyes reflect light, creating a bit of shine that can give away their location to a predator. Transparent eyes simply wouldn’t function since certain dark pigments are essential for vision.

Some shrimp and prawn larvae, however, have evolved a way around this shortcoming. Their eyes are covered with a sheet of light-manipulating glass that effectively matches their eyeshine to the color of surrounding water. In this way, the tiny crustaceans can become invisible.

In a paper published in Science in February, researchers examined the complex material that forms this eye-shielding glass. It’s actually composed of tiny spheres, each just billionths of a meter wide, made of a substance called isoxanthopterin.

These spheres, which reflect light like miniature disco balls, form a disorganized array with gaps in between them, so the crustaceans can still see. The glassy shield can reflect different colors of light—from deep blue to yellow green—based on the animal’s camouflage needs. In lab experiments , prawns exposed to hours of sunlight had yellow reflective eyes, but those left in the dark overnight instead reflected green. Interestingly, the size and arrangement of the spheres controlled the color of light they reflected, and that color was consistent across all viewing angles.

With further research on these little spheres, researchers could uncover ways to improve light-manipulating technologies in solar panels, remote sensing and communications, according to a perspective accompanying the paper.

“There is currently a great interest in finding organic, biocompatible, high-refractive-index materials as replacements for inorganic materials in pigments, cosmetics and other optical materials,” Benjamin Palmer , a co-author of the study and a chemist at Ben-Gurion University of the Negev in Israel, told New Scientist ’s Alice Klein.

Or, because the tiny glass spheres create a uniform color, the structures could inspire environmentally friendly paints or even nail polish .

Monarch butterflies get extra lift from spots on their wings

a monarch butterfly on small purple flowers

The monarch butterfly’s death-defying migration is in a class of its own. No other butterfly species is known to complete a two-way trip, heading south for the winter then returning north as temperatures warm, like birds do. The insects might cover 100 miles in a single day , clocking a total distance of up to 3,000 miles before they reach their final destinations. To save energy, they’ll often ride on air currents. And, according to a study published in PLOS One in June, the butterflies’ wing patterns might also give them a boost .

As monarchs fly, the patchwork of dark and light colors on the edges of their wings creates an uneven pattern of heating and cooling, per the study. With the dark areas slightly warmer and the white parts slightly cooler, tiny, swirling pockets of air can form around the spots. These eddies may provide some extra lift for the insects and reduce drag on their wings by shifting how air flows past the butterfly.

Comparing spot size across monarchs and other species supported this idea. Butterflies that didn’t migrate had smaller white spots than monarchs, as did certain nonmigratory monarchs, which belong to generations born in the summer that don’t survive to see migration time in the fall.

Mimicking the monarchs’ white spots could help engineers create more efficient drones, the researchers say.

“Your drone would be able to carry more, because this coloration helps them gain extra lift,” co-author Mostafa Hassanalian , a mechanical engineer at New Mexico Tech who has created drones from taxidermy birds , said to Popular Science ’s Zayna Syed.

The research shows that even subtle changes in coloration can make a big difference. Successful butterflies that made it to Mexico had white spots that were larger by just 3 percent, compared with the ones that ended their migratory journeys in the southern United States. Though this number may seem low, it can hold major consequences for the monarchs, co-author Andy Davis , an animal ecologist at the University of Georgia, told National Geographic ’s Jason Bittel. “That could be the difference between life and death during the migration,” he said.

Desert plant pulls moisture from the air with special salts

spindly leaves of an athel tamarisk plant with drops of water against an orange sky

When it comes to eking out a living without much water, desert-dwelling organisms are the masters of innovation. Some animals, such as the Gila monster , have become adept at storing water within their bodies. And plants can grow deep-reaching roots to get a drink from far underground.

But one dry-adapted plant turns to another source to gain moisture: the air. Spindly shrubs called athel tamarisks draw salty water from the soil and excrete the salt from their leaves. Then, at night, these crystals allow them to collect water from the air , according to a paper published in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences in October.

Scientists snipped a branch from the athel tamarisk and brought it back to their lab. They placed it in an environmentally controlled chamber meant to mimic desert conditions: 95 degrees Fahrenheit and 80 percent humidity. After two hours, the branch, with the salt crystals on its leaves, had gained 15 milligrams of water. When they tested the same branch without its salt, it collected only 1.6 milligrams.

The team examined the salt’s components and found it contained at least ten different materials, which together allowed it to pull water from the air, even at relatively low humidities of 55 percent. One of these components was lithium sulfate, which could gather water at the lowest humidities.

These salts, being naturally produced by the plant, are likely to be environmentally safe, the authors write. Identifying them could help engineers improve practices for pulling moisture from the air in water-strapped regions. Cloud-seeding, a process that adds crystals to clouds to prompt them to create rain, is already used in nations such as the United Arab Emirates to fight dry conditions and in Pakistan to mitigate smog .

“This holds the promise of revolutionizing cloud-seeding practices by rendering them more effective and environmentally friendly, while also aligning with our responsibility to use the planet’s scarce water resources wisely,” Marieh Al-Handawi , a chemist at New York University Abu Dhabi and lead author of the study, said in a statement .

Bugs called sharpshooters fling their pee to save energy

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Tiny insects called sharpshooters drink up to 300 times their own body weight each day. They exclusively ingest xylem sap from plants—a low-energy substance that’s 99 percent water—so they have to get rid of plenty of excess liquid. As a result, the bugs urinate almost constantly.

But the way that happens is surprising: A sharpshooter creates a droplet of urine on top of a flexible appendage called an anal stylus. The stylus rotates along a hinge, then catapults the pee away from the bug at a high speed .

In a study published in Nature Communications in February, scientists found that, oddly enough, the drops of pee moved through the air 40 percent faster than the stylus did. This feat, in which a projectile flies more quickly than its launching device, is called “superpropulsion.”

Through slow-motion video and microscopy, the researchers found a sharpshooter used its stylus to compress the droplet, creating surface tension that stores energy until the drop is released at the proper moment—kind of like how a diver times their jump with a bounce of the board to gain extra lift.

To scientists, this ability is fascinating, as it sets sharpshooters apart from all other animals: No other species has been documented to achieve superpropulsion.

But to the bugs, this odd tactic has a more practical benefit. By flinging droplets instead of producing a pee stream, sharpshooters save energy—pelting pee is actually four to eight times more efficient than the alternative, the researchers found.

Engineers could take a hint from sharpshooters—the mechanisms used by the bugs could lead to better ways to remove water from electronic devices; for example, a smartwatch that can eject liquid through speaker vibrations. Perhaps superpropulsion could inspire technologies that defog the surfaces of goggles or glasses by vibrating them, as well.

Bowhead whales can repair their DNA, and in doing so, increase their cancer resistance

overhead view of two bowhead whales swimming amid ice

In the animal kingdom, the rate of cancer is mysterious: As a matter of statistics, larger animals, which have more cells in total, should get cancer more frequently than smaller ones. But looking at elephants and whales, that isn’t the case—respectively, these massive creatures have roughly 100 and 1,000 times the number of cells humans do, but their rates of cancer are much lower.

This inconsistency, called Peto’s paradox, has long puzzled scientists. Past research revealed a gene in elephants that seems to suppress tumors, hinting at an answer to the problem. This year, scientists found two proteins in bowhead whales that could be linked to DNA repair, increasing the animals’ cancer resistance, according to a preprint paper published in bioRxiv in May.

Bowhead whales are the longest-lived mammals on Earth , with a life span that can exceed 200 years. The research suggests the whales’ ability to repair DNA might be one of the keys to their longevity.

In the study, researchers severed both strands of the DNA molecule in cells from humans, cows, mice and bowhead whales. This kind of damage, called a “double-strand break,” is known to increase cancer risk. More than two times as many bowhead whale cells were able to repair their DNA, compared with the cells of any other species. And the whale cells did a much better job at fixing the DNA accurately—the human, cow and mouse cells were often sloppy with repairs, making incorrect additions or deletions to the DNA sequence. Such mistakes can also raise the risk of cancer.

The team found that proteins called CIRBP and RPA2 were much more common in bowhead whales and played a role in this gene repair. Perhaps, scientists say, regulating such proteins in humans could mitigate damage to DNA .

“We probably have the solution to cancer medicine out there in nature already,” Orsolya Vincze , an evolutionary ecologist at the French National Center for Scientific Research who was not involved in the study, told Science News ’ Meghan Rosen. “We just have to find it.”

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Carlyn Kranking | | READ MORE

Carlyn Kranking is the assistant web editor for science and innovation.

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Top scientific breakthroughs and emerging trends for 2023

CAS Science Team

January 31, 2023

Breakthroughs-1920x1080

*Updated in January 2024*: 

While the article below was created at the end of 2022, it still has critical insight and emerging trends for the future of scientific R&D.  For the latest trends and breakthroughs, the scientists and experts at CAS recently published a new review on the landscape of scientific trends to watch in 2024: from AI, to emerging materials, our on-going battle against the undruggable proteins, sustainability trends, and more. Additionally, CAS teamed up with experts from  Lawrence Livermore National Lab ,  Oak Ridge National Lab , and  The Ohio State University , to reveal the top trends to watch in the year ahead.  If you weren't able to join us for the webinar, see the recording here  for the expert's take on the year ahead.  

As published in 2022:

The pace of innovation never slows, and the impact of these scientific breakthroughs will redefine the way we live, work, and connect with the world around us. From space exploration at the largest scale to diagnostics at the single-cell level, these breakthroughs will inspire innovators to push the boundaries of what is possible. 

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A new era of space exploration

New Era of Space Exploration

Need to be reminded of how incredibly vast our universe is? The first ever photos from the James Webb Space Telescope are awe-inspiring. While this is the most technically advanced and powerful telescope ever created, the learnings about our universe will lead to future missions and exploration for generations ahead. Recently, the newest mission to the moon was launched as NASA’s Artemis Program which will pave the way for a future mission to Mars. This new era of space exploration will drive technological advancements in fields beyond astronautics and stimulate progress in real-world applications like materials, food science , agriculture, and even cosmetics.

A milestone in AI predictions

A Milestone in AI predictions

For decades, the scientific community has chased a greater understanding of relationships between protein functions and 3D structures. In July 2022, Deep Mind revealed that the folded 3D structure of a protein molecule can be predicted from its linear amino-acid sequence using AlphaFold2 , RoseTTAFold , and trRosettaX-Single algorithms. The algorithms’ predictions reduced the number of human proteins with unknown structural data from 4,800 to just 29. While there will always be challenges with AI, the ability to predict protein structures has implications across all life sciences. Key challenges in the future include modeling proteins with intrinsic disordered properties and those that change structures by post-translational modifications or to environmental conditions. Beyond protein modeling, AI advancements continue to reshape workflows and expand discovery capabilities across many industries and disciplines .

Developing trends in synthetic biology

Developing trends in synthetic biology

Synthetic biology has the potential to redefine synthetic pathways by using engineered biological systems (i.e., microorganisms, for which a large part of the genome or the entire genome has been designed or engineered) to manufacture a range of biomolecules and materials, such as therapeutics, flavors, fabrics, food, and fuels. For example, insulin could be produced without pig pancreas, leather without cows, and spider silk without spiders. The potential in life sciences alone is unbelievable, but when applied to manufacturing industries, synthetic biology could minimize future supply chain challenges, increase efficiency, and create new opportunities for biopolymers or alternative materials with more sustainable approaches. Today, teams use AI-based metabolic modeling, CRISPR tools, and synthetic genetic circuits to control metabolism, manipulate gene expression, and build pathways for bioproduction. As this discipline begins to cross over into multiple industries, the latest developments and emerging trends for metabolic control and engineering challenges are showcased in a 2022 Journal of Biotechnology article .

Single-cell metabolomics set to soar

Single Cell Metabolomics set to soar

While much progress has been made in genetic sequencing and mapping, genomics only tells us what a cell is capable of. To have a better understanding of cellular functions, proteomic and metabolomic approaches offer different angles for revealing molecular profiles and cellular pathways. Single-cell metabolomics gives a snapshot of the cellular metabolism within a biological system. The challenge is that metabolomes change rapidly, and sample preparation is critical to understand cell function. Collectively, a series of recent advancements in single-cell metabolomics (from open-sourced techniques, advanced AI algorithms, sample preparations, and new forms of mass spectrometry) demonstrates the ability to run detailed mass spectral analyses. This allows researchers to determine the metabolite population on a cell-by-cell basis, which would unlock enormous potential for diagnostics. In the future, this could lead to the ability to detect even a single cancerous cell in an organism. Combined with new biomarker detection methods , wearable medical devices and AI- assisted data analysis, this array of technologies will improve diagnosis and lives.

New catalysts enable greener fertilizer production

New catalysts enable greener fertilizer production

Every year, billions of people depend on fertilizers for the ongoing production of food, and reducing the carbon footprint and expenses in fertilizer production would reshape the impact agriculture has on emissions. The Haber-Bosch process for fertilizer production converts nitrogen and hydrogen to ammonia. To reduce energy requirements, researchers from Tokyo Tech have developed a noble-metal-free nitride catalyst containing a catalytically active transition metal (Ni) on a lanthanum nitride support that is stable in the presence of moisture. Since the catalyst doesn't contain ruthenium, it presents an inexpensive option for reducing the carbon footprint of ammonia production. The La-Al-N support, along with the active metals, such as nickel and cobalt (Ni, Co), produced NH3 at rates similar to conventional metal nitride catalysts. Learn more about sustainable fertilizer production in our latest article .

Advancements in RNA medicine

Crispr and RNA advancements

While the application of mRNA in COVID-19 vaccines garnered lots of attention, the real revolution of RNA technology is just beginning. Recently, a new multivalent nucleoside-modified mRNA flu vaccine was developed. This vaccine has the potential to build immune protection against any of the 20 known subtypes of influenza virus and protect against future outbreaks. Many rare genetic diseases are the next target for mRNA therapies, as they are often missing a vital protein and could be cured by replacing a healthy protein through mRNA therapy. In addition to mRNA therapies, the clinical pipeline has many RNA therapeutic candidates for multiple forms of cancers, and blood and lung diseases. RNA is highly targeted, versatile, and easily customized, which makes it applicable to a wide range of diseases. Learn more about the crowded clinical pipeline and the emerging trends in RNA technologies in our latest CAS Insight Report.

Rapid skeletal transformation

Rapid skeletal transformations

Within synthetic chemistry, the challenge of safely exchanging a single atom in a molecular framework or inserting and deleting single atoms from a molecular skeleton has been formidable. While many methods have been developed to functionalize molecules with peripheral substituents (such as C-H activation), one of the first methods to perform single-atom modifications on the skeletons of organic compounds was developed by Mark Levin’s group at the University of Chicago . This enables selective cleaving of the N–N bond of pyrazole and indazole cores to afford pyrimidines and quinazolines. Further development of skeletal editing methods would enable rapid diversification of commercially available molecules, which could lead to much faster discoveries of functional molecules and ideal drug candidates.

Advancing limb regeneration

Advancing Limb Regeneration

Limb loss is projected to affect over 3.6 million individuals per year by 2050. For the longest time, scientists believed the single biggest key to limb regeneration is the presence of nerves. However, work done by Dr. Muneoka and his team demonstrated the importance of mechanical load to digit regeneration in mammals and that the absence of a nerve does not inhibit regeneration. The advancement of limb regeneration was also achieved by researchers at Tufts University who have used acute multidrug delivery , via a wearable bioreactor, to successfully enable long-term limb regeneration in frogs. This early success could potentially lead to larger, more complex tissue re-engineering advances for humans, eventually benefiting military veterans, diabetics, and others impacted by amputation and trauma.

Nuclear fusion generates more net energy with ignition

photo of solar fusion

Nuclear fusion is the process that powers the sun and stars. For decades, the idea of replicating nuclear fusion on earth as a source of energy, in theory, could fulfill all the planet's future energy needs. The goal is to force light atoms to collide so forcefully that they fuse and release more energy than consumed. However, overcoming the electrical repulsion between the positive nuclei requires high temperatures and pressures. Once overcome, fusion releases large amounts of energy, which should also drive the fusion of nearby nuclei. Previous attempts to initiate fusion used strong magnetic fields and powerful lasers but had been unable to generate more energy than they consumed.

Researchers at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory’s ignition facility reported that the team was able to initiate nuclear fusion, which created 3.15 megajoules of energy from the 2.05 megajoule laser used. While this is a monumental breakthrough, the reality of a functioning nuclear fusion plant powering our grid may still be decades in the making. There are significant implementation hurdles (scalability, plant safety, energy required to generate the laser, wasted by-products, etc.) that must be addressed before this comes to fruition. However, the breakthrough of igniting nuclear fusion is a major milestone that will pave the way for future progress to be built upon this achievement.

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People visit archaeological excavation site with a pyramid in the background in the Saqqara region in Giza, Egypt.

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  • 2023 in Review

7 of the most exciting archaeological discoveries in 2023

A lost Maya city. A submerged temple in Italy. Remarkably well-preserved swords in a cave by the Dead Sea. These finds changed our perspective on history.

The past year was a good one for archaeology: We’ve witnessed how new techniques such as AI can lead to breakthroughs, and scientists have shed new light on artifacts unearthed in earlier times.

But it was also a year of new archaeological discoveries, including mummification workshops from Egypt that reveal some of the secrets of the ancient burial technique; a submerged temple in Italy built 2,000 years ago by traders from the Arabian deserts; and a vast Maya city that had been lost to the jungle but was revealed with laser technology.

Here are seven of the most interesting new finds:

1. The Dead Sea swords

In June, archaeologists found four remarkably well-preserved swords that were left in a cave in the Judean Desert between the first and the third centuries A.D.—a time when the region was a refuge for Jewish rebels to Roman rule. Wood and leather usually quickly rot, but here they were safeguarded by the dry environment so that the swords are complete with their hilts and scabbards.

The swords were discovered after an iron point of a Roman javelin called a pilum and pieces of worked wood were first found in the cave southeast of Jerusalem and beside the Dead Sea; researchers then searched the cave with metal detectors, which revealed the four swords wedged behind stalactites. It’s thought the weapons were probably stashed there by Jewish rebels during the Bar Kokhba revolt, between A.D. 132 and 136 after they had collected them from a battlefield or stolen them from Roman units. Archaeologists are excited by the preservation of the wood and leather, which could help pinpoint where and when the swords were made.

2. A new giant stone head on Rapa Nui

In February, volunteers unearthed a newfound giant stone head called a moai on Rapa Nui, also known as Easter Island, in the Pacific Ocean more than 2,000 miles off the coast of Chile. The statue is small for a moai —a little over five feet tall, while others of the roughly 900 on the island are up 33 feet tall (one unfished moai would have been more than 70 feet tall when completed.) But it was discovered in a dried-up crater lake, and archaeologists think there may be more there to find.

Most of the moai were erected between 1250 and 1500, and local people regard the statues as the “living faces” of their deified ancestors. Nothing is known about this newest moai , including which ancestor it represents, but archaeologists will search for the tools used to shape it from soft volcanic rock. Wooden tablets bearing glyphs called rongorongo might explain more—if only they could be read.

3. A lost Maya city discovered by lidar

The revolutionary power of lidar— Laser Detection and Ranging —was demonstrated in June with the discovery of a previously unknown Maya city on Mexico’s Yucatán Peninsula . The technique uses airborne equipment to scan the landscape below with thousands of pulses of laser light every second, which can reveal otherwise hidden details beneath trees and other cover—the historic bends and channels of the Mississippi River , for example, and shelters built by soldiers during the Battle of the Bulge .

Archaeologists who visited the site on foot have called the lost city “Ocomtún,” from the Yucatec Maya word for its many stone columns. They think it was a major center from about A.D. 250 until it was abandoned when the Maya civilization collapsed between 900 and 1000, possibly from drought and internal strife . Ocomtún covers more than 120 acres and features plazas, ball courts, elite homes, raised platforms, ritual alters, and pyramid temples; the remains of the largest pyramid are more than 80 feet high.

4. A submerged desert temple in Italy

Italian archaeologists announced in August their discovery near Naples of the underwater remains of a 2,000-year-old temple , which they think was built by ancient Nabateans. Hailing from modern-day Jordan and Saudi Arabia, the Nabateans, who also founded Petra , were desert merchants who supplied the Romans with the luxuries of the east. Much of their trade arrived at the port of Puteoli, now Pozzuoli, a few miles west of Naples; the temple on the port’s shoreline had been submerged during volcanic activity in the area, which is in sight of Mt. Vesuvius .

The underwater ruins include an alter to the Nabatean gods, and archaeologists suggest the temple served as a “billboard” for Nabatean culture, as well as a place of worship. A Latin inscription on a piece of marble recounts that “Zaidu and Abdelge offered two camels to [the god] Dushara”—a sacrifice that may have been to benefit trade negotiations, or a blessing for a risky sea journey.

5. Two mummy workshops from ancient Egypt

Egyptian archaeologists announced in May that they had discovered two more workshops for mummification at the Saqqara necropolis near the ruins of the ancient city of Memphis, a few miles south of Cairo. The workshops are from the 30 th dynasty (380 to 345 B.C.) and the Ptolemaic period (305 to 30 B.C.), which is late for ancient Egypt; the Egyptian practice of mummification to preserve a dead body for its afterlife dates back thousands of years earlier to around 2600 B.C.

One of the newfound workshops at Saqqara features stone beds meant for the preparation of human bodies, while the other has smaller beds that archaeologists think were used to mummify animals . The researchers also found instruments for mummification, clay jars for entrails, and ritual vessels for embalmed organs, as well as supplies of natron—a type of soda ash, sourced from dry lake beds in the desert, that was a key ingredient in the embalming process.

6. Lost gemstones from a Roman bathhouse

Dozens of carved gemstones depicting Roman gods and animals were discovered at Carlisle in the north of England, amid the ruins of an ancient drainage system that carried water away from public baths in the third and fourth centuries. Archaeologists announced the finds in June; it’s thought the gemstones were worn in jewelry by wealthy bathers, but that they fell into the drains when their settings loosened from the humidity and heat of the baths.

These gems include semiprecious stones of agate, jasper, amethyst, and carnelian; some are carved with images of Roman gods, such as Apollo, Venus, and Mars, while others show animals, such as rabbits and birds. Carved gemstones like this, called intaglios, were used by the Romans as a type of signature, often pressing a ring into clay or wax to create a seal. The ancient drains were found beneath a pavilion belonging to the Carlisle Cricket Club; the city was a regional center in Roman Britain, when it was known as Luguvalium.

7. A fateful wartime shipwreck in the South China Sea

In April, Australian searchers announced they had found the wreck of the Montevideo Maru , a Japanese transport ship that sank in 1942 with more than a thousand Allied prisoners-of-war on board. The ship was carrying Australian troops captured during the Japanese invasion of New Guinea, as well as a contingent of Norwegian sailors and more than 200 captured civilians.

The ship was bound for the Chinese island of Hainan, which was then occupied by Japan, when it was spotted by the American submarine U.S.S. Sturgeon near the northern coast of the Philippines. Not knowing the Japanese ship was carrying Allied POWs, the Sturgeon tracked it for several hours before sinking it with torpedoes. None of the prisoners survived, and the sinking is the worst maritime disaster in Australia’s history. Some Japanese crewman survived, however, and reported that some of the prisoners who had made it onto makeshift rafts sang "Auld Lang Syne" to their dead comrades on the sunken ship.

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10 Breakthrough Technologies 2023

Every year, we pick the 10 technologies that matter the most right now. you’ll recognize some; others might surprise you. we look for advances that will have a big impact on our lives and then break down why they matter., crispr for high cholesterol.

Over the past decade, the gene-editing tool CRISPR has rapidly evolved from the lab to the clinic. It started with experimental treatments for rare genetic disorders and has recently expanded into clinical trials for common conditions, including high cholesterol. New forms of CRISPR could take things further still.

A DNA strand

AI that makes images

This is the year of the AI artists. Software models developed by Google, OpenAI, and others can now generate stunning artworks based on just a few text prompts. Type in a short description of pretty much anything, and you get a picture of what you asked for in seconds. Nothing will be the same again.

A robot painting on a canvas

A chip design that changes everything

The chip industry is undergoing a profound shift. Manufacturers have long licensed chip designs from a few big firms. Now, a popular open standard called RISC-V is upending those power dynamics by making it easier for anyone to create a chip. Many startups are exploring the possibilities.

A chip design that changes everything

Mass-market military drones

Military drones were once out of reach for smaller nations due to their expense and strict export controls. But advances in consumer componentry and communications technology have helped drone manufacturers build complex war machines at much lower prices. The Turkish Bayraktar TB2 and other cheap drones have changed the nature of drone warfare.

A military drone

Stay ahead of the curve

Learn more about emerging technologies with an MIT Technology Review subscription.

Abortion pills via telemedicine

Abortion ceased to be a constitutional right in the US in 2022, and state bans now prevent many people from accessing them. So healthcare providers and startups have turned to telehealth to prescribe and deliver pills that allow people to safely induce abortions at home.

Organs on demand

Every day, an average of 17 people in the US alone die awaiting an organ transplant. These people could be saved—and many others helped—by a potentially limitless supply of healthy organs. Scientists are genetically engineering pigs whose organs could be transplanted into humans and 3D-printing lungs using a patient’s own cells.

discovery projects 2023

The inevitable EV

Electric vehicles are finally becoming a realistic option. Batteries are getting cheaper and governments have passed stricter emissions rules or banned gas-powered vehicles altogether. Major automakers have pledged to go all-electric, and consumers everywhere will soon find there are more good reasons to buy an EV than not.

Never miss a breakthrough

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Something went wrong, try again., james webb space telescope.

The first breathtaking images of the distant cosmos captured by the world’s most powerful space telescope inspired a collective sense of awe and wonder. And this thing’s just getting started. Discoveries will come almost as rapidly as scientists can analyze the data now flooding in. A new era of astronomy has begun.

James Webb Space Telescope

Ancient DNA analysis

Genomic sequencing tools now let us read very old strands of human DNA. Studying traces from humans who lived long ago reveals much about who we are and why the modern world looks the way it does. It also helps scientists understand the lives of regular people living back then—not just those who could afford elaborate burials.

Ancient DNA analysis

Battery recycling

Recycling is vital to prevent today’s growing mountains of discarded batteries from ending up in landfills, and it could also provide a badly needed source of metals for powering tomorrow’s EVs. Companies are building facilities that will reclaim lithium, nickel, and cobalt and feed these metals back to lithium-ion battery manufacturers, helping reduce the cost.

Battery recycling

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You voted for the 11th breakthrough

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Learn about the winner

Hydrogen planes.

Using fuel cells to power zero-emission flights.

discovery projects 2023

10 Breakthrough Technologies is an annual list published by MIT Technology Review recognizing important technological advances in artificial intelligence, biotechnology, climate change, computing, cybersecurity, space science, and more. Every year, our reporters and editors nominate dozens of technologies we think will change the world. Some of the advances you see highlighted here are already widely available, while others will emerge soon. It’s the 22nd year we’ve published this list.

Design & Engineering Lead developer: Andre Vitorio Design: Vichhika Tep Product: Allison Chase CTO: Drake Martinet Editorial Special projects editor: Amy Nordrum Editing: Allison Arieff, Rachel Courtland, Niall Firth, Mat Honan, Amy Nordrum, David Rotman, and Amanda Silverman Copy editing: Linda Lowenthal, David Richwine Engagement: Juliet Beauchamp, Abby Ivory-Ganja Fact checking: Matt Mahoney Art Art direction: Stephanie Arnett, Eric Mongeon Illustration: David Alabo, Michael Byers, Erik Carter, Nick Little, Amrita Marino Photography: NASA, Redwood Materials JWST Model: NASA, Paul (Sketchfab) , licensed under Creative Commons

Discovery Projects

Discovery Projects

Discover new insights + new ways of thinking. Experience a real-world challenge. Impact a global organization. All in one 6-credit project.

Apply Now for the Spring 2024 Discovery Projects

Discover new ways of thinking about customers and  leadership, and gain a deeper understanding about how you think and present. Learn Yale’s proprietary Insights Discovery Process, which builds on the latest theories in behavioral science. There’s also a healthy dose of self-discovery as faculty push you to challenge the intellectual rigor of your thinking.

Visa

Work on a real project, not just theories. Gain firsthand experience tackling a real-world challenge facing a business leader, with the underlying “cushion” of senior faculty leadership and alumni mentorship.  Learn how to go from problem to insight, and how to use insights to generate creative strategies and recommendations.

Classroom lecture

Generate insights that can drive meaningful change within an organization and learn from senior leadership about how your team’s ideas might be used during key client milestones. Having the support and guidance of faculty along the way will ensure that your final deliverables are both innovative and impactful.

What will I learn?

Rigorous critical thinking skills and the ability to translate learnings from data into strategic recommendations are valued in leaders across industries and sectors. Whether you’re going into consulting, strategy, design or marketing, you will benefit from learning how to more effectively and succinctly present your ideas in team meetings, oral presentations, and written PowerPoint slides.

Methods and Theories Frequently Used:

  • Behavioral Economics / Behavioral Science
  • Beliefs-Goals-Choices  Framework
  • 4 P’s Framework
  • Decision Making / Decision Science
  • Yale Insights Discovery Process
  • Design Thinking / Innovation Through Customer Empathy
  • Big Data Analytics
  • Concept Testing
  • Survey Creation & Experimentation
  • In-Depth Behavioral Interviews
  • Ethnography
  • Social Media Scraping

Click here to learn more about experiential learning through Discovery Projects.

Frequently asked questions

Six credits.

The course is by application only.  You do not need to use your points to bid on this course.

 In the spring, the course is open to first- and second-year MBA students and MAM students. In the fall, the course is open to second-year MBA students and MAM students.

Fall 2023 applications are due by 11:00pm on Friday , July 14th.

Apply to more than one project to increase your likelihood of being selected.  You can note your order of preference  in your statement of interest, along with why you’d be a great fit for your top choice. 

A few practical notes

These are highly selective projects that are very time intensive and require a great deal of flexibility with scheduling.  You will earn six (6) credits upon successful completion of this course.  

Student Responsibilities:

  • Attend mandatory Discovery Project kickoff meetings, midterm and final presentations, and weekly meetings with faculty advisors/student team throughout the semester (dates/times TBD by team).
  • Attend five mandatory lectures and other project events most Wednesday evenings throughout the semester.
  • Plan to spend approximately 12-14 hours per week on this course, and potentially 16+ hours during midterm and final presentation prep. 
  • Conduct interviews among consumers, generate insights, test insights, and provide recommendations to affiliate companies. 

Deliverables:

  • Final team presentation to the affiliate with midterm check-in.
  • 7-10 page white paper summarizing findings.

Ravi Dhar , George Rogers Clark Professor of Management & Marketing, Yale SOM;  Professor of Psychology in the Department of Psychology, Yale University; Director, YCCI

Nathan Novemsky , Professor of Marketing, Yale SOM; Professor of Psychology in the Department of Psychology, Yale University

Treeny Ahmed , Executive Director, YCCI; Lecturer in the Practice of Management, Yale SOM

Student spotlight

With lessons from this course and real-world opportunity as a guide, I am able to better navigate the complexity and ambiguity of my research at Google with confidence. Betsy Rives​ ’17

Preview image for the video "CCI: The Value of Discovery Projects".

This program is uniquely Yale and definitely worth exploring if you enjoy being challenged and pushing the bar for what excellence looks like day in and day out!
Challenging, engaging and ultimately rewarding work…
The YCCI Discovery Project was a genuinely meaningful complement to my classroom experience and amplified my learning and growth during my first year at SOM in surprising ways.

Research Funding

  • ARC schemes

Discovery Projects

Critical dates, **please note new two-stage process in dp25**.

Release of 2025 Grant Guidelines

RIC information webinar - slides and  recording

ARC seminar - "How to Pitch an EOI" - slides and recording

DP25 EOI scheme opens

RIC Drop-in sessions

Review-ready DP25 EOI applications due to RIC (optional process)

Upload/submit your PDF DPEI25 via the Qualtrics form

Opt-ins for UoM mock panel process also via the same  Qualtrics form - details below, under "How to apply"

DP25 EOI Request Not to Assess due to RIC

DP25 EOI Request Not to Assess due to ARC

Final DP25 EOI Stage Applications due to RIC - **MANDATORY**

DP25 EOI Stage Applications due to ARC

DP25 EOI Outcomes Announced

DP25 Full Applications open

DP25 Full Applications close

DP25 Rejoinders

DP25 Outcomes Announced

The ARC Discovery Projects scheme provides grant funding to support research projects that may be undertaken by both individual researchers or research teams.

The Discovery Projects aims to:

  • Support excellent basic and applied research and research training by individuals and teams
  • Support national and international research collaboration
  • Enhance the scale and focus of research in Australian Government priority areas.

KEY CHANGES TO 2025 ROUND

ARC Discovery Projects for funding commencing in 2025 (DP25) will run in a two-stage application process:

  • An Expression of Interest (EOI) stage which comprises of a shorter application including ROPE for all Chief Investigators (CI) and Partner Investigators (PI) and a two-page project description.
  • A full application stage, where shortlisted applicants are invited to submit.

EOI stage criteria are based on Investigator/Capability (30%) and Project Quality and Innovation (70%).

EOIs will be assessed by three ARC College of Expert (CoE) members . Following a moderation process, highly-ranked projects will be invited to submit a full proposal. Applicants should note that CoE members, not detailed assessors will rank EOI applications, and pitch the EOI accordingly.

Please note that the ROPE sections cannot be changed from EOI to full proposal stage . This means that project teams cannot be changed from EOI to full proposal stage. Applicants invited to a full proposal will have the ROPE section automatically populated.

Project eligibility limits still apply, and will be considered at the EOI stage.

NITS, Medical Research Policy, and Budget sections will appear at the Full Application stage only.

The scheme provides a minimum of $30,000 and a maximum of $500,000 of funding per year for up to five consecutive years. Project costs can be used to hire research personnel (inc. HDR students), teaching relief, travel, field research, equipment, maintenance (inc. consumables), and other expenses (inc. dissemination costs and workshops). See Section 5 of the Discovery Program Grant Guidelines for further details.

NATIONAL INTEREST TEST (NIT) (Full Application stage only)

The National Interest Test (NIT) Statement is a requirement in all applications for funding under the National Competitive Grants Program (NCGP). The purpose of the NIT is to demonstrate the societal benefits (economic, commercial, environmental, social, or cultural) of the proposed research beyond the academic community. The audience of the NIT is the general public—a different audience than the Application Project Summary, whose audience is the applicant’s peers.

The NIT statement should address the following considerations in a single cohesive statement:

  • What is the project about and what research gap is it addressing for Australia?
  • How could the research benefit Australians (economically, socially, environmentally, commercially, or culturally)?
  • How might you promote your research outcomes beyond academia to maximise understanding, translation, use, and adoption of the research in the future?

It is an ARC requirement that your NIT Statement is certified by the DVC-R prior to the submission of your application. The review and approval of your NIT Statement will be administered by your Faculty. NIT Statements will only be required if progressing to the Full Application stage.

SELECTION CRITERIA

The assessment criteria for the EOI stage are:

  • Investigator(s)/Capability: 30%
  • Project quality and innovation: 70%

The assessment criteria for the full application stage are:

  • Investigator(s)/ Capability: 30%
  • Project Quality and Innovation: 45%
  • Benefit:15%
  • Feasibility:10%

ELIGIBILITY

To be eligible as a Chief Investigator on a 2025 Discovery Project (DP25) you must, at 1 January 2025 (and if successful, for the project activity period): a. be an employee for at least 0.2 FTE at an Eligible Organisation; or b. be a holder of an honorary academic appointment at an Eligible Organisation.

Honorary academic appointment for eligibility purposes means any honorary position that gives full academic status, as certified by the Deputy Vice-Chancellor (Research) or equivalent in the application. The researcher must have access to research support comparable to employees, e.g. an emeritus appointment. The researcher is not eligible to be a Chief investigator using their honorary academic appointment if they are employed by an organisation other than an Eligible Organisation for more than 0.2 FTE.

If you wish to apply as a Chief Investigator and you hold an Honorary appointment (with no more than 0.2 FTE paid appointment at an organisation other than an Eligible Organisation) and  please contact [email protected] as soon as possible to arrange DVCR certification.

ACTIVE PROJECT AND ACTIVE PROJECTS ASSESSMENT DATE

The key dates for the DP25 round are:

DP25 Funding Commencement Date: 1 January 2025

DP25 Active Project Assessment Date: 1 July 2025

The Active Project Assessment Date is important as it is used to assess applicant's cross-scheme eligibility, i.e. whether they have been named on too many ARC applications and projects to be eligible for further DE funding. Both Active Projects (as per the definition below) and projects under assessment are considered.

An Active Project refers to an ARC project that is receiving funding according to the terms of the original Funding Agreement, has any carryover funds approved by the ARC, or has an approved variation to the project’s end date. If a project has carried forward any funding or its end date has changed, the new end date determines if the project is active. Active projects can be viewed via the applicant's RMS profile by selecting Person Profile > Current ARC Projects> End Date. Projects with Final Reports due are not considered active projects.

The ARC will calculate active projects upon the submission of proposals (and may calculate them again as other scheme rounds’ announcements are made and End of Year Reports are submitted).

You can participate in a maximum of two Discovery Program projects at the same time. Accordingly, you can apply for a DE25 while holding two DPs that end prior to 1 July 2025, but you cannot start the DE25 until at least one of the DPs has been completed, one DP has been relinquished, or your role on one DP has been relinquished.

For the 2025 round of Discovery Projects, all CIs must meet the following criteria on 1 July 2025:

Grant Guide Section 4.20:  "A named participant can be concurrently funded through the Discovery Program for a maximum of:

a. two projects as a CI; or b. one ARC Fellowship and one project as a CI; or c.  one ARC Fellowship or project if the individual is also a Director on an active ARC Centre of Excellence and/or a Special Research Initiative project."

Applicants should review all limits on projects themselves. See 4.18–4.24 (pages 7–8) of the Grant Guidelines.

If you or any of the CIs listed on your project have two active projects as of 1 July 2025 , please contact [email protected] to discuss either formally amending your end date or arranging a project or role relinquishment through a variation.

If are unsure whether you or any of the CIs listed on your project meet the eligibility requirements, please contact [email protected] for clarification.

RESEARCH OUTPUTS

Research outputs must first be added to an applicant's ARC Research Management System (RMS) profile before they can be selected for inclusion on an application. The University's recommended approach is to export research outputs from Elements as a BibTeX file and then import this file into RMS to achieve best data integrity. For help with this process or with Elements, please contact your Faculty Research Office or  [email protected] .

Further resources to assist with managing Research Outputs are available below under Supporting documents > Research Outputs.

REQUEST NOT TO ASSESS

Please note the Request to Assess process will only occur at the EOI stage.

If you have a conflict of interest with a researcher from an external institution it is possible to request that they not be considered as a potential detailed assessor for your application. More details about this can be found on the  ARC Request Not to Assess webpage .

How to apply

Submit a notice of intent (noi).

The NOI should be completed early so that the RIC has the CIA's contact details.

Update RMS profile

All CIs and PIs must obtain access to RMS and update their profile information (see RMS information )

Review documentation

Review the Discovery Project 2025 Grant Guidelines, Instructions to Applicants and the FAQs (when available). These documents can be found under ARC Documents and Resources below.

Complete the draft application in RMS

Log in to RMS and complete the draft application.

Submit 'Review ready' application to RIC

Please note that the Qualtrics form has replaced the process of emailing RIC your review-ready application PDF.

If you wish to receive a RIC compliance and eligibility review, you can indicate this on the  form and attach/upload a PDF copy of your RMS EIDP25 application .

In addition to the standard compliance and eligibility review provided by RIC, a new "mock ARC panel review" initiative is being offered for the EIDP25 round.

You will be asked on the form for your voluntary participation in any/all of the below:

  • RIC compliance and eligibility review
  • Written feedback from a mock ARC-style panel
  • Mock assessors zoom session (“fly-on-the-wall” experience a mock ARC assessor meeting and brainstorming with panel members and fellow applicants)

All components of the EOI application should be complete when submitting for RIC review. Because some parts of the application are auto-populated from the profile, review-ready drafts should have complete, up-to-date profiles for all personnel in RMS.

Application review

Two RIC staff members will review the application and provide the applicant with feedback via email.

Complete the application

After taking feedback from the RIC team into consideration, complete the application in RMS . It is suggested advice is sought from colleagues, faculty mentors, etc. before finalising the application.

Final submission

On the final application due date to RIC, the applicant must:

  • Submit final application by clicking ‘Submit to Research Office’ in RMS
  • Create a PDF of your application in RMS, ensuring it states 'Submitted to Research Office' in the footer.
  • Lodge your PDF via Qualtrics form.

Note that Authority to Submit forms are not required at the EOI stage for DP25.

RIC will submit the application to ARC

Once the application has been submitted to ARC, you will receive an email from RIC confirming submission.

*A 'review ready' draft application

  • RMS Profile for all personnel
  • Section A – Administrative Summary
  • Section B - Classifications/Statistical Info
  • Section C - Project Eligibility
  • Section D – Project Description
  • Section E - Project Cost
  • Section F - Participant Details Including ROPE

Supporting documents

Arc documents and resources.

  • DP25 Discovery Projects Grant Guidelines 2023 - updated 20/11/2023
  • DP25 Summary of Changes - Discovery Projects Grant Guidelines 2023 - updated 20/11/2023
  • DPEI25 EOI Instructions to Applicants - updated 14/02/2024
  • DPEI25 EOI Sample Form - updated 22/01/2024
  • DPEI25 EOI Frequently Asked Questions
  • DPEI25 EOI Important Dates

FULL APPLICATION DOCS

  • DP25 Preliminary Instructions to Applicants - updated 25/01/2024
  • DP25 Preliminary Sample Form - updated 25/01/2024

GENERAL DOCS

  • ARC Discovery Projects webpage
  • ARC College of Experts
  • ARC Medical Research Policy
  • ARC Science and Research Priorities webpage
  • RMS User Guide - Requesting and Maintaining an RMS Account June 2022 (Version 3)
  • RMS User Guide - Submitting an Application in RMS Sep 2022 (Version 3)
  • RMS User Guide - Submitting a Request Not to Assess Aug 2021 (Version 3)

RIC Documents and Resources

  • Register a NOI (Notice of Intent Submission)
  • UoM Grants Library of Successful Applications
  • DP25 Part B3 Research Load Template
  • DP25 EOI Top Ten Tips for Final Submission (updated 19/02/2024)
  • DP25 EOI RIC Applicant Guide (updated 25/01/2024 - Version 4)
  • DP25 EOI RIC Advice for PIs (updated 25/01/2024 - Version 2)
  • 2024 College of Experts Members - FOR division (updated 23/01/2024)
  • DP24 RIC Authority to Submit form (to be updated)
  • DP24 RIC Top Tips for Eligibility (to be updated)
  • DP24 Salary Scales and Budget Preparation (to be updated)

National Interest Test (NIT)

  • ARC National Interest Test statement (NIT) website
  • ARC National Interest Test statement (NIT) samples

Research Outputs

  • RMS User Guide - Research Outputs Sep 2021 (Version 6) and Q&A
  • UoM Research Outputs and the ARC (see step by step  instructions  and  video )
  • UoM Manage your research outputs
  • UoM Research Impact Library Advisory Service (RILAS)
  • RIC and CRE seminar - Advice for DP ROPE 19/02/2024 - slides and recording and Q&A
  • RIC seminar - DP25 Webinar on Major Changes - slides and  recording
  • ARC 'How to Pitch an EOI Webinar' - slides and  recording
  • NITs Writing Workshop 7/11/2023 ( video and slides )
  • Writing an ARC NIT Statement Seminar 25/01/2023 ( video and slides )
  • RIC Discovery Projects Seminar 15/12/2022 ( video and slides )
  • RIC Discovery Projects Seminar 7/04/2022 ( slides )
  • GaRDeN Development Sessions 2021 Developing a Great Discovery Project Team and Grant Camp Sessions
  • ARC Rejoinders website
  • ARC Rejoinder Assessment Review Request Form
  • RMS User Guide - Submitting a Rejoinder Aug 2021 (Version 4)
  • UoM Rejoinder fact sheet 01 March 2022

Note on rejoinders: Assessor comments should only include details on Project quality and innovation, Impact, Investigator(s’) capability and quality of team and Strength of the proposed research alliance. Assessors should not be commenting on Eligibility and Compliance. If you identify an assessment that contains inappropriate elements, you can have this reviewed by the ARC. You can do this by completing an ARC Assessment Review Request form within 3 working days after the opening of the Rejoinder period.  Please note that applicants should never contact the ARC directly. Always speak to your Faculty or RIC first.

Key contacts

  • Accepting your grant
  • Variations of the project agreement
  • Transferring and leaving the University
  • Australia–Germany Joint Research Cooperation Scheme (UA–DAAD)
  • Bonn-Melbourne Research Excellence Fund
  • Dyason Fellowships
  • Early Career Researcher Grant
  • Establishment Grants for ARC DECRAs
  • Establishment Grants for ARC Future Fellows
  • Hebrew University of Jerusalem – University of Melbourne: Call for Joint PhD Projects
  • Manage your grant
  • International Research Training Groups (IRTGs)
  • Invertebrate management research seed funding scheme
  • Joyce Lambert Antarctic Research Fund
  • KU Leuven – Melbourne Call for Joint PhD Projects
  • Berlin University Alliance – University of Melbourne: Call for joint PhD projects in Global Health
  • Manchester – Melbourne Call for Jointly Awarded/Dual PhD Projects
  • Mary Lugton Postdoctoral Fellowships
  • Marles Medal
  • McCoy Project PhD Scholarships
  • McCoy Seed Fund
  • Melbourne Postdoctoral Fellowships (record of scheme)
  • McKenzie Postdoctoral Fellowships Scheme
  • Melbourne Research Fellowships (Career Interruptions) Program
  • Melbourne-Indonesia Research Partnership Program
  • Woodward Medallists
  • Shanghai Jiao Tong University – University of Melbourne: Joint PhD Projects with paired Seed Funding
  • University of Toronto – University of Melbourne: International Research Training Group - Call for Proposals
  • International Grants Accelerator Program
  • UoM – CNRS Graduate Research Projects Scheme
  • Woodward Medals
  • Victoria-Germany Bilateral Academic Exchange Program
  • Hokkaido – Melbourne Joint Research Workshops Fund
  • University of Melbourne – University of Bonn: Call for joint PhD project proposals
  • Manchester-Melbourne-Toronto Research Fund
  • Osaka – Melbourne Joint Research Workshops Fund
  • JSPS Open Partnership Joint Research Projects co-funding scheme
  • Establishment Grants for ARC Industry Fellows
  • RDS Grants Schedule Overview
  • Nagoya– Melbourne Joint Research Workshops Fund
  • Melbourne – A*STAR Call for collaborative PhD project proposals
  • Marles Medallists
  • Puzey Postdoctoral Fellowship
  • U.S. National Institutes of Health (NIH)
  • DoD Agencies
  • Wellcome Trust
  • International Codes and Contacts
  • Current Funding Opportunities
  • EMCR Workshop Series: Accessing MRFF Funding
  • EMCR Workshop Series FAQs
  • Primary industry schemes
  • Victorian Future Industries Fund
  • CRC Program - Cooperative Research Centres
  • Cooperative Research Centres Projects (CRC-Ps)
  • CRC for Developing Northern Australia Project Funding Round
  • National Environmental Science Program
  • ARC Special Research Initiatives
  • Modern Manufacturing Initiative - Manufacturing Translation
  • Modern Manufacturing Initiative - Manufacturing Integration
  • Modern Manufacturing Initiative - Manufacturing Collaboration
  • Current Students
  • Equity & Inclusion

cover_photo_1

Data Science Discovery

The Discovery Program incubates and accelerates data science and AI research in academia, government, non-profit, and industry. Discovery is a program of DSUS in partnership with BIDS, D-Lab, Research IT, the Library.

  • Research Partners

Student Researchers

geometric shape digital wallpaper

Spring 2024 Applications Now Open!

  Apply now!  

Research Projects

Established in

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Over 100+ companies or NGOs joined us

Program updates

discovery projects 2023

December 18 - February 7

Spring 2024 Student Applications

discovery projects 2023

Fall 2023 Team Finalization

Announced via email

March 

Spring 2024 Partners Application

May @Hearst Mining Hall, UC Berkeley

Fall 2024 Symposium

Coming soon

Program offerings

Student researchers have the opportunity to work on semester-long discovery projects of their choice and apply data science to real-world problems with a variety of companies, from startups to NGOs to well-established corporations.

View past projects >

Showcase events

Each semester, we host a showcase that attracts over 500 participants, including students, industry partners, and academicians. It is a fantastic opportunity to showcase your projects to people from different fields.

View Spring 2023 Showcase >

discovery projects 2023

Professional support

Our data science consulting teams offer a wide range of professional workshops and one-on-one consulting to help our student researchers gain valuable technical skills and real-time support. Some past workshop topics include: machine Learning, web scraping, and data visualization.

Meet consulting team  >

discovery projects 2023

Cloud computing resources

Discovery partners and students for the Fall 2023 semester can request cloud computing credits. We offer several options and resources for cloud computing, including Savio, UC Berkeley's Linux cluster with high-speed, low-latency networking and a high-speed parallel file system for high performance computing.

Learn more >

How to get involved?

discovery projects 2023

For partners

Companies, ngos, governments, and academic partners.

We are looking for companies and nonprofits with exciting projects to collaborate on. Please reach out if you have a project for us!

Partner applications >

discovery projects 2023

For students

Undergraduate and graduate.

We are looking for students who are eager to learn and passionate about applying data science to technology. Interested? Join our program!

Student applications >

Mastering the Discovery Phase: A Definitive Guide to Project Success in 2023

Marketing Manager

Sikorskaya Kate

Marketing Manager

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The discovery phase is a crucial step in the project development process, as it helps to prevent the natural temptation to take your idea and immediately turn it into an app without adequate planning. As many other companies have experienced, skipping the discovery phase often leads to the following mistakes: creation of a product that does not adequately solve a problem or meet customer demands, budget overruns, scope creep. 

According to a recent research from McKinsey,  almost a half of software or mobile development projects end up demanding more money as it was initially planned . This is a common problem of most startups and those companies that want to launch an app but don't really have a clear picture about product requirements. Having extensive experience working with startups, SolveIt can confidently state that without the discovery phase, a product is almost doomed to failure. 

The harsh truth is that the lack of preliminary planning can eventually turn any great project into a sinking Titanic leading to constant budget overruns, broken deadlines, and increased risks of failure. Our practical experience shows that 90% of the time the so-called “discovery phase” works as a very effective solution, especially if done by a team of experts.

In this blog post, we'll talk about the importance of the project discovery phase in the process of product development, its goals, steps, and deliverables.

What is a discovery phase in a project?

Discovery phase is the preliminary stage of a software development project. During this phase, the experts conduct in-depth market research , analyze the client's business goals, create functional and non-functional requirements for the future product.

“I believe that a discovery phase is an integral part of any project: a startup building realizing its unique idea or a software product development for an established business. 

Each project should begin with the definition of the needs: whether it is a problem or a potential business opportunity. Not always the solutions requested by stakeholders are the very tools they need to meet their real business needs. The discovery phase is here to determine the most relevant solution for each case.”

— Waleriya Bagnyuk-Yurkantovich, Business Analyst at SolveIt.

This results of the discovery phase in a set of documentation like a detailed description & overview of the whole digital product development process (product vision, technologies that should be used, integrations, product architecture, etc.). Also, the discovery stage includes creating a design concept, interactive prototype, and roadmap to draw the most clear picture of the final outcome. The main goal of the project discovery phase is to stay as close as possible to client’s expectations and fulfill all product requirements.

What is product discovery process?

Even though most software development companies already have the discovery phase included in their development process most of the time, it’s a simplified version of the actual discovery. In other words, they won’t be focusing much on market research & analysis. And users’ needs will be studied just to a certain extent.

Needless to say, reputable agencies like SolveIt won’t even consider working with clients without a discovery phase. The reason is to avoid the potential risks, downfalls, and mutual misunderstandings which 99% of the time will come up during product development.

Read Also Mobile app development process: step-by-step guide

Why discovery phase is crucial for your project?

Yes, in some cases the project discovery phase may seem time-consuming and resource-intensive. But, at the same time, it works very effectively for determining the project's timeline, budget, final product requirements, and specifications.

Moreover, it often helps to reduce the cost of development because it helps to identify clearly what features have to be in the first MVP and what can be added to the future iterations. For example, a discovery phase performed by SolveIt helped to reduce the cost of medical mobile app development by 25% for one of our clients.

Medical app case study

What specialists are involved in the discovery phase?

Commonly, a project discovery team consists of 3-5 specialists: Business Analyst, Tech Consultant or Architect, Designer, Project Manager (sometimes, a Business Analyst may take on PM’s tasks), and a certain specialist (like industry expert) needed for a particular project.

Business Analyst collects all the necessary data from a client and market. Subsequently, a Business Analyst will interpret data into actionable insights, functional and non-functional requirements.

Designers use the results of the business analysis to create a design concept to target the audience and build wireframes using user journeys. Designer also creates a working prototype to test user experience prior to product development .

Tech Analysts evaluate the project from the developer’s point of view and analyze the technical part of the project like best tools, platforms, and other effective technical solutions. Technical analysts will propose the infrastructure and development approach the most suitable for your product.

Project discovery phase

How does SolveIt conduct the discovery phase?

The discovery phase serves as the starting point for 90% of development projects at SolveIt. Now, let’s go into more details and talk about how everything works in the discovery phase at every step of the way.

Discovery phase steps

Step 1: Introduction

If a client decides to start collaborating with us, we arrange a preliminary intro call with a Business Analyst. This specialist then gathers initial requirements to understand the idea, the current state of the client’s business, main goals, as well as future product value.

Step 2: Analysis and research

This step of the discovery phase includes the meticulous market research including analysis of industry trends and problems in order to get a general idea about the market state and motivation of the client’s target audience. This step also involves studying and analyzing competitors for having a clear idea how to make a competitive solution that will be capable of winning a decent portion of the market.

Step 3: Design

Designer creates a design concept and builds wireframes or a prototype using user journeys. This ensures that user experience will go smoothly while the client can change the concept any time prior to estimation and development, including  app design cost considerations.

Step 4: Technical analysis

Tech architect creates a scope of documents in accordance with all the requirements involved in the project. The clearer and more detailed these requirements are, the better all the process participants understand what the product should look like.

Step 5: Presentation and deliverables

After completing all stages of the discovery phase with all necessary data & insights being initiated in the set of documents, now is the time to meet up with the client. The company arranges a meeting to discuss the details and provide the product vision from the business and technical points of view. If the client accepts the project proposal with estimated financial and time investments, the company goes ahead and jumps into the MVP development.

How to build an MVP in 2023: all you need to know

Discovery phase deliverables.

Once the required data is collected and thoroughly analyzed, the team is ready to provide the client with a pool of documents required for further development. These documents give a clear understanding of the product’s vision, structure, and functionality of the product. It allows you to review the concept, as well as understand the cost and timing of development.

  • Vision and Scope document includes data derived from market research & analysis, numbers, and trends to provide clients with an action plan.
  • SRS (Software Requirements and Specification) lists all tech specifications and functionality that are required for upcoming product development.
  • ERD diagram which illustrates business objects such as people/roles (e.g. end users), tangible business objects (e.g. product), intangible business objects (e.g. log), etc. Infrastructure diagrams show how these entities relate to each other within the system.
  • 3rd parties integration document describes in-details all necessary integrations including costs and additional comments. This document helps the client to decide on what services he really needs to be integrated with the product.
  • Design concept describes a future product through images, sketches, written statements which helps a client, designers and developers to stay on track all across the creative methods.
  • Prototype - an interactive model that looks and works just like an actual product and proves a concept.
  • Proposal - a strategic document with a step-by-step development plan and the estimation time/money for the future workflow.

How long does the project discovery phase last?

Typically, the discovery phase takes about 2 to 8 weeks.

The total length of the discovery phase depends on the project complexity and the level of expertise of the company that works on the discovery process. For instance, if we talk about developing a custom software product for an enterprise to automate in-house processes, the discovery phase in this case may take up to 1,5 month or even longer.

On the other hand, the discovery phase for digital products, which don’t require any complex technologies or integrations, in most cases takes less than a month.

Cost of the discovery phase

Generally, discovery phase cost takes up to 10-40% of the total project budget. A very simple discovery phase may cost about $5,000.

At SolveIt, the cost of a discovery phase starts around $7,500 and varies depending on the project complexity. We propose three tailored packages to various objectives: for startups, to build a product for business, and to develop custom software for business automation. There is also an option to craft and calculate custom project discovery phase.

The discovery phase, if it’s been worked through responsibly, becomes a powerful tool that shapes an idea into a detailed and well-structured plan of actions. This plan would even boost chances for any startup to get investments from a third party to proceed with the development.

What are the benefits of the discovery process?

1. clear goals and product vision.

Conducting thorough research, market and competitors analysis, gives valuable insights to the project team. All this helps the team at collecting information about the project to identify its vision, goals, and scope.

2. A deep understanding of the target market and user needs

This includes gathering information from potential users through surveys, interviews and usability testing, competitor and market analysis. An accurate understanding of the target audience's pain points helps to make decisions and develop a product that is tailored to user needs and market requirements. 

3. Detailed product architecture

The discovery phase aims to define specific goals that contribute to project success. A well-designed product architecture established during the discovery phase sets up a foundation for product scaling in the future. A detailed product architecture includes technical considerations, features, and specific product functionalities.

4. Defined technologies and seamless integrations

The project team carefully takes into consideration the project's technical requirements and objectives to define technologies that should be used in the development stage. Additionally, the discovery phase involves identifying and planning integrations with external systems or platforms.

5. Reduced development cost and less of a risk

The discovery phase reduces risks and development costs by providing a precise product description and minimizing changes during the development stage.  Project managers can assign the appropriate individuals to specific tasks within the project, taking into account the previous discussions and insights.  

6. Effective product roadmap

Product roadmap is one of the key deliverables produced during the discovery phase. This strategic plan includes product goals, features, assigned deadlines, prioritization and sequencing, dependencies and integrations, and a release plan.

What problems you may face if you skip discovery phase?

1. insufficient investment estimation.

Skipping the discovery phase can cause the problems of underestimating the necessary investments, resulting in financial challenges and potential budget overruns.

2. Changes in functionality and requirements

If your team decides to skip the discovery phase you should be ready for frequent changes and adjustments in functionality and requirements during the development stage. It can cause difficulties between the team and stakeholders

3. Unnecessary work

With thorough planning, a product roadmap, and the right objectives set up during the discovery phase, you have no risk of engaging in unnecessary work. However, skipping the discovery phase causes a product with no measurable and ending results. This leads to a never-ending scope of work.

4. Overused budget

The lack of in-depth understanding of project requirements and scope can result in greater expenses and exceeding the allocated budget. 

5. Market value risk    

To make a product succeed, make sure to validate your idea and how it aligns with your target audience needs. If the discovery phase is skipped, there is a high risk of developing a final product that no one needs.

why is the discovery phase important

Clients often tend to omit the discovery phase thinking that this stage is unimportant. In reality, when it comes down to practical work, the discovery process works incredibly well for getting the clearest product vision/strategy and obtaining a precise development plan with all necessary specifications already listed in there.

Discovery phase helps to dive into the development workflow with confidence knowing that all risks have been carefully thought through and minimized. Most importantly, the client is 100% sure that all processes connected to product development will stay within the budget and meet deadlines.

As of our development approach at SolveIt, it’s tied to the business needs of every client. Contact us for detailed information on our product discovery phase services!

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Discovery Phase FAQ

What is the discovery phase of a project.

The discovery phase refers to the initial stage of a software development project where the team conducts activities to identify and define the project's goals and objectives. During the discovery phase , the project team gathers relevant data and research to gain an understanding of the project's requirements, constraints, and potential opportunities. This information helps in clarifying the project's goals and scope, as well as identifying any potential challenges or limitations that may impact its successful implementation.

What happens if you skip the discovery phase?

Skipping the discovery phase of a project can have detrimental consequences. While it may be tempting to neglect this crucial step and jump straight into execution, it often leads to failure in the long run. Projects that lack structure or fail to identify the correct goals have higher chances of failure due to insufficient investigation. By skipping or rushing through the discovery phase, you put your entire project at risk.

How long does the discovery phase take?

The discovery phase can last anywhere from a few days to several weeks or even months. The duration of the discovery phase varies depending on factors such as project complexity and scope of work.

How much does a discovery phase cost ?

The range for discovery phase costs typically falls between $5,000 and $15,000. It's important to note that the price you need to pay for the discovery phase can vary based on factors such as the scope of work, the expertise required, and the extent of research and analysis involved. For instance, at SolveIt  the discovery phase for startups costs around $7,500, and there are different packages available.

Read more  https://solveit.dev/services/discovery-phase .

What are the steps in the discovery phase ?

The stages of the discovery phase can vary depending on the project and methodology. Generally, the discovery phase involves steps such as team creation,  requirements gathering, analysis and research, design, presentation, and deliverables. These stages help establish a project foundation, inform decision-making, and facilitate effective communication with stakeholders.

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Okeechobee 2023: DJ / Producer Competition

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Competition Info

Competition Begins: Monday, January 9, 2023 12:00 PM PT Competition Closes: Friday, February 3, 2023 11:59 PM PT

Insomniac’s Discovery Project was created to give a voice to emerging artists in the electronic music world. Aimed at cultivating the scene’s untapped talent, the platform strives to bring today’s fresh faces to light through editorial exposure, performance competitions, and a unique artist collective.

Hand-selected by the Insomniac team, Discovery Project competition winners are given an opportunity to showcase their talent onstage at multiple Insomniac festivals across the country. Online, our content portal provides valuable news and opinions geared to creators of all calibers, while the artist collective highlights the work and achievements of past and present Discovery artists.

Now is the time to Discover your true potential.

Enter now below for your chance to play this year at Okeechobee, selected by guest judge LSDREAM!

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Moscow major projects

Since launching modern Russia’s largest construction program in 2011, Moscow has more than doubled its territory. To catalyze the full potential of this rapidly-growing metropolitan area of 19.5 million people, the City of Moscow’s government pays significant attention to infrastructure as one of the key pillars of urban development—with a current focus on projects that create livable and comfortable urban spaces for both citizens and tourists.

Following its first five years of projects, Moscow was given special recognition for “demonstrating outstanding strategic commitment and ambition” by the International Association of Public Transport (UITP). That period saw 50 million square meters of real estate developed, 370 social infrastructure objects built, and the metro expanded by 30 percent—including 101 kilometers of metro lines and 55 new stations. Innovative finance solutions, necessitated by the city government’s debt-free approach to development, enabled all this whilst maintaining a budget surplus and remaining a net donor region within Russia.

On 30-31 May 2018, the City of Moscow and Mosinzhproekt—a large Russian engineering, construction and project management company—hosted an Innovation Site Visit to showcase Moscow’s major projects to the Global Infrastructure Initiative (GII) community. Through roundtable discussions and site visits with project executives, participants explored where innovation and technology have enabled the step-changes that have allowed Moscow to deliver major projects on a short timeline—and how to apply these lessons to other cities and major projects.

The following insights emerged during GII’s Innovation Site Visit in Moscow:

  • Establish a structure for citizen involvement. Major urban infrastructure projects are an extremely visible expenditure of taxpayer funds while also often being large disruptors of daily life. A foundation of citizen support is essential for success and requires a thoughtful engagement program. In Moscow, citizens are encouraged to participate in the planning process by steering major initiatives through the “Active Citizen” application—a portal for online referendums on topics appropriate for democratic decision-making. To date, almost 2 million citizens have cast more than 90 million votes on over 3,000 issues through the platform. The purpose of this structure is to increase the opportunity for citizen engagement and involvement with their city’s major investments.
  • Manage the disruption ‘cost’. Major urban projects cannot be delivered without disrupting daily life. While citizens can be enrolled to accept the disruption as a necessary investment for a better outcome, equal attention needs to be given to managing the disruption ‘cost’ as to managing real expenditures. For example, MyStreets, a project to upgrade and enhance Moscow’s urban environment through reconstruction of streets and building façades, was disruptive to many citizens and commuters. However, through staging and swift execution, the disruption was minimized and the intended lifestyle improvements were quickly delivered to Muscovites and tourists who traverse newly styled pedestrian streets every day.
  • Invest in technology to optimize sequencing. Moscow’s cohesive vision for urban transformation has allowed early investments in technology to assist future delivery. One of the first projects completed was the centrally-controlled traffic management system which can monitor traffic conditions and urban movement through more than 2,000 traffic cameras and 160,000 CCTV cameras installed across the city. Data collected on current conditions, and knowledge of planned activities, allows real-time rerouting of traffic through the city’s dynamic signage. It also allowed identification and analysis of permanent traffic flow changes that could further ease disruptions like those created by the major construction projects.
Moscow traffic speed increased over 13% in 201.
  • Maximize utility of brownfield sites. A key reason the Moscow Central Circle (MCC), a new light-rail system integrated into the Moscow Metro, was completed in a record four-year period was the repurposing of existing brownfield networks which allowed the installation of modern technology on existing rail transport routes. The MCC’s 31 new stations will revitalize formerly abandoned industrial areas when its next stage of development builds an expected 300,000+ square meters of hotels, 250,000+ square meters of retail, and 200,000+ square meters of offices. This will give districts with historically poor infrastructure access a chance to develop at the same pace as the rest of the city.
  • Leverage PPPs to enhance basic services. To manage public cost and investment while delivering world-class infrastructure, municipalities need access to additional financing tools. Based on a structure that took an act of federal legislation, the MCC is an example of enhancing publicly developed foundations with private services. The tracks and land are owned by the Moscow Metro, with the rolling stock subcontracted to Russian Railways under a life cycle contract with a guaranteed buyback. The innovation is that Moscow Metro is licensing the development rights of its individual stations to private investors. Though all stations will exist under the same covenants, individual investors will assume their station’s construction cost and operational risk and rewards.
  • Create citizen-centric spaces. In addition to serving as open spaces, today’s city residents expect their parks to provide for entertainment and consumer services too. Many modern parks offer architectural features, charismatic vistas, and social, educational, and artistic spaces for all ages. When Zaryadye Park, an area of prime real estate next to the Kremlin was converted to parkland, an international contest resulted in 10 hectares being densely designed for this multi-function purpose. The outcome was two concert venues, restaurants, a parking garage, an entertainment complex, and a biological education center, all neatly camouflaged into a natural landscape that represents Russia’s ecological diversity.
  • Innovate where needed but not excessively. Moscow’s planners and builders did not shy away from technological innovation. The MCC used weldless joint rails to create a smoother and quieter system that is easier on riders and less disruptive to residents living near the railway tracks. The retrofit designs for Luzhniki Stadium were fully modeled in building information management (BIM)—a step which identified more than 100,000 conflict points before they could escalate into project delays. However, the project teams were also careful not to force innovation where it could create unnecessary risk and complications. Instead, they delivered the massive project portfolio by tactically melding innovations with highly-proficient execution of well-known and proven methods.

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Astrophysics > Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics

Title: nasa exoplanet exploration program (exep) mission star list for the habitable worlds observatory (2023).

Abstract: The Astro 2020 Decadal Survey "Pathways to Discovery in Astronomy and Astrophysics for the 2020s" has recommended that "after a successful mission and technology maturation program, NASA should embark on a program to realize a mission to search for biosignatures from a robust number of about ~25 habitable zone planets and to be a transformative facility for general astrophysics," and prescribing that the high-contrast direct imaging mission would have "a target off-axis inscribed diameter of approximately 6 meters." The Decadal Survey assumed an exo-Earth frequency of ~25%, requiring that approximately 100 cumulative habitable zones of nearby stars should be surveyed. Surveying the nearby bright stars, and taking into account inputs from the LUVOIR and HabEx mission studies (but without being overly prescriptive in the required starlight suppression technology or requirements), we compile a list of 164 stars whose exo-Earths would be the most accessible for a systematic imaging survey of habitable zones with a 6-m-class space telescope in terms of angular separation, planet brightness in reflected light, and planet-star brightness ratio. We compile this star list to motivate observations and analysis to help inform observatory design (mission-enabling "precursor science") and enhance the science return of the Habitable Worlds Observatory (HWO) survey for exo-Earths (mission-enhancing "preparatory science"). It is anticipated that this list of target stars and their properties will be updated periodically by the NASA Exoplanet Exploration Program.

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Moscow Launches New Smart City District as a Living Lab

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  • Written by Eric Baldwin
  • Published on December 13, 2018

The government of Moscow has begun developing an existing district in the city to test nearly 30 new ‘smart’ technologies for urban development. Home to over 8,000 people, the district is testing ideas on smart lighting, smart waste management, and smart heating. The city intends to evaluate what impact technologies bring to residents and adjust its urban renewal plan once the pilot is complete.

When creating a smart district, cities tend to choose new, empty or even abandoned areas to build a district from a scratch, which is faster, easier and more cost-efficient. However, Moscow authorities made the decision to create one in an already existing neighborhood to bring top tech solutions. In April 2018, authorities began implementing technologies in selected buildings situated in Maryino district on the southeast of Moscow . The district includes seven apartment buildings with different years of construction from 1996 to 1998. Each residential building has a different construction type that gives an advantage to pilot the technologies under various conditions.

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Andrey Belozerov, Strategy and Innovations Adviser to CIO of Moscow explained: “We didn’t want to build a district from a scratch as a test bed far from real-world settings. Our aim was to test technologies in inhabited neighborhood so it allows us to see whether citizens get advantage of new technologies in their everyday tasks. When the pilot is completed we aim to adjust the city urban renewal plan, so Muscovites enjoy living in similar technology-savvy buildings around the city in the future”.

The smart district residents can access smart systems responsible for heating, lighting, and waste collection. In total selected residential buildings are equipped with twenty nine different smart technologies. As part of the project the first charging station for electric vehicles situated in residential district has been installed in Moscow – it has already become the most popular charging station for electric vehicles in the city. In addition, free Wi-Fi network is available on site. Each resident can install free mobile application to answer the house intercom when no one is around or open the door without a key. The project aims to improve quality of life and provide comfort and safety for residents.

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April 18, 2023 - Russia-Ukraine news

By Kathleen Magramo , Helen Regan , Jack Guy, Ed Upright, Aditi Sangal , Adrienne Vogt , Christina Maxouris, Tori B. Powell and Aya Elamroussi , CNN

Zelensky visits front lines in beleaguered town of Avdiivka in eastern Ukraine

From CNN's Olga Voitovych and Tim Lister

Ukraine's President Volodymyr Zelensky visits the front line in Avdiivka, Donetsk region, Ukraine, on April 18.

Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelensky visited the frontline town of Avdiivka, which is surrounded on three sides by Russian forces, according to the president’s office.

Zelensky's office said that he listened to the report of the commander of the Donetsk operational-tactical group and talked with the servicemen of the Marines, airborne assault, mechanized and artillery units.

According to his office, Zelensky told the soldiers:

"I have the honor to be here today, to thank you for your service, for defending our land, Ukraine, our families. Congratulations on the holidays, on Easter, I wish you only victory — this is what I wish for every Ukrainian, this is what is very important to all of us. I wish good health to all of you and your families, and I am sincerely grateful on behalf of every Ukrainian for the great path that you overcome every day."

Zelensky handed out military awards and, in turn, was presented with insignia from the 110th Separate Mechanized Brigade.

Zelensky also visited a hospital in the Donetsk region where Ukrainian soldiers are being treated and awarded medals to the injured troops.

Current status of Avdiivka: The town has seen intense fighting for months and is largely destroyed, although about 1,800 civilians still remain despite efforts to persuade them to leave.

There are no safe routes out of the town, but Ukrainian forces still control the routes to the west.

The town is under fire almost daily by Russian artillery, but Ukrainian defenses have largely held, despite marginal Russian advances to the north.

Wall Street Journal reporter's legal team had offered bail of $613,000 — but it was denied

From Anna Chernova

Lawyers Maria Korchagina and Tatiana Nozhkina talk to the media outside the Moscow City Court after a hearing to consider an appeal on the arrest of US journalist Evan Gershkovich, held on espionage charges, in Moscow on April 18, 2023. (Photo by NATALIA KOLESNIKOVA / AFP) (Photo by NATALIA KOLESNIKOVA/AFP via Getty Images)

The legal team for jailed Wall Street Journal reporter Evan Gershkovich says it offered bail amounting to about US $613,000 to the court to release the reporter from detention. The court denied bail. 

"We suggested that the court consider the choice of preventive measures not related to isolation from society, including house arrest, since Evan has a registration in the territory of Moscow; or a ban on certain actions; or a bail in the amount of 50 million rubles ($612,000)," Maria Korchagina said. "Dow Jones, the owner of the WSJ, provided a letter of guarantee that if Evan is released from custody, they are ready to provide bail in the amount of 50 million rubles. But our request was denied," she added.

When his decision was being read out in court, Gershkovich told the judge that he did not need the decision translated into English, “No no, I don’t need translation.”

Gershkovich is a bilingual Russian-English speaker.

The Moscow City Court also published an official statement on the decision.

“On April 18, 2023, the Moscow City Court upheld the decision of the Lefortovsky District Court of Moscow dated March 30, 2023 against Evan Gershkovich, who is suspected of committing a crime under Art. 276 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation,” it said.

US ambassador to Russia calls on Moscow to immediately release WSJ reporter

From CNN's Stephanie Halasz

US Ambassador to Russia Lynne Tracy waits in a hall of the Moscow City Court prior to a hearing to consider an appeal on the arrest of US journalist Evan Gershkovich in Moscow, Russia, on April 18.

After a Moscow City Court decided to uphold the terms of Wall Street Journal reporter Evan Gershkovich 's detention, US Ambassador to Russia Lynne Tracy called the charges "baseless" and urged Russia to "immediately release him.”

Tracy also said that she visited Gershkovich in prison yesterday and that he remains strong and is in good health.

Gershkovich was detained in late March and  formally charged with espionage . The US State Department has officially designated him as wrongfully detained by Russia.

Moscow City Court denies Gershkovich appeal

From CNN's Stephanie Halasz and Anna Chernova

Wall Street Journal reporter Evan Gershkovich stands in a glass cage in a courtroom at the Moscow City Court, in Moscow, Russia, on April 18.

The Moscow City Court has decided to uphold the terms of the detention of Wall Street Journal reporter Evan Gershkovich.

The US citizen appeared at the hearing on Tuesday to appeal the terms of his detention.

Gershkovich asked that his pre-trial detention be under house arrest rather than in jail.

"On April 18, 2023, the Moscow City Court upheld the decision of the Lefortovsky District Court of Moscow dated March 30, 2023 against Evan Gershkovich, who is suspected of committing a crime under Art. 276 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation," according to an official statement from the court.

US ambassador to Russia Lynne Tracy said she spoke to Gershkovich on Monday, and he remains strong and is in good health.

“The charges against Evan are baseless, and we call on the Russian Federation to immediately release him,” she said, speaking after the court made its ruling on Tuesday.

Lawyer for Gershkovich plans further appeal: Tatyana Nozkhkina, a lawyer for Gershkovich, told journalists outside the court that his team would continue to appeal.

“Most of you were present at the concluding part, and you saw that our appeal was denied, and, accordingly, for the time being, Evan will be staying in the pre-trial detention center," she said. "We will continue to further appeal this measure of restraint.”

The next hearing is scheduled for the end of May, Nozkhina said, when the court will decide whether to extend his detention.

Nozkhina said that Gershkovich is keeping in good spirits and reading Russian classic novels, as well as watching cooking shows on TV and exercising.

“He does not complain,” she said.

It's mid-afternoon in Kyiv. Here's what you need to know

From CNN staff

Jailed Wall Street Journal reporter Evan Gershkovich has appeared in court to appeal the terms of his detention in Russia.

Elsewhere, four Ukrainian civilians have been killed by Russian strikes in the past day, with almost 30 others injured.

Here are the latest headlines:

  • Jailed US reporter appears in court: Jailed Wall Street Journal reporter Evan Gershkovich is appearing at the Moscow City Court hearing to appeal the terms of his detention. US Secretary of State Antony Blinken has reiterated calls for his release.
  • Four civilians killed by Russian strikes: Four civilians have been killed and nearly 30 injured in the latest Russian artillery and missile attacks across the front lines in Ukraine, according to Ukrainian officials.
  • Russian attacks mostly unsuccessful: The commander of Ukraine’s land forces said that despite multiple assaults, Russian forces have failed to break through Ukrainian defenses along several parts of the front line where they have concentrated forces. 
  • Wagner chief threatens former fighters: Yevgeny Prigozhin, the head of Russia's Wagner private military company, has threatened retribution against two former Wagner fighters who claimed they had been ordered to commit atrocities against civilians in eastern Ukraine.
  • Putin visits occupied Ukraine: Russian President Vladimir Putin visited troops on Monday at a military base in Ukraine's southern Kherson region, which is partly held by Russia.
  • G7 warns Russia against unconventional weapons: G7 foreign ministers said Russia would be met with " severe consequences " for any use of chemical, biological or nuclear weapons, and that those supporting Russia in Ukraine would face "severe costs."

Four Ukrainian civilians killed in Russian attacks, officials say

From CNN's Tim Lister and Olga Voitovych

Four civilians have been killed and nearly 30 injured in the latest Russian artillery and missile attacks across the front lines in Ukraine, according to Ukrainian officials.

Kherson regional military administration said that one person was killed in Russian shelling of Kherson city center Tuesday, and nine were injured.

The city is frequently shelled by Russian forces based on the east bank of the Dnipro river.

Sloviansk, where 15 people were killed in a missile strike last Friday, again came under fire.

Pavlo Kyrylenko, head of Donetsk regional military administration said the Russians had used S-300 missiles and drones, damaging a number of buildings but causing no casualties.

Fighting continues around Avdiivka, Kyrylenko said, and one person had been wounded in Siversk, north of Bakhmut, which has been frequently bombarded as the Russians try to make further westward advances in Donetsk region.

The Ukrainian military said the Russians used attack aircraft in the Avdiivka area, which has become one of several hotspots along the frontline.

It listed nearly 20 settlements which it claimed had come under fire in that part of the front.

It said a similar number of places had been hit by Russian fire along front lines further south – in Zaporizhzhia, where the Russians “continue to conduct defensive actions.”

The Zaporizhzhia regional military administration said most of the strikes were by artillery fire, but said there had also been two air strikes.

Anatolii Kurtev, secretary of Zaporizhzhia city council, said the “contact line” was unchanged.

Jailed WSJ reporter Evan Gershkovich appears at Moscow court to appeal terms of detention

US journalist Evan Gershkovich stands inside a defendants' cage before a hearing to consider an appeal on his arrest at the Moscow City Court in Moscow, Russia, on April 18.

Jailed Wall Street Journal reporter Evan Gershkovich is appearing at the Moscow City Court hearing to appeal the terms of his detention.

He is asking that his pre-trial detention be under house arrest rather than in jail.

Gershkovich is standing in a glass cage, arms folded, standing up as journalists scramble in.

The US Ambassador to Russia Lynne Tracy is standing to the right of the cage with lawyers.

Gershkovich was detained in late March and  formally charged with espionage .

The US State Department has officially designated Gershkovich  as wrongfully detained by Russia.

Wagner chief threatens former fighters who claim to have been ordered to commit atrocities

From CNN's Tim Lister

Yevgeny Prigozhin, the owner of the Wagner Group military company, attends a funeral ceremony at the Troyekurovskoye cemetery in Moscow, Russia, on April 8.

Yevgeny Prigozhin, the head of Russia's Wagner private military company, has threatened retribution against two former Wagner fighters who claimed they had been ordered to commit atrocities against civilians in eastern Ukraine.

The two men appeared on a video made by Vladimir Osechkin, the founder of Gulagu.net, a human rights organization targeting corruption and torture in Russia.

Prigozhin confirmed on his Telegram channel that he had watched parts of the video.

“I can say the following: if at least one of these accusations against me is confirmed, I am ready to be held accountable according to any laws," he said.

“If none is confirmed, I will send a list of 30-40 people who are spitting at me like Osechkin ... that the Prosecutor General's Office of Ukraine is obligated to hand over to me for a 'fair trial,' so to speak.”

Prigozhin said the account was a "fragrant lie" and Wagner fighters "have never touched and do not touch" children.

Some context: Prigozhin was referring to video interviews with former Russian convicts Azamat Uldarov and Alexey Savichev – who were both pardoned by Russian presidential decrees last year, according to Gulagu.net.

Uldarov, who appears to have been drinking, details how he shot and killed a 5 or 6-year-old girl.

He called it: “A management decision. I wasn’t allowed to let anyone out alive, because my command was to kill anything in my way.”

CNN cannot independently verify their claims or identities in the videos but has obtained Russian penal documents showing they were released on presidential pardon in September and August 2022.

Read more here:

Two Russians claiming to be former Wagner commanders admit killing children and civilians in Ukraine | CNN

Two Russians claiming to be former Wagner commanders admit killing children and civilians in Ukraine | CNN

Putin asked for situation update during visit to troops in russian-occupied kherson, kremlin says.

From CNN's Tim Lister and Teele Rebane

Russian President Vladimir Putin disembarks a helicopter as he visits the headquarters of the "Dnieper" army group in the Kherson Region, Ukraine, in this still image taken from handout video released on April 18, 2023.

In video released by the Kremlin, Russian President Vladimir Putin’s convoy can be seen passing a sign that indicates he visited Henichesk, a town in southern Kherson that has become a headquarters for Russian forces.

Putin spoke with senior commanders about the situation in the south of Ukraine while he was there on Monday.

“I do not want to distract you from your direct duties related to command and control,” Putin said. “Therefore, we are working here in a business-like manner, briefly, but concretely.”

“It is important for me to hear your opinion on how the situation is developing, to listen to you, to exchange information. I would ask you to start your report with the situation in the Kherson direction, then in the Zaporozhzhia direction," he continued, according to the Kremlin.

Some context: Russian forces occupy parts of both regions and some analysts think the front will be the focus of a Ukrainian counter-offensive in the coming months.  

Airborne Forces: Putin also said that he had asked Mikhail Yuryevich Teplinsky, the head of Russia's Airborne Forces called the VDV, to "express his thoughts," adding that Teplinsky has been at the front line "for quite a long time and made a very detailed report.”

Until recently, Teplinsky was thought to have fallen out of favor with the Russian defense ministry, but UK intelligence suggested last week that he had been rehabilitated.

“Teplinsky is likely one of the few senior Russian generals widely respected by the rank-and-file... His recent turbulent career suggests intense tensions between factions within the Russian general staff about Russia’s military approach in Ukraine,” the UK Ministry of Defence said.

Teplinsky was in charge of the relatively successful withdrawal from west of the Dnipro River in November 2022 and had been " previously dismissed from the theatre in January," the UK Ministry of Defence added.

The Institute for the Study of War, a Washington-based analytical group, said that “Teplinsky remains highly unlikely to restore the VDV to its prior status as an elite force due to widespread losses to the most elite Russian units that are now being restaffed with poorly trained mobilized personnel.”

It said his reappearance “additionally suggests that the Russian military command is likely seeking to place an increased emphasis on the role of VDV elements in Russian offensive operations.”

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