homework studying time

An online Pomodoro Timer to boost your productivity

What is pomofocus.

Pomofocus is a customizable pomodoro timer that works on desktop & mobile browser. The aim of this app is to help you focus on any task you are working on, such as study, writing, or coding. This app is inspired by Pomodoro Technique which is a time management method developed by Francesco Cirillo.

What is Pomodoro Technique?

The Pomodoro Technique is created by Francesco Cirillo for a more productive way to work and study. The technique uses a timer to break down work into intervals, traditionally 25 minutes in length, separated by short breaks. Each interval is known as a pomodoro, from the Italian word for 'tomato', after the tomato-shaped kitchen timer that Cirillo used as a university student. - Wikipedia

How to use the Pomodoro Timer?

  • Add tasks to work on today
  • Set estimate pomodoros (1 = 25min of work) for each tasks
  • Select a task to work on
  • Start timer and focus on the task for 25 minutes
  • Take a break for 5 minutes when the alarm ring
  • Iterate 3-5 until you finish the tasks

Basic Features

  • Estimate Finish Time: Get an estimate of the time required to complete your daily tasks.
  • Add Templates: Save your repetitive tasks as templates and add them with just one click.
  • Visual Reports: See how much time you've focused each day, week, and month.
  • Custom Settings: Personalize your focus/break time, alarm sounds, background sounds, and more.

Premium Features

  • Add Projects: Track how much time you spend on each project.
  • Yearly Reports: View your focus hours for each year.
  • Download Reports: Download your focus history in CSV format.
  • No Template Limit: Save more than 3 templates.
  • Todoist Integration: Load tasks from your Todoist account.
  • Webhook Integration: Connect to other apps (Zapier, IFTTT, etc).
  • No Ads: Enjoy a clean and distraction-free app experience.

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More than two hours of homework may be counterproductive, research suggests.

Education scholar Denise Pope has found that too much homework has negative impacts on student well-being and behavioral engagement (Shutterstock)

A Stanford education researcher found that too much homework can negatively affect kids, especially their lives away from school, where family, friends and activities matter.   "Our findings on the effects of homework challenge the traditional assumption that homework is inherently good," wrote Denise Pope , a senior lecturer at the Stanford Graduate School of Education and a co-author of a study published in the Journal of Experimental Education .   The researchers used survey data to examine perceptions about homework, student well-being and behavioral engagement in a sample of 4,317 students from 10 high-performing high schools in upper-middle-class California communities. Along with the survey data, Pope and her colleagues used open-ended answers to explore the students' views on homework.   Median household income exceeded $90,000 in these communities, and 93 percent of the students went on to college, either two-year or four-year.   Students in these schools average about 3.1 hours of homework each night.   "The findings address how current homework practices in privileged, high-performing schools sustain students' advantage in competitive climates yet hinder learning, full engagement and well-being," Pope wrote.   Pope and her colleagues found that too much homework can diminish its effectiveness and even be counterproductive. They cite prior research indicating that homework benefits plateau at about two hours per night, and that 90 minutes to two and a half hours is optimal for high school.   Their study found that too much homework is associated with:   • Greater stress : 56 percent of the students considered homework a primary source of stress, according to the survey data. Forty-three percent viewed tests as a primary stressor, while 33 percent put the pressure to get good grades in that category. Less than 1 percent of the students said homework was not a stressor.   • Reductions in health : In their open-ended answers, many students said their homework load led to sleep deprivation and other health problems. The researchers asked students whether they experienced health issues such as headaches, exhaustion, sleep deprivation, weight loss and stomach problems.   • Less time for friends, family and extracurricular pursuits : Both the survey data and student responses indicate that spending too much time on homework meant that students were "not meeting their developmental needs or cultivating other critical life skills," according to the researchers. Students were more likely to drop activities, not see friends or family, and not pursue hobbies they enjoy.   A balancing act   The results offer empirical evidence that many students struggle to find balance between homework, extracurricular activities and social time, the researchers said. Many students felt forced or obligated to choose homework over developing other talents or skills.   Also, there was no relationship between the time spent on homework and how much the student enjoyed it. The research quoted students as saying they often do homework they see as "pointless" or "mindless" in order to keep their grades up.   "This kind of busy work, by its very nature, discourages learning and instead promotes doing homework simply to get points," said Pope, who is also a co-founder of Challenge Success , a nonprofit organization affiliated with the GSE that conducts research and works with schools and parents to improve students' educational experiences..   Pope said the research calls into question the value of assigning large amounts of homework in high-performing schools. Homework should not be simply assigned as a routine practice, she said.   "Rather, any homework assigned should have a purpose and benefit, and it should be designed to cultivate learning and development," wrote Pope.   High-performing paradox   In places where students attend high-performing schools, too much homework can reduce their time to foster skills in the area of personal responsibility, the researchers concluded. "Young people are spending more time alone," they wrote, "which means less time for family and fewer opportunities to engage in their communities."   Student perspectives   The researchers say that while their open-ended or "self-reporting" methodology to gauge student concerns about homework may have limitations – some might regard it as an opportunity for "typical adolescent complaining" – it was important to learn firsthand what the students believe.   The paper was co-authored by Mollie Galloway from Lewis and Clark College and Jerusha Conner from Villanova University.

Clifton B. Parker is a writer at the Stanford News Service .

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Adolescent girl doing homework.

What’s the Right Amount of Homework?

Decades of research show that homework has some benefits, especially for students in middle and high school—but there are risks to assigning too much.

Many teachers and parents believe that homework helps students build study skills and review concepts learned in class. Others see homework as disruptive and unnecessary, leading to burnout and turning kids off to school. Decades of research show that the issue is more nuanced and complex than most people think: Homework is beneficial, but only to a degree. Students in high school gain the most, while younger kids benefit much less.

The National PTA and the National Education Association support the “ 10-minute homework guideline ”—a nightly 10 minutes of homework per grade level. But many teachers and parents are quick to point out that what matters is the quality of the homework assigned and how well it meets students’ needs, not the amount of time spent on it.

The guideline doesn’t account for students who may need to spend more—or less—time on assignments. In class, teachers can make adjustments to support struggling students, but at home, an assignment that takes one student 30 minutes to complete may take another twice as much time—often for reasons beyond their control. And homework can widen the achievement gap, putting students from low-income households and students with learning disabilities at a disadvantage.

However, the 10-minute guideline is useful in setting a limit: When kids spend too much time on homework, there are real consequences to consider.

Small Benefits for Elementary Students

As young children begin school, the focus should be on cultivating a love of learning, and assigning too much homework can undermine that goal. And young students often don’t have the study skills to benefit fully from homework, so it may be a poor use of time (Cooper, 1989 ; Cooper et al., 2006 ; Marzano & Pickering, 2007 ). A more effective activity may be nightly reading, especially if parents are involved. The benefits of reading are clear: If students aren’t proficient readers by the end of third grade, they’re less likely to succeed academically and graduate from high school (Fiester, 2013 ).

For second-grade teacher Jacqueline Fiorentino, the minor benefits of homework did not outweigh the potential drawback of turning young children against school at an early age, so she experimented with dropping mandatory homework. “Something surprising happened: They started doing more work at home,” Fiorentino writes . “This inspiring group of 8-year-olds used their newfound free time to explore subjects and topics of interest to them.” She encouraged her students to read at home and offered optional homework to extend classroom lessons and help them review material.

Moderate Benefits for Middle School Students

As students mature and develop the study skills necessary to delve deeply into a topic—and to retain what they learn—they also benefit more from homework. Nightly assignments can help prepare them for scholarly work, and research shows that homework can have moderate benefits for middle school students (Cooper et al., 2006 ). Recent research also shows that online math homework, which can be designed to adapt to students’ levels of understanding, can significantly boost test scores (Roschelle et al., 2016 ).

There are risks to assigning too much, however: A 2015 study found that when middle school students were assigned more than 90 to 100 minutes of daily homework, their math and science test scores began to decline (Fernández-Alonso, Suárez-Álvarez, & Muñiz, 2015 ). Crossing that upper limit can drain student motivation and focus. The researchers recommend that “homework should present a certain level of challenge or difficulty, without being so challenging that it discourages effort.” Teachers should avoid low-effort, repetitive assignments, and assign homework “with the aim of instilling work habits and promoting autonomous, self-directed learning.”

In other words, it’s the quality of homework that matters, not the quantity. Brian Sztabnik, a veteran middle and high school English teacher, suggests that teachers take a step back and ask themselves these five questions :

  • How long will it take to complete?
  • Have all learners been considered?
  • Will an assignment encourage future success?
  • Will an assignment place material in a context the classroom cannot?
  • Does an assignment offer support when a teacher is not there?

More Benefits for High School Students, but Risks as Well

By the time they reach high school, students should be well on their way to becoming independent learners, so homework does provide a boost to learning at this age, as long as it isn’t overwhelming (Cooper et al., 2006 ; Marzano & Pickering, 2007 ). When students spend too much time on homework—more than two hours each night—it takes up valuable time to rest and spend time with family and friends. A 2013 study found that high school students can experience serious mental and physical health problems, from higher stress levels to sleep deprivation, when assigned too much homework (Galloway, Conner, & Pope, 2013 ).

Homework in high school should always relate to the lesson and be doable without any assistance, and feedback should be clear and explicit.

Teachers should also keep in mind that not all students have equal opportunities to finish their homework at home, so incomplete homework may not be a true reflection of their learning—it may be more a result of issues they face outside of school. They may be hindered by issues such as lack of a quiet space at home, resources such as a computer or broadband connectivity, or parental support (OECD, 2014 ). In such cases, giving low homework scores may be unfair.

Since the quantities of time discussed here are totals, teachers in middle and high school should be aware of how much homework other teachers are assigning. It may seem reasonable to assign 30 minutes of daily homework, but across six subjects, that’s three hours—far above a reasonable amount even for a high school senior. Psychologist Maurice Elias sees this as a common mistake: Individual teachers create homework policies that in aggregate can overwhelm students. He suggests that teachers work together to develop a school-wide homework policy and make it a key topic of back-to-school night and the first parent-teacher conferences of the school year.

Parents Play a Key Role

Homework can be a powerful tool to help parents become more involved in their child’s learning (Walker et al., 2004 ). It can provide insights into a child’s strengths and interests, and can also encourage conversations about a child’s life at school. If a parent has positive attitudes toward homework, their children are more likely to share those same values, promoting academic success.

But it’s also possible for parents to be overbearing, putting too much emphasis on test scores or grades, which can be disruptive for children (Madjar, Shklar, & Moshe, 2015 ). Parents should avoid being overly intrusive or controlling—students report feeling less motivated to learn when they don’t have enough space and autonomy to do their homework (Orkin, May, & Wolf, 2017 ; Patall, Cooper, & Robinson, 2008 ; Silinskas & Kikas, 2017 ). So while homework can encourage parents to be more involved with their kids, it’s important to not make it a source of conflict.

Learning Center

Studying 101: Study Smarter Not Harder

Do you ever feel like your study habits simply aren’t cutting it? Do you wonder what you could be doing to perform better in class and on exams? Many students realize that their high school study habits aren’t very effective in college. This is understandable, as college is quite different from high school. The professors are less personally involved, classes are bigger, exams are worth more, reading is more intense, and classes are much more rigorous. That doesn’t mean there’s anything wrong with you; it just means you need to learn some more effective study skills. Fortunately, there are many active, effective study strategies that are shown to be effective in college classes.

This handout offers several tips on effective studying. Implementing these tips into your regular study routine will help you to efficiently and effectively learn course material. Experiment with them and find some that work for you.

Reading is not studying

Simply reading and re-reading texts or notes is not actively engaging in the material. It is simply re-reading your notes. Only ‘doing’ the readings for class is not studying. It is simply doing the reading for class. Re-reading leads to quick forgetting.

Think of reading as an important part of pre-studying, but learning information requires actively engaging in the material (Edwards, 2014). Active engagement is the process of constructing meaning from text that involves making connections to lectures, forming examples, and regulating your own learning (Davis, 2007). Active studying does not mean highlighting or underlining text, re-reading, or rote memorization. Though these activities may help to keep you engaged in the task, they are not considered active studying techniques and are weakly related to improved learning (Mackenzie, 1994).

Ideas for active studying include:

  • Create a study guide by topic. Formulate questions and problems and write complete answers. Create your own quiz.
  • Become a teacher. Say the information aloud in your own words as if you are the instructor and teaching the concepts to a class.
  • Derive examples that relate to your own experiences.
  • Create concept maps or diagrams that explain the material.
  • Develop symbols that represent concepts.
  • For non-technical classes (e.g., English, History, Psychology), figure out the big ideas so you can explain, contrast, and re-evaluate them.
  • For technical classes, work the problems and explain the steps and why they work.
  • Study in terms of question, evidence, and conclusion: What is the question posed by the instructor/author? What is the evidence that they present? What is the conclusion?

Organization and planning will help you to actively study for your courses. When studying for a test, organize your materials first and then begin your active reviewing by topic (Newport, 2007). Often professors provide subtopics on the syllabi. Use them as a guide to help organize your materials. For example, gather all of the materials for one topic (e.g., PowerPoint notes, text book notes, articles, homework, etc.) and put them together in a pile. Label each pile with the topic and study by topics.

For more information on the principle behind active studying, check out our tipsheet on metacognition .

Understand the Study Cycle

The Study Cycle , developed by Frank Christ, breaks down the different parts of studying: previewing, attending class, reviewing, studying, and checking your understanding. Although each step may seem obvious at a glance, all too often students try to take shortcuts and miss opportunities for good learning. For example, you may skip a reading before class because the professor covers the same material in class; doing so misses a key opportunity to learn in different modes (reading and listening) and to benefit from the repetition and distributed practice (see #3 below) that you’ll get from both reading ahead and attending class. Understanding the importance of all stages of this cycle will help make sure you don’t miss opportunities to learn effectively.

Spacing out is good

One of the most impactful learning strategies is “distributed practice”—spacing out your studying over several short periods of time over several days and weeks (Newport, 2007). The most effective practice is to work a short time on each class every day. The total amount of time spent studying will be the same (or less) than one or two marathon library sessions, but you will learn the information more deeply and retain much more for the long term—which will help get you an A on the final. The important thing is how you use your study time, not how long you study. Long study sessions lead to a lack of concentration and thus a lack of learning and retention.

In order to spread out studying over short periods of time across several days and weeks, you need control over your schedule . Keeping a list of tasks to complete on a daily basis will help you to include regular active studying sessions for each class. Try to do something for each class each day. Be specific and realistic regarding how long you plan to spend on each task—you should not have more tasks on your list than you can reasonably complete during the day.

For example, you may do a few problems per day in math rather than all of them the hour before class. In history, you can spend 15-20 minutes each day actively studying your class notes. Thus, your studying time may still be the same length, but rather than only preparing for one class, you will be preparing for all of your classes in short stretches. This will help focus, stay on top of your work, and retain information.

In addition to learning the material more deeply, spacing out your work helps stave off procrastination. Rather than having to face the dreaded project for four hours on Monday, you can face the dreaded project for 30 minutes each day. The shorter, more consistent time to work on a dreaded project is likely to be more acceptable and less likely to be delayed to the last minute. Finally, if you have to memorize material for class (names, dates, formulas), it is best to make flashcards for this material and review periodically throughout the day rather than one long, memorization session (Wissman and Rawson, 2012). See our handout on memorization strategies to learn more.

It’s good to be intense

Not all studying is equal. You will accomplish more if you study intensively. Intensive study sessions are short and will allow you to get work done with minimal wasted effort. Shorter, intensive study times are more effective than drawn out studying.

In fact, one of the most impactful study strategies is distributing studying over multiple sessions (Newport, 2007). Intensive study sessions can last 30 or 45-minute sessions and include active studying strategies. For example, self-testing is an active study strategy that improves the intensity of studying and efficiency of learning. However, planning to spend hours on end self-testing is likely to cause you to become distracted and lose your attention.

On the other hand, if you plan to quiz yourself on the course material for 45 minutes and then take a break, you are much more likely to maintain your attention and retain the information. Furthermore, the shorter, more intense sessions will likely put the pressure on that is needed to prevent procrastination.

Silence isn’t golden

Know where you study best. The silence of a library may not be the best place for you. It’s important to consider what noise environment works best for you. You might find that you concentrate better with some background noise. Some people find that listening to classical music while studying helps them concentrate, while others find this highly distracting. The point is that the silence of the library may be just as distracting (or more) than the noise of a gymnasium. Thus, if silence is distracting, but you prefer to study in the library, try the first or second floors where there is more background ‘buzz.’

Keep in mind that active studying is rarely silent as it often requires saying the material aloud.

Problems are your friend

Working and re-working problems is important for technical courses (e.g., math, economics). Be able to explain the steps of the problems and why they work.

In technical courses, it is usually more important to work problems than read the text (Newport, 2007). In class, write down in detail the practice problems demonstrated by the professor. Annotate each step and ask questions if you are confused. At the very least, record the question and the answer (even if you miss the steps).

When preparing for tests, put together a large list of problems from the course materials and lectures. Work the problems and explain the steps and why they work (Carrier, 2003).

Reconsider multitasking

A significant amount of research indicates that multi-tasking does not improve efficiency and actually negatively affects results (Junco, 2012).

In order to study smarter, not harder, you will need to eliminate distractions during your study sessions. Social media, web browsing, game playing, texting, etc. will severely affect the intensity of your study sessions if you allow them! Research is clear that multi-tasking (e.g., responding to texts, while studying), increases the amount of time needed to learn material and decreases the quality of the learning (Junco, 2012).

Eliminating the distractions will allow you to fully engage during your study sessions. If you don’t need your computer for homework, then don’t use it. Use apps to help you set limits on the amount of time you can spend at certain sites during the day. Turn your phone off. Reward intensive studying with a social-media break (but make sure you time your break!) See our handout on managing technology for more tips and strategies.

Switch up your setting

Find several places to study in and around campus and change up your space if you find that it is no longer a working space for you.

Know when and where you study best. It may be that your focus at 10:00 PM. is not as sharp as at 10:00 AM. Perhaps you are more productive at a coffee shop with background noise, or in the study lounge in your residence hall. Perhaps when you study on your bed, you fall asleep.

Have a variety of places in and around campus that are good study environments for you. That way wherever you are, you can find your perfect study spot. After a while, you might find that your spot is too comfortable and no longer is a good place to study, so it’s time to hop to a new spot!

Become a teacher

Try to explain the material in your own words, as if you are the teacher. You can do this in a study group, with a study partner, or on your own. Saying the material aloud will point out where you are confused and need more information and will help you retain the information. As you are explaining the material, use examples and make connections between concepts (just as a teacher does). It is okay (even encouraged) to do this with your notes in your hands. At first you may need to rely on your notes to explain the material, but eventually you’ll be able to teach it without your notes.

Creating a quiz for yourself will help you to think like your professor. What does your professor want you to know? Quizzing yourself is a highly effective study technique. Make a study guide and carry it with you so you can review the questions and answers periodically throughout the day and across several days. Identify the questions that you don’t know and quiz yourself on only those questions. Say your answers aloud. This will help you to retain the information and make corrections where they are needed. For technical courses, do the sample problems and explain how you got from the question to the answer. Re-do the problems that give you trouble. Learning the material in this way actively engages your brain and will significantly improve your memory (Craik, 1975).

Take control of your calendar

Controlling your schedule and your distractions will help you to accomplish your goals.

If you are in control of your calendar, you will be able to complete your assignments and stay on top of your coursework. The following are steps to getting control of your calendar:

  • On the same day each week, (perhaps Sunday nights or Saturday mornings) plan out your schedule for the week.
  • Go through each class and write down what you’d like to get completed for each class that week.
  • Look at your calendar and determine how many hours you have to complete your work.
  • Determine whether your list can be completed in the amount of time that you have available. (You may want to put the amount of time expected to complete each assignment.) Make adjustments as needed. For example, if you find that it will take more hours to complete your work than you have available, you will likely need to triage your readings. Completing all of the readings is a luxury. You will need to make decisions about your readings based on what is covered in class. You should read and take notes on all of the assignments from the favored class source (the one that is used a lot in the class). This may be the textbook or a reading that directly addresses the topic for the day. You can likely skim supplemental readings.
  • Pencil into your calendar when you plan to get assignments completed.
  • Before going to bed each night, make your plan for the next day. Waking up with a plan will make you more productive.

See our handout on calendars and college for more tips on using calendars as time management.

Use downtime to your advantage

Beware of ‘easy’ weeks. This is the calm before the storm. Lighter work weeks are a great time to get ahead on work or to start long projects. Use the extra hours to get ahead on assignments or start big projects or papers. You should plan to work on every class every week even if you don’t have anything due. In fact, it is preferable to do some work for each of your classes every day. Spending 30 minutes per class each day will add up to three hours per week, but spreading this time out over six days is more effective than cramming it all in during one long three-hour session. If you have completed all of the work for a particular class, then use the 30 minutes to get ahead or start a longer project.

Use all your resources

Remember that you can make an appointment with an academic coach to work on implementing any of the strategies suggested in this handout.

Works consulted

Carrier, L. M. (2003). College students’ choices of study strategies. Perceptual and Motor Skills, 96 (1), 54-56.

Craik, F. I., & Tulving, E. (1975). Depth of processing and the retention of words in episodic memory. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 104 (3), 268.

Davis, S. G., & Gray, E. S. (2007). Going beyond test-taking strategies: Building self-regulated students and teachers. Journal of Curriculum and Instruction, 1 (1), 31-47.

Edwards, A. J., Weinstein, C. E., Goetz, E. T., & Alexander, P. A. (2014). Learning and study strategies: Issues in assessment, instruction, and evaluation. Elsevier.

Junco, R., & Cotten, S. R. (2012). No A 4 U: The relationship between multitasking and academic performance. Computers & Education, 59 (2), 505-514.

Mackenzie, A. M. (1994). Examination preparation, anxiety and examination performance in a group of adult students. International Journal of Lifelong Education, 13 (5), 373-388.

McGuire, S.Y. & McGuire, S. (2016). Teach Students How to Learn: Strategies You Can Incorporate in Any Course to Improve Student Metacognition, Study Skills, and Motivation. Stylus Publishing, LLC.

Newport, C. (2006). How to become a straight-a student: the unconventional strategies real college students use to score high while studying less. Three Rivers Press.

Paul, K. (1996). Study smarter, not harder. Self Counsel Press.

Robinson, A. (1993). What smart students know: maximum grades, optimum learning, minimum time. Crown trade paperbacks.

Wissman, K. T., Rawson, K. A., & Pyc, M. A. (2012). How and when do students use flashcards? Memory, 20, 568-579.

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If you enjoy using our handouts, we appreciate contributions of acknowledgement.

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How to Make a Better Homework Schedule for Your Family

Verywell / Zackary Angeline

Why Homework Schedules Are Effective

  • Developing a Schedule

Other Considerations

Do you frequently have homework struggles with your child or teen? Or, does your student procrastinate doing their work? Maybe they even fail to turn in assignments. If any of these scenarios resonate with you, a better homework schedule may help.

A regular homework schedule establishes predictable times when homework is to be completed. Once the homework schedule has been in place for a few weeks, you may even find your child will begin doing their homework without needing to be reminded—although you may still need to monitor their work progress.

If you're struggling with homework completion in your household, or if you're having daily battles about allotting the appropriate amount of time to homework, you're not alone. That's why educators recommend developing a homework schedule—with input from your kids.

Once you set a homework schedule, then there are no questions about when the work will be done. It also communicates clear expectations; having a homework schedule helps kids understand what is required of them. And following the schedule encourages them to develop a good work ethic.

Schedules also help prevent procrastination and instill good habits like completing work on time. Homework routines also improve study skills and encourage kids to plan ahead.

Other benefits include developing your child's work ethic and organizational abilities. By helping your child complete their work at regular intervals, you are modeling how to manage time and projects in the future. When you send them off to college , they will know how to pace their work so they can avoid all-nighters at the end of the semester.

How to Develop a Homework Schedule

To develop a homework schedule, start by talking with your kids. Get their input on how they would like to manage their time and incorporate their homework into their daily routine. A successful homework schedule allows kids to finish their work and also have some free time.

Give Kids an Option

If you ask kids when they want to do their homework, their first answer might be "Never" or "Later." But if you dig a little deeper, your child may tell you what matters to them as they plan their schedule. This information will help you avoid scheduling homework during their favorite television program or when they usually get online to play games with friends.

When you include your child in the decision-making process, you also will get more buy-in from them because they know that their concerns were heard. You don't have to give them their way, but at least considering what they have to say will let them feel included. After all, this homework schedule is about them completing their homework.

Allow for Free Time

Some kids can step through the front door and buckle down on their homework right away. When this happens, they reap the reward of getting their work done early and having the rest of the evening to do what they want. But most kids need to eat and decompress a bit before tackling their assignments.

As you develop your homework schedule, keep in mind your child has already spent at least six hours in class. And this time doesn't include getting to and from school or participation in extracurricular programs . Allow kids some free time before beginning their homework if that's what they need to unwind.

Establish a Timeline

Generally, you can expect about 10 minutes of homework per grade level of school. This means that a third-grade student will need about 30 minutes to complete homework. However, the amount of time needed can vary dramatically between students, teachers, and schools.

Find out how much time your child's teacher expects homework to take each evening. If your child takes a lot of time to complete their work or struggles with homework , talk with the teacher. Your child may need extra instruction on a task or tutoring assistance—or fewer homework assignments.

Pick a Homework Spot

Designate a comfortable and efficient spot for your kids to do their homework. This workspace should be well-lit, stocked with supplies , and quiet. The workspace should allow you to provide some supervision. 

If you have multiple kids trying to complete their homework at one time, you may want to find a separate location for each child. Sometimes kids can complete their homework together at the kitchen table, but other times having siblings around can be distracting. Do what works best for your family.

Put It All Together

Now that you know what your child's needs and concerns are for finding a time to do homework, you need to come up with the actual plan. Creating a homework routine is really just one piece of creating a daily school year routine .

For the homework time itself, get it down on paper so you can see exactly what they will be doing and when they will be doing it. Do this for each day of the week if you have different activities on different weekdays. Students who are assigned larger projects will need to review their homework plans regularly to make adjustments as needed.

Expect your child to work consistently throughout the assigned time. Avoid having multiple homework sessions, such as one before dinner and a second one after dinner. Starting and stopping may mean children may spend more time getting into what they are doing than working continuously.

Be Consistent

Once you have decided on a time to do homework, stick to the plan! It usually takes about three weeks for most children to really get into the habit of their new schedule.

If your child or teen has difficulty maintaining concentration for the length of time that their homework should take, then you may want to carefully consider breaking up the work to take advantage of the time when your child can focus.

This added step is especially important for children and teens with depression or attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). They may benefit from multiple smaller work sessions and more frequent breaks.

Even though the idea behind creating a homework schedule is to get your child to work consistently and independently, you may need to look over their work when they are done. This is especially important for younger children.

Make sure they understand their assignments and that they completed a reasonable amount of work during the homework session. If you find your child is having trouble actually working during their homework time, troubleshoot to find out what might be the issue. Sometimes kids need extra help and other times they simply need more motivation to get their work done.

If you find that your child continues to struggle with homework even with a schedule in place, you might need to dig a little deeper. Consider discussing your child's issues with their teacher or pediatrician.

Sometimes kids are reluctant to complete their homework because of undiagnosed learning disabilities. It could be that your child struggles with reading comprehension or has a processing disorder. Or it could be that your child is struggling with a mental health issue like anxiety .

A Word From Verywell

Establishing a homework schedule allows children to build some important life skills that will help them as they navigate high school, college, and eventually the workforce. Practice is important when kids are learning new skills. So, having a nightly homework routine enhances your child's learning. Just be sure you aren't requiring homework time at the expense of being a kid. Having time to play is just as important to a child's development as learning new material.

National Institute of Mental Health. Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder .

By Lisa Linnell-Olsen Lisa Linnell-Olsen has worked as a support staff educator, and is well-versed in issues of education policy and parenting issues.

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10 Ways to Maximize Your Study Time

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When you're trying to really learn something for a test like a midterm or final exam , but you don't have 14 hours of study time to get in prior to your test, how in the world do you commit everything to memory? It starts with maximizing your study time. Many people study in truly ineffective ways. They choose a poor study spot , allow themselves to be disrupted time and time again, and fail to focus with laser-like precision on the task at hand. Don't waste the precious little time you have before your test! Follow these 10 tips to maximize your study time so you utilize every second learning as much as is possible. 

Set a Study Goal

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What is it that you're actually trying to accomplish? How will you know if you're done studying? You need to set a goal so you can answer those questions. If you’ve been given a study guide, then your goal could simply be to learn everything on the guide. You'll know if you've achieved it when a friend asks you all the questions and you can answer those questions eloquently and completely. If you haven't received a guide, then perhaps your goal will be to outline the chapters and explain the key ideas to someone else or be able to write out a summary from memory. Whatever you're trying to achieve, get it on paper so you will have proof you've accomplished your task. Don't stop until you've met your goal.

Set a Timer for 45 Minutes

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You'll learn more if you study in segments with short breaks in between. An ideal length is 45-50 minutes on task and 5-10 minutes off task between those study times. A range of 45 to 50 minutes gives you enough time to dig deep into your studies, and five- to 10-minute breaks allow you enough time to regroup. Use those short mental breaks to check in with family members, grab a snack, use the restroom or just hop on social media to reconnect with friends. You'll prevent burnout by giving yourself that reward of a break. But, once that break is over, get back at it. Be strict with yourself on that time frame!

Shut Off Your Phone

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You do not need to be on call for the 45 minute increments that you'll be studying. Shut off your phone so you're not tempted to respond to that text or call. Remember that you will be getting a short break in just 45 minutes and you can check your voicemail and texts then if need be. Avoid ​ external and internal study distractions . You are worth the time you'll be devoting to this task and nothing else is as important at this very moment. You must convince yourself of this in order to truly maximize your study time.

Put Up a "Do Not Disturb" Sign

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If you live in a bustling house or busy dorm, then the chances of you being left alone to study are slim. And maintaining laser-like focus during a study session is incredibly important to your success. So, lock yourself in your room and put a "Do Not Disturb" sign on your door. It will make your friends or family think twice before barging in to ask about dinner or inviting you to watch a movie.

Turn on White Noise

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If you're really easily distracted, plug into a white noise app or go to a site like SimplyNoise.com and utilize the white noise to your advantage. You'll block out distractions even more to focus on the task at hand.

Sit at a Desk or Table to Organize and Read Content

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At the beginning of your study session, you should be seated at a table or desk with your material in front of you. Find all your notes, pull up any research you need to look at online, and open up your book. Get a highlighter, your laptop, pencils, and erasers. You'll be taking notes, underlining, and reading effectively during study time, and these tasks are most easily accomplished at a desk. You won't be sitting here the whole time, but you definitely need to start here. 

Break Down Large Topics or Chapters Into Smaller Segments

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If you have seven chapters to review, then it's best to go for them one at a time. You can get really overwhelmed if you have a ton of content to learn, but if you start with just one small piece, and focus solely on mastering that one part, you won't feel quite as stressed.

Attack the Content in Several Ways

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To really learn something, not just cram it in for the test , you need to go after the content using a few different brain pathways. What does that look like? Try reading the chapter silently, then summarizing it aloud. Or draw little pictures related to the content next to important ideas to utilize that creative side. Sing a song to remember dates or long lists, then write out the list. If you mix up the way you learn, attacking the same idea from all angles, you'll forge pathways that will help you remember the information on test day.

Get Active When Quizzing Yourself

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When you've mastered the information, then get up, and prepare to get moving. Grab a tennis ball and bounce it on the floor every time you ask yourself a question, or walk around the room as someone quizzes you. According to a Forbes interview with Jack Groppel, a Ph.D. in exercise physiology, "research shows that the more you move, the more oxygen and blood flow to the brain, and the better you solve problems." You'll remember more if your body is in motion.

Summarize the Most Important Facts and Key Ideas

When you're finished studying, take a clean sheet of notebook paper and write out 10-20 key ideas or important facts you need to remember for your test. Put everything into your own words, then double-check your book or notes to ensure you've gotten them correct. Doing this quick recap at the end of your study session will help cement the most important facts in your head.

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Here’s the Best Study Routine (Day & Night with Sample Schedule)

Let’s face it: your search history is probably filled with queries like “best study techniques” or “how to focus better.” Most of what you find is either too generic or not tailored to your learning style. We’re here to offer something more substantial — a scientifically-backed guide to crafting the best study routine. Let’s dive in!

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Table of Contents

How to Make a Study Routine

  • Sample Study Routines (Day & Night)

Best Techniques for Your Study Routine

Creating an effective study routine isn’t a one-size-fits-all approach. Here’s a breakdown to help you tailor a study routine to your unique schedule and academic needs.

  • Evaluate your schedule: Before building your study routine, closely examine your daily schedule and commitments. When do your classes start and end? Do you have any extracurricular activities? Do you have to work after class? By understanding your daily schedule, you can create a more personalized study routine.
  • Set realistic goals: Have you ever told yourself that you’d finish reading 10 chapters of your textbook in a single all-nighter? You’re not alone in falling into this lie countless times. That’s why breaking down larger academic goals into smaller, achievable tasks is a must. You need to be able to set specific and realistic goals for each study session.
  • Plan study blocks: After being honest with yourself about your goals, decide how many hours a day you would dedicate to studying. It could be as short or as long as you want — as long as you guarantee that you can maximize your study time. The quality of your learning is more important than the quantity or amount of hours you put into studying!
  • Create a distraction-free environment: Spending 10 hours studying is useless if it’s broken up scrolling through social media. Because of this, it is important to minimize distractions during your study sessions. You can do this by finding a quiet, clutter-free space where you can concentrate fully. Turn off your phone and use website blockers like Cold Turkey to maximize productivity.
  • Organize your study materials : A well-organized set of resources can save you time and stress. Check out our post on the best Notion templates for students for some inspiration.
  • Prioritize sleep and schedule: Studying is important, but so is your physical health! Your cognitive abilities are directly linked to your wellbeing. Make sure you get enough sleep and fit in some physical activity to keep your mind sharp.
  • Stay consistent: If you start committing to your planned study schedule as much as possible, it’ll eventually become second nature and make it quicker to dive into a state of deep focus every time.
  • Be flexible: Life happens, and things don’t always go as planned — and that’s okay! It just means that your routine might need adjustments from time to time. Don’t be too hard on yourself, and learn to adapt to changes in your schedule. If you accidentally missed a study session, relax and just pick up where you left off.

Sample Study Routines to Follow

Morning & afternoon study routine.

If you’re an early riser who enjoys soaking up the morning sun, a daytime study routine is perfect for you. Studying in the morning has the added advantage of being in line with our natural body clock since alertness is at its peak in the morning and early afternoon.

Here’s a sample schedule that you can follow:

  • 5:30 AM – 6:15 AM: Rise and shine! Kick-start your day with a healthy breakfast. You can also try to engage in a short meditation or stretching session to feel more awake.
  • 6:15 AM – 6:30 AM: Grab a pen and paper or your digital notepad so that you can set your study goals for the day and specific tasks you need to accomplish.
  • 6:30 AM – 7:30 AM: Time to exercise! You can do any form of physical activity, from light cardio (like walking) to lifting weights in the gym.
  • 7:30 AM – 9:30 AM: First study block (or attend your classes). Start your timer: 25-minute study with a 5-minute break, repeat 4x, then a long break — or use a timer that automatically does it for you .
  • 9:30 AM – 10:00 AM: Take an extended break. Stretch, grab a snack, and breathe some fresh air. Look away from your screen to minimize eye strain.
  • 10:00 AM – 12:00 PM: Second study block (or attend your classes). Start your timer and finish another full Pomodoro session (25-minute study with a 5-minute break, repeat 4x, then a long break).
  • 12:00 PM – 1:00 PM: Lunch break! This is the perfect time to refuel your body with nourishing food and prep for your afternoon study session.
  • 1:00 PM – 3:00 PM : Third study block (or attend your classes). Don’t forget to use techniques like active recall and mind mapping (more on that below) to reinforce the concepts you learned in the morning.
  • 3:00 PM – 3:30 PM: Time for another extended break. Why not walk to a nearby café for a change of scenery, or go to a virtual café ?
  • 3:30 PM – 5:30 PM: Final study block (or attend your classes). Use this final session to consolidate your learning and list areas requiring further attention.
  • 5:30 PM – 9:30 PM: Free time! Reward yourself by unwinding and relaxing after a productive day. Pursue your hobbies, spend time with friends and family, or watch a movie .
  • 9:30 PM – 5:30 AM: Get a good night’s rest to feel fully recharged the next day!

Nighttime Study Routine

Not everyone is made for a daytime study routine. You might just feel more productive at night, or maybe you’ve got daytime commitments like a job or other extracurricular activities. If you’re a night owl and not an early riser, give this sample nighttime study routine a whirl:

  • 5:00 PM – 6:00 PM: Boost your energy with a late-day workout. This will help set your mood for your upcoming study session.
  • 6:00 PM – 6:15 PM: Grab a pen and paper or your digital notepad to set your study goals for the night and specific tasks you need to accomplish.
  • 6:15 PM – 8:15 PM: First study block. Start your timer and finish a full Pomodoro session (25-minute study with a 5-minute break, repeat 4x, then a long break). Try starting with lighter subjects first to ease yourself into the night.
  • 8:15 PM – 9:00 PM: Dinner time! Have a nutritious meal to fuel yourself for the long night ahead.
  • 9:00 PM – 11:00 PM: Second study block. Start your timer and finish another full Pomodoro session.
  • 11:00 PM – 11:30 PM: Take an extended break. You can even take a power nap if you want to. Just make sure to set an alarm to avoid oversleeping!
  • 11:30 PM – 1:30 AM: Third study block. Start your timer and finish another full Pomodoro session. Try switching to a different subject to keep things interesting!
  • 1:30 AM – 2:00 AM: Relax and recharge for a while. Don’t forget to stay hydrated and have a light snack if you want to.
  • 2:00 AM – 4:00 AM: Final study block. Review the material you studied during the whole night. Why not try to use the Feynman technique to test your learning? (check it out below)
  • 4:00 AM – 12:00 PM: Go to bed and make sure you get at least 7-8 hours of sleep. Make sure to turn off your devices and create a relaxing bedtime routine.
  • 12:00 PM – 1:00 PM: Time to wake up! Sustain your body’s needs by eating your first meal of the day.
  • 1:00 PM – 5:00 PM: Free time! Ideally, you should engage in activities to help unwind and clear your mind. You should also eat your second meal of the day during this period.

With a general framework in place and some sample routines to try, let’s explore some scientifically-backed techniques to enhance your study routine.

Pomodoro Technique

The Pomodoro Technique is a time-tested and community favorite strategy that breaks your study time into 25 minute intervals, followed by short breaks. It helps your brain stay focused and reduces fatigue.

Luckily, you can use dedicated free Pomodoro-focused tools like Flocus to automatically switch between study and break periods instead of winding up a manual timer for each interval.

Don’t know what to do during your study breaks? Here are some Pomodoro break ideas . Also, if you think that the Pomodoro technique isn’t for you, we’ve rounded up some of the best Pomodoro alternatives to try.

Active Recall

Active recall beats passive learning hands down. Instead of simply reading through material, this method challenges you to recall information from memory. In fact, passive learning is considered one of the least effective study methods. Active recall may be challenging to get used to at first, but the amount of retained information you’ll get will make the process worth it! When it comes to active recall, nothing beats the use of flashcards — whether handwritten or created using digital apps such as Anki .

Mind Mapping

If you are visual person, then this strategy is perfect for you. Mind mapping is a visual technique that helps you organize and understand complex information. Basically, it’s creating a map of your thoughts! Start with a central idea and then let it branch out by adding related subtopics and ideas. Feel free to add colors and images to make it even more memorable and effective. Just the process of creating the mind map itself already helps you solidify your understanding of the topic.

Feynman Technique

This technique, inspired by the learning approach of renowned physicist Richard Feynman, involves breaking down complex ideas into simpler terms — as if you’re teaching a concept to a total beginner. While doing this, you’ll probably identify gaps in your knowledge and better understand the topic. Generally, if you can’t explain it simply, you don’t understand it well enough.

Ultimately, the best study routine is the one that fits your unique lifestyle. Experiment with different schedules and see what works best for you. Whether you’re an early riser or a night owl, consistency and dedication are the keys to academic success. Take time to craft your best study routine, and you’ll be acing your exams in no time!

What is the best study routine and schedule for you? Any other study techniques you want to share? Let us know in the comments below!

Gridfiti is supported by its audience – when you buy something using the retail links in our posts, we may earn a small commission at no additional cost to you.  Read more  about our affiliate disclaimer.

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How can I make studying a daily habit?

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Professor of Education, University of Tennessee

Disclosure statement

Deborah Reed receives funding from the Tennessee Depart of Education (Contract #33101-21217331051AF3) and the Institute of Education Sciences, U.S. Department of Education, through Grant #R324A220269 to the University of Tennessee. The opinions expressed are those of the authors and do not represent views of the Tennessee Department of Education, the Institute of Education Sciences, or the U.S. Department of Education.

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Curious Kids is a series for children of all ages. If you have a question you’d like an expert to answer, send it to [email protected] .

How can I make studying a daily habit? – Jesni P., age 15, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India

Studying – you know you need to do it, but you just can’t seem to make it a habit. Maybe you forget, become distracted or just don’t want to do it.

Understanding what a habit is, and how it forms, can help you figure out how to study on a daily basis.

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The habit loop

A habit is a behavior you do regularly or routinely. As a professor who studies how to help students become better readers and writers , I can tell you that research shows habits have a loop : cue, routine, reward.

Let’s say you have a habit of eating a snack after school. When school is about to end, you start to feel hungry. Dismissal is the cue to get your snack.

Eating the snack is the routine. The reward is that it tastes good and your hunger goes away, which reinforces the habit – and makes you want to repeat the loop again the next day.

Here are the things you need to make a studying loop:

  • A set time to study every day.
  • A cue to start studying.
  • An environment that helps you stick to your studying routine.
  • A reward for studying.

Setting a time

When you do things at the same time every day, it is easier to remember to do them.

To determine how much time you should set aside each day to study, multiply your grade level by 10 minutes .

That means if you’re in third grade, you would plan to spend about 30 minutes per day studying. This can include the time you spend practicing your reading. If you’re in eighth grade, you would spend 80 minutes per day – that is, one hour and 20 minutes – studying.

Research suggests that two hours is the maximum amount of daily studying time that is beneficial . Spending more time than that on a regular basis can cause stress, anxiety and possibly disturb healthy sleep habits.

So choose a single block of time during the afternoon or evening when you will have the right amount of time to study every day.

There may be days when your assignments do not fill the full block of time that you have set. On those days, you should spend time reviewing material that you’ve already studied; regularly going back over information helps you remember it and think about how to integrate it with the new things you’re learning.

You also can spend those extra minutes reading a book. Studies show a daily habit of reading for 20 minutes will improve your vocabulary, language skills and overall knowledge .

Studying at the same time every day is one cue, but you may need something more concrete when first forming your habit.

This can be a calendar reminder you set on your phone or laptop, or something as simple as a card with the word “study” printed on the front. You can leave the card where you hang up your coat or put down your bag when you get home from school – or on your television or computer screen.

On the back of the card, write the word “studying.” Then keep this side facing up and posted to the back of your computer, on your door, or above your desk while you work.

This will signal to others that they should not disturb you during this time. When you finish studying, return the card to its starting spot so that it’s ready to remind you to study the next day.

A teenage girl, relaxed, wearing jeans, and with feet up on her desk, reads a book.

Your study environment

To help yourself study, you need a place set up for work and not for doing other things. Do not study on your bed – that’s for sleeping – or in front of the television, or anywhere it’s difficult to hold and use the materials you need. Best option: a table or desk with good lighting.

Your study place should limit distractions. That includes other people’s conversations and all media: TV, video games, social media, texts or music . Research repeatedly has shown the human brain cannot multitask well; people make more mistakes if they try to do two things at the same time , especially when one of those things requires concentration. Bouncing back and forth between two things also means it takes longer to complete the task.

Although you should put away electronic devices when studying, that may not be an option if you need them for homework. If that’s the case, set the “do not disturb” notification on your phone, silence incoming notifications and close all social media and gaming apps.

Gaming, social media and video apps are programmed to make you want to keep checking or playing them . That means you have to replace the bad habit of constantly using them with the good habit of studying for a designated block of time.

That said, after you finish studying, you can give yourself a little gaming or social media time as your reward.

With time, the studying itself will become its own reward. Improving your knowledge and skills will give you a sense of achievement and make you more confident and happier at school. But while forming your study habit, a really fun reward will help you stick with it.

This is especially true if the subject you’re studying is difficult for you. No one likes to do something they think they’re not very good at. However, it’s impossible to get better if you do not practice, and studying is just like practicing a sport, instrument or hobby.

How long it takes

The amount of time it takes to make studying a daily habit can be anywhere from 21 days to a few months , depending upon the person.

To help you stay with it, find a study buddy to form the habit along with you. Ask your family not to interrupt you during study time. And consider using apps to set goals and track your study time so you can watch your habit form and celebrate your progress. The good news: Daily studying gets easier the more you do it.

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10 Ways To Improve Time Management For Students

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Learning how to manage time effectively is an important skill for students to master.

But many students struggle with finding the time to complete all their assignments, leading to overwhelming feelings of stress and frustration.

To help, we’ve created a list of time management strategies for students of all ages to help students (and their parents) put the days of last-minute project panic and school stress behind them.

Why Is Time Management Important For Students?

Good time management skills help students prioritize tasks so they are able to complete school work and assignments on time. Students are able to plan ahead, set aside the time they need for projects and assignments, and make better use of that time.

Becoming better at managing time allows students to become more organized, more confident, and learn more effectively. It can also help students avoid the dreaded procrastination problem , which can be a slippery slope to stress, frustration, and poor grades.

Effective time management skills are especially important for high school students. As students enter high school, they have to deal with more subjects, assignments, tests, and extracurriculars. Good time management skills can help keep them on track and reduce stress as they take on more work.

So how can you help your child learn to manage time more effectively?

Check out these time management tips and learn how your student can start being more productive.

10 Effective Time Management Tips For Students

  • Create a Master Schedule

Make a master schedule your child can use to block off time to work on his or her assignments. This will help your child prioritize projects and provide a structure to help keep him or her on track to meet due dates. Use a different color for each subject so your child can follow the schedule quickly and easily.

Download your own master schedule here:

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Download the Printable Version Here!

  • Use an Agenda

Help your child look ahead to all upcoming assignments and record the due dates in an agenda. Use the agenda to schedule in TV and computer time too—this will help your child avoid falling into a trap of wasted hours in front of a screen instead of working on assignments.

  • Eliminate Distractions

Between cell phones, social media, and friends, there are a lot of activities that can distract students from their school work. When it’s time to get down to work, have your child turn off his or her cell phone and sign out of social media accounts. Any time on the master schedule that is dedicated to working on school work should be cell phone and television-free!

Find more tips on how to focus on homework .

  • Set Goals For Each Study Session

Help your child set specific goals for each day, like how many pages of a book report to write or how many math questions to complete. The agenda and master schedule will help with planning your child’s daily goals so assignments can be completed on time.

  • Start Working On Assignments Early

Good time management skills mean not leaving assignments until the day before they are due. Sit down with your child each week to review upcoming assignments and tests and add them to his or her master schedule and agenda. Schedule time to start working on them well before they are due so your child isn’t stressed and scrambling to meet the due dates.

  • Make a Project Plan

Creating a project plan can also help avoid last-minute panic. An overwhelming amount of work is a common cause of procrastination, which can lead to poor time management. Help your child break down assignments into smaller chunks, each with its own separate due dates. This will encourage your child to plan ahead and start working on assignments earlier.

Learn more about why students procrastinate .

  • Work On One Thing At A Time

It might seem like more is being accomplished with multitasking, but splitting attention between more than one task isn’t an effective way to learn. Your child should work on one task at a time, giving it his or her full attention. Focusing on one task will help him or her complete it more efficiently and effectively.

  • Study In Shorter Bursts

For every 30 minutes of school work, have your child schedule a short 10-15 minute break to recharge. Trying to work on one thing for too long can actually cause students’ minds to wander more. Taking short breaks is a good way to give your child’s brain a chance to recharge so he or she can come back more focused.

  • Start Early In The Day

Encourage your child to work on assignments earlier in the day, or right after school. Have your child look over his or her agenda and master schedule to find out what needs to be completed that night and get started early. Waiting to start until later in the evening means your child has less time (and energy), leading to delayed bedtimes, unfinished assignments, and more stress for everyone.

  • Get 8-10 Hours Of Sleep

Getting enough sleep is important to help your child recharge his or her mind and have the energy needed to stay on track the next day. Use your master schedule to mark a cut-off time for homework each night as well as a set bedtime. Following this routine will help make sure your child has time to unwind at the end of each day and get the sleep he or she needs.

Does your child need help developing his or her time management skills? Our Study Skills tutoring program can help!

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For some students, taking classes online probably sounds like a dream come true. Never having to change out of your pajamas? No tardy slips? What’s not to love?! 

But the reality of attending school from home is different...and more complicated, especially when it comes to maintaining a daily schedule that’s good for your education and your GPA.  

In this article, we’ll teach you how to stay organized and on top of your schoolwork while you’re attending school from your living room. We’ll explain how much time you should spend studying a day, then walk you through a sample weekly study schedule with breakdowns for each day of the week. Finally, we’ll give you practical solutions to four common problems that come with doing school from home. 

Let’s get started! 

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How Much Time Should I Spend Studying Every Day?

First things first: just because you’re taking classes from home doesn’t mean you don’t need to study. You’ve still got to hit the books if you want to keep your GPA up! 

But determining how much time you should spend studying is actually more complex than just the hours you spend sitting at a desk or with your nose in a textbook. You don’t need to recreate your entire at-school day in order to be a good student while studying from home .

While having a clear but flexible structure for your at-home school days is important, it’s also crucial to adjust your expectations for what you can get done while learning independently in a day. In other words, you can’t really replicate your at-school days while learning from home because so many things about the circumstances are different. 

Instead, it’s important to set clear boundaries between time that’s meant for relaxing and leisure and time that’s meant for learning. (Yep, that means you probably aren’t going to get good studying time in while watching Netflix. Sorry!) 

Education experts recommend that students spend no more than 50 minutes on independent study at a time, and no more than four hours of total independent study time a day . While four hours might sound like a lot less time than you spend studying in a regular school day, keep in mind that the independent learning you do at school is limited too. 

When you’re in a classroom full of other students, there’s more variety in the learning approaches that can be implemented—you don’t spend the entire time trying to process course content all on your own. You also take breaks in between classes, stop for lunch, and your core subject classes are often broken up around more physically-oriented or collaborative courses, like physical education, dance, or sports. And of course, you have classes that don’t require you to study in the typical ways, including extracurriculars like student council or yearbook. 

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A daily study schedule will help you stay on track with your studying, but it will probably put more free time back in your day, too!

Creating Your Study Schedule: An Expert Guide

Our goal is to give you a general idea of how you should structure your study time when you’re attending online classes . Every student’s needs will vary, so you may need to adjust our recommendations to fit your unique situation. 

With that in mind, let’s take a look at how you can structure your day for the biggest payoff. To maximize the time that you spend studying your core academic subjects and avoid burnout, consider dedicating two solid hours in the morning and two solid hours in the afternoon to studying. 

That four hours includes everything you need to do for school, including watching lectures, attending videoconferences, completing assignments, taking quizzes and tests, and engaging with other required course content. 

Start With a Warm-Up Activity

To keep yourself alert and to help get yourself in a learning mindset, try starting your day and following up your lunchtime with a 15 to 30 minute warm-up period. This can be anything from exercise, to reading for fun, to playing an instrument. The goal is to “wake up” your brain so that you’re alert and ready to study. 

Split Up Your Sessions Into Chunks

Now it’s time to dive into your study sessions. Like we already mentioned, your goal is to set aside a two hour, uninterrupted chunk of time for studying in the morning, and another in the afternoon. Keeping the time chunked together will make sure you get the most bang for your buck. 

So how should you divide that time? We recommend that you take your two hours and divide it into three to four study “sessions” that are 30 to 45 minutes each . That will give you enough time to focus on your work while helping you study more subjects more efficiently. 

In between each study “session” on your schedule, take a fifteen minute break to walk around, get a snack, or text your friends. The trick is to keep it to no more than fifteen minutes. At the end of your break time, head back to your digital device, switch gears for your next subject, and start in on your workload for another class to keep your productivity high. 

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Watching Netflix and procrastinating might seem like a good idea now...but it's a decision that could come back to haunt you later. (Also, if you stick to your study schedule, you'll probably have MORE time to binge your favorite shows anyway!) 

Use Your Evenings Wisely 

After you wrap up your daytime “schedule” for taking care of schoolwork, how you spend the evening during your school-from-home experience is up to you. Most students find they need several hours of out-of-school study time per week under normal circumstances, but your evening/weekend study needs might change since your daytime study habits look different now. 

In general, it’s probably a good idea to expect to use the evenings and weekends to complete bigger class projects and prepare for exams as needed. 

Having said that, it’s also important that you schedule down-time for yourself. Don’t underestimate how stressful it is to switch to self-guided study. Additionally, outside circumstances like your family responsibilities and/or tense social situations can add to your mental and emotional burden. That’s why you need to make sure you’re letting off steam at some point during the day. Whether that’s watching Netflix, reading your favorite book, or even doing a puzzle, giving yourself a break is important for your mental health.

Stick to Your Schedule Every Weekday

While you don’t have to be super strict about it, trying your best to keep a similar schedule every week will help you stay on top of your tasks and avoid heaping more stress into your plate. Routines are a great way to give yourself a sense of stability, and they can ensure that your assignments and deadlines aren’t sneaking up on you. 

More importantly, sticking to your schedule will actually make sure you have more time to relax and do the things you want to do! A schedule helps you maximize your study time and make it more efficient.

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Now that you have a sense of how your school-from-home days and weeks might be structured, let’s look at a sample weekly study schedule next.

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A Sample Weekly Study Schedule

We’ve put together a sample weekly schedule that parses out your daily time for specific subjects and study tasks on an hour-by-hour basis. This schedule is based on the argument that students should spend no more than four hours on one-on-one, independent study time in order to get the most out of their studying, and that this study time should be broken down into manageable chunks. 

The schedule we’ve designed is meant to prioritize required tasks for each of your core subjects (e.g. lectures, readings, quizzes, tests), your agency in guiding your own learning (e.g. open-ended creative time and reading time), staying active (e.g. exercise, dancing), and your mental health (e.g. rest and sleep, taking breaks, having evening time for leisure and family). Check it out here:

Now, remember: this schedule isn’t the end all, be all of study schedules. But this sample schedule emphasizes that you are a whole human being trying to finish your school year in the midst of a global pandemic. 

To allow time to take care of other responsibilities in your life (such as caring for younger siblings, working, or taking care of your health), this schedule helps you focus on three core subjects per day with lots of flexible study time built in that you can tailor to your specific needs. 

In the schedule above, three daily 45 minute sessions are dedicated to three of your core academic classes each day. But what should you do in those 45 minute periods? During each 45 minute study session, we recommend prioritizing any required daily work that your teacher has asked you to complete . That could include listening to lectures, reviewing slide shows, taking virtual quizzes, posting on discussion boards, or taking exams. If you have extra time left after that, you might get started on “homework” or study for an upcoming quiz or test. 

At the end of each day, we also built in 45 minutes of flexible study time. It might be a good idea to use this time to check your to-do list and make sure you met your goals for the day, or you could complete any unfinished assignments from that day’s core subjects. Alternatively, you could use that time to do some collaborative studying with friends on FaceTime to add some variety to your study methods. 

If you need to, think about how you can revise this schedule to suit the realities of your life right now, and remember to be adaptable and flexible . You can sub out subjects or activities in the schedule above and add in additional classes, or you can move around which subjects you focus on each day. 

What’s most important is that you have the tools you need to meet your academic and personal goals under the conditions of this new school-from-home situation. 

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We know you might encounter a few problems when you're studying for your online classes. That's why we're here to help you through them. 

Studying for Online Courses: 4 Major Problems and How To Solve Them

While going to school in the comfort of your own home sounds amazing in theory, there are some practical challenges that distance learning presents for many students. 

Some of the advantages of going to school and sitting in a classroom with your teacher and classmates are lost when you have to study where you sleep, but don’t worry: we’ll explain four common problems with studying for online classes, and how you can solve them.

Problem 1: You Have to Motivate Yourself

When you’re studying from home, you receive less instruction on how to use your time to complete school-related tasks. You also won’t have the external motivation that can come with the daily process of having to turn your assignments in to your teacher. These changes may make it difficult to feel motivated to take care of school responsibilities when there are so many other things you could be doing. 

Since the choice to take care of school stuff will be up to you now, remembering the goals you’ve set for yourself may help you feel motivated to get up and get going with your schoolwork. Creating a vision board with your academic goals or writing them on the front of your planner can help to keep you motivated in those moments when you’d rather hit snooze than study. Assembling pictures of your future college, your career, and even your life goals can help you keep your eyes on the prize. 

You can also consider finding an accountability partner that checks in with you to make sure you’re doing your work . Make a deal to keep each other accountable to getting up by starting on your school work at the same time every day, and you can send each other updates on how your studying is going . Keeping these connections can also help you remember that your friends are figuring out how to navigate learning-from-home too, and that while you may be apart, you aren’t alone. 

Problem 2: Sharing Technology Can Interrupt Your Schedule

One of the most difficult realities of completing the school year from home is the fact that a lot of students don’t have their own digital devices. While schools realize this and are doing what they can to loan out devices and get them hooked up to Wi-Fi, many school districts don’t have enough resources to share a laptop or tablet with every student. 

This means that a lot of students are going to be sharing technology with siblings, parents, and maybe even friends or classmates. If you’re trying to implement a structured schedule for getting schoolwork done every day, having to share technology can make that really hard. Sitting down with the people you have to share technology with and creating a flexible daily or weekly schedule together may alleviate some of the tension surrounding sharing devices. 

Here’s what we mean: your family may only have one computer or tablet, but both you and your little brother have switched to taking classes online. Instead of constantly fighting over the computer, you can work together to decide who gets to use the computer in the mornings and who gets to use it in the afternoon. 

While your schedule will look different depending on your family and your needs, we recommend trying to schedule your tech time for the same slot every day. Doing so will help you keep a stable schedule and get more work done. 

But what about the periods of time that you don’t have access to a digital device? Your “unplugged” time is a great opportunity to do any studying that doesn’t require technology. If you have print copies of textbooks, study guides, quizzes or tests, or have physical projects to complete, try to work on those during your offline time. And most importantly, if access to technology is an issue for you, communicate with your teacher about your situation and ask for help when you need it. 

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Make an effort to limit your distractions while you're studying. (Don't be like Doug. Or maybe...aspire to be like a less distracted, more focused Doug.)

Problem 3: There Are a Lot of Distractions

We’re all living in slightly organized chaos under the conditions of COVID-19, and for most of us, all that chaos is compressed into the spaces of our homes as we practice social distancing. Whether your distractions are caring for your siblings, your mom’s hourly conference calls on speaker phone, or your cozy bed, distractions while trying to get school work done are inevitable. 

Having a plan in place for how you’ll eliminate distractions during your scheduled study times can help you manage your time well and maximize the time you do spend studying. When you sit down to study, put your phone in airplane mode or silence notifications. If you’re tempted to stay in bed, study in the kitchen or living room. And if you can’t handle lots of noise, get out your headphones, shut your door, or study outside (if possible!). 

If your home is mostly shared spaces, try negotiating with your siblings or parents for solo use of an area for an hour or so, then switch off with them. When you do have the chance for some low-distraction study time, complete the school-related tasks that require the most concentration first, and save your lower-pressure assignments for times when the distractions aren’t unavoidable. 

Problem 4: Studying Can Get Monotonous or Boring

It may not seem like it at first, but doing school from home might get a little tedious after a while. When you go to school, you have more opportunities to use different learning styles and mediums, attend classes that incorporate physical activity, and spend time with your friends and peers. 

When you’re doing school from home, a lot of these elements of learning that you get to experience while at school mostly disappear. You’ll be able to use technology to listen to lectures and engage with other multimedia course content, but there are some things about face-to-face, in-person learning that is difficult to recreate through digital mediums. 

If the absence of some of these aspects of learning makes you feel a little bored or disengaged right now, make an effort to connect with your classmates and to get creative with your learning each day. Doing school from home shouldn’t exclusively consist of you staring at a computer screen, and it shouldn’t just be hours of independent study time either. Balance is key! Even though you may feel pressure to dedicate your entire “school day” to completing assignments online, remember that a real day at your school isn’t actually structured that way.

To mix things up, spend some of your day being active . Draw something or color a picture. FaceTime your friends and talk through a study guide. You can even spend some time outside (if you can social distance, of course)! Finding creative ways to incorporate these elements of learning into your long days of school-from-home can help to alleviate some of the boredom you might be feeling. 

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What's Next? 

If you’re in high school, you’re probably wondering what you should do about test prep. After all, many in-person prep classes have been cancelled, too! Why not check out our online test prep classes? Our expert courses can get you ready to knock your SAT (or your ACT) out of the park.

If this is your first time taking online classes, you may be unfamiliar with how they work. This expert article will teach you everything you need to know about taking classes online. 

For some students, AP classes may not be available at their high schools. Luckily, you can take AP classes online! Learn more about what that means (and how to choose the right online AP classes for you). 

Want to improve your SAT score by 160 points or your ACT score by 4 points? We've written a guide for each test about the top 5 strategies you must be using to have a shot at improving your score. Download it for free now:

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Ashley Sufflé Robinson has a Ph.D. in 19th Century English Literature. As a content writer for PrepScholar, Ashley is passionate about giving college-bound students the in-depth information they need to get into the school of their dreams.

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The 10 Best Study Planning Apps for All Students

These study planner apps for Android and iPhone help you get organized in school by tracking your assignments, tests, and other coursework.

As a student, you're responsible for keeping track of test dates, quizzes, homework assignments, and final exams. On top of that, maybe you partake in after-school activities and sports. This makes it even harder for you to keep track of due dates and tests.

If you feel that you're sinking into a pile of assignments, you need to add some organization to your life. These are some of the best study planner apps for Android and iOS that can help you set times to study and remind you of upcoming exams, so you're not caught off-guard.

Chipper Study App Tasks

Chipper is one of the most popular and best study planners for students. Using Chipper can greatly improve your time-management skills.

This study planning app comes equipped with several tools dedicated to students . Simply add all the courses that you're currently taking, and organize them by time and date in the built-in schedule.

Chipper also allows you to add tests, homework due dates, papers, labs, and quizzes to your calendar to help you stay on top of your coursework. On top of that, you can set reminders that Chipper will send as notifications, so you never miss a deadline. And when you're ready to study, open the Study tab to set a timer for your session.

That means you don't need to download a Pomodoro timer app for such. But if you do, here are the best Pomodoro timer apps .

This app rewards you with earnings in the form of imaginary cash as you complete tasks. You don't actually receive any of these earnings in real life, but it's a good incentive to keep you moving forward.

Download: Chipper for Android (Free, in-app purchases available)

2. Classify

classify study planner home

Use Classify to build an easy-to-read schedule for your homework assignments, projects, quizzes, and other activities. Because it has a clear and simple interface and a lot of useful features, it is a unique study tracker app.

Classify helps you organize your school life by adding everything important in one place. It also provides templates for tasks, homework assignments, and events. For example, you can attach a PDF when you add an assignment, and you can set priorities for tasks.

Simply add this semester's courses, along with assignments and their due dates. Classify will let you know when your assignments are due and give you helpful reminders about upcoming deadlines, making it a great study planner app for students. Additionally, it has a Pomodoro functionality built-in if you fancy using the Pomodoro technique .

Download: Classify for iOS | Android (Free)

3. My Study Life

My Study App Study Dashboard

My Study Life is yet another great study planner app you should try today. With My Study Life, you can easily add tasks, classes, and exams to a weekly schedule template for students. When you add your classes, you can input detailed information about them such as the room number, module, time, and even the teacher.

If you struggle to remember holidays or class rotations, you can input that information in My Study Life as well. Your dashboard displays all your upcoming assignments, exams, and classes. This way, you'll never forget about that assignment that's due tomorrow.

Download: My Study Life for iOS | Android (Free)

4. Power Planner

Power Planner Study App Tasks

Power Planner is a clean and simple study schedule app that's perfect for middle school, high school, and even college students.

As one of the most useful apps for every student , it helps you remember class times, keep track of tests, and can assist you with staying on top of your assignments.

Power Planner integrates with Google Calendar to make your life even easier. Better yet, you can also estimate your GPA by inputting assignment and test grades.

However, if you want to add more than one semester and five grades per class, you'll have to spend a few dollars on the premium version.

Download: Power Planner for iOS | Android (Free, in-app purchases available)

5. Lessons School Planner

Lessons School Planner daily lesson plan

Lessons School Planner is a study tracking app that is built with simplicity in mind ensuring your energy is focused on increasing productivity and getting work done instead of organization. It can be likened to a simple to-do list tool but for students. When you download the app, you can start by creating a custom lesson plan, or importing one if you have it already on another device.

The app has lessons added already, but you can customize them depending on your needs. It makes organization easier by using a number system to organize lessons.

Tapping on a subject on your daily lesson plan allows you to add activities related to it, like an upcoming assignment submission deadline, exam, test, project, presentation, and more. These activities can then be viewed on a dedicated page. The app also allows you to set reminders for your tasks, ensuring that you don't miss out on anything important.

Download: Lessons for Android (Free, in-app purchases available)

6. Study Bunny: Focus Timer

Study Bunny Study Planner App Timer

Study Bunny is a less conventional study tracker app, but it makes studying a lot more fun. For starters, it introduces you to an adorable cartoon bunny that acts as your study partner.

You can use the app to time study sessions, create awesome to-do lists , make flashcards, and keep track of your progress.

When you start studying, you'll earn coins that you can use to treat the bunny. You can buy items to feed and customize your pal, which will help motivate you to finish a long study session.

Download: Study Bunny: Focus Timer for iOS | Android (Free, in-app purchases available)

Vaia study planning app home page

Vaia (formerly StudySmarter) is a helpful study-planning app that lets you collaborate with other students from around the world.

To help you save time, the app allows for shareable flashcards. This means that you can search for and use flashcards that other users have already made which makes learning easier. As a study planner app for students, Vaia is also featured in our list of the best flash card apps .

In addition to that handy feature, Vaia lets you upload and annotate documents, as well as create study groups with students from other universities. And when you want to check your progress, you can use the app's built-in charts to visualize your study time and see if you're meeting your weekly goals.

Download: Vaia for iOS | Android (Free, in-app purchases available)

8. myHomework Student Planner

myHomework Study Schedule

The myHomework Student Planner app is a straightforward way to keep tabs on your studies. To get started, you simply have to input your class schedule and any upcoming assignments.

myHomework Student Planner will then generate a color-coded class schedule, as well as a calendar that organizes your upcoming classes, assignments, and tests. Besides that, it also creates a clean list of homework assignments, which makes it much easier to remember important due dates.

Download: myHomework Student Planner for iOS | Android (Free, in-app purchases available)

9. Smart Timetable

Due events in Smart Timetable app

To get started on Smart Timetable, add your classes as events with how often you want to study for them. When it's time to hunker down, Smart Timetable will send a notification to your phone as a reminder.

The app allows you to input additional information about each class including the type, building and room number, and instructor, and you can even upload class notes. Each day the app's home page has the day's classes, and you can swipe left to view upcoming classes in the follow-up days.

There's also a task tab where you can add your upcoming assignments and tick them off once you're done.

Download: Smart Timetable for Android (Free, subscription available)

10. School Planner

School planner home page

The School Planner app has a ton of versatility when it comes to schedule options. You can input your classes into the app by using the available easy-to-use default templates.

Templates include everything you need to stay on top of your classes, including day, time, teacher, subject, frequency, and room. You also have the ability to add any upcoming events, whether it's a simple reminder, an upcoming exam, or a homework submission deadline.

All the upcoming tasks will show up on the app's home page in a sleek Overview page with a snapshot of any upcoming events in the next seven days, what's on your schedule today, tomorrow, and a detailed outlook of the upcoming week. School Planner's interface and organization make it one of the best study scheduling apps around.

The experience isn't limited to class times and assignments; you can also add grades, teachers, recordings, and days you were absent. Hit the hamburger icon in the top left to get an idea of how much the app offers.

Download: School Planner for Android (Free, in-app purchases available)

Stay on Track With the Best Study Planner Apps for Students

Who needs a messy assignment book when you have a study planner app? Instead of jotting down due dates on your calendar, take them with you on your smartphone.

Moreover, having an app at your fingertips can serve as a reminder to start studying or to complete an important assignment. Better yet, it's much easier to read and visualize when you use a template in an app.

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How to Prepare for Your Classes: Tips for Creating a Study Timetable

Last Updated: January 17, 2024 Fact Checked

Sample Timetable and List of Things to Include

Setting up your timetable, filling in your timetable, using the timetable, expert q&a.

This article was written by Alexander Ruiz, M.Ed. and by wikiHow staff writer, Madeleine Flamiano . Alexander Ruiz is an Educational Consultant and the Educational Director of Link Educational Institute, a tutoring business based in Claremont, California that provides customizable educational plans, subject and test prep tutoring, and college application consulting. With over a decade and a half of experience in the education industry, Alexander coaches students to increase their self-awareness and emotional intelligence while achieving skills and the goal of achieving skills and higher education. He holds a BA in Psychology from Florida International University and an MA in Education from Georgia Southern University. There are 14 references cited in this article, which can be found at the bottom of the page. This article has been fact-checked, ensuring the accuracy of any cited facts and confirming the authority of its sources. This article has been viewed 1,780,318 times.

A study timetable is a handy, inexpensive tool that can help you get control over your study time. Basically, a study timetable gives you a perspective of how much time you have to complete all your prioritized tasks, like exam prep for all your classes. If you want to get organized and feel motivated to get your work done, we'll teach you everything you need to know about study timetables. So, leap right into this straightforward article to unlock your full academic potential! This article is based on an interview with our educational consultant, Alexander Ruiz. Check out the full interview here.

Things You Should Know

  • Review the syllabi from all your classes to create the most detailed timetable.
  • Set aside special blocks of time that are reserved for studying your material.
  • Factor small breaks into your timetable so you'll be refreshed and stress-free.
  • Revise your timetable whenever a new development, like extra credit, comes up.

homework studying time

  • Remember—any sacrifices you make are temporary. You'll be able to go back to your everyday routines after your big exam or assignment.

Alexander Ruiz, M.Ed.

  • It’s totally fine if you take off some days to enjoy yourself. Just be sure to make up the difference later!

Step 2 Collect all the information you can about your class.

  • For example, maybe your professor assigns a lot of small and super achievable assignments, like weekly reflection papers, and only gives one mid-term.
  • On the other hand, your professor might be more tough and assign bi-monthly exams. Or, they may expect you to turn in multiple drafts of any essay.
  • See which tasks are more time-consuming. For instance, maybe you’re a whiz at pre-lab assignments, but you need to dedicate a couple hours each day to quantum mechanics.

Step 3 Decide which times are optimal for studying.

  • Look for times when you won't have any distractions—for instance, you might be completely free to study from 7 A.M. to 10 A.M. or 5 P.M. to 8 P.M.

Step 4 Create your timetable grid.

  • Try out spreadsheet programs, like Microsoft Excel or Apple Numbers . Or, experiment with some of the templates that your word processor—like MS Word —offers. [6] X Research source
  • Some apps specialize in study timetables—for instance “My Study Life” helps you record and track all of your exams and assignments.
  • If you're frequently online or on your phone, a physical paper timetable might be the best option for you. You’ll be able to refer to it without getting distracted by your tech.
  • You can also combine paper and digital formats: use your computer to print out a grid that you’ve already added days and times to, then print out as many as you like and fill them out by hand.

Step 5 Draw the grid for your timetable.

  • If you’re making a timetable by hand on paper, use regular notebook paper or blank paper and draw your lines with a ruler for a clean look.
  • The biggest downside to the paper-and-pencil method is that it can be pretty labor intensive if you need to make tweaks on multiple pages.
  • Your safest bet is to use a digital program, like Google Sheets . After all, you might end up adding more blocks on your timetable if your teacher assigns new material, like quizzes or extra credit assignments.

Step 6 Choose a timetable template that you'll use every week.

  • Take into account big assignments or final exams and update your study schedule by adding blocks of times you'll use to study for them.
  • Factor in extracurriculars that you identified earlier, like holidays or sports. Fill in squares to represent blocks of time in which you won’t be studying.

Step 1 Block your study times.

  • Have a day where you're super busy? That's totally fine—just look for a block of time that's available. Even 45 minutes can keep you ahead of the game when it comes to studying.
  • If you have some classes that are really challenging for you, it's a good call to set aside more time to study for them. For example, if French is a breeze, squirrel away 1 hour for it. However, if you have to rack your brain over Statistics, devote a whole 4 hours to review the ins and outs of it. [10] X Research source
  • Bear in mind that you don't have to force yourself to stay on task for 4 continuous hours without a single break—we'll cover that in the next step.

Step 2 Schedule time for breaks.

  • Many experts recommend that you work for 45 minutes every hour, and then take a break for 15 minutes. Everyone is different, though, so experiment to find what works best for you. [12] X Research source
  • If you think you thrive with regular breaks, or if you tend to get a little restless, try the "Pomodoro Method": during the block of time that you're studying, commit to 25 minute stretches of concentrated work, then take 5 minute breaks. [13] X Research source
  • For an extra boost to your health, build in activity breaks—for example, go for a 15-minute walk or make use of a 5-minute break by doing a set of push ups, sit ups, or body weight deadlifts.

Step 3 Be as specific as possible.

  • Things will change over time, of course, and something you planned 2 months ago may not apply anymore. If that's the case, use a pen to draw an "X" through any assignments or tests you no longer have to take.
  • Homework's also great to add to your timetable. For example, if you always have 20 math problems to do each week, record that in your timetable.
  • Scribble in new updates that come up, too. For example, if two teachers are offering extra credit opportunities, factor that into your study timetable.

Step 4 Schedule multiple subjects during each session.

  • Of course, this can change once exam time rolls around and you need to devote all your energy to a single subject!

Step 5 Color code your timetable to keep track of all your classes.

  • You might want to use colored pencils if it’s on paper. Or you could highlight things on the computer and print in color.
  • If you’re using an online-only app, you'll usually have to stick with the range of colors it provides (i.e., blue, green, orange, and pink).
  • Consider an online program like Canva . You'll have tons of templates to choose from. You can even add fun digital stickers, like bubbling beakers to represent your Chemistry class.
  • You can even buy some awesome and vibrant timetables on sites like Amazon or Etsy .

Step 1 Stick to the plans and obligations you agreed to.

  • If an emergency comes up, take care of what you need to. Just be sure to find extra blocks of time later in the week to make up the difference.
  • All that dedication gives you a great chance to treat yourself later. Grab some ice cream, phone some friends, or play some video games when you finish. After you're done with all your classes, you can even throw a little party.

Step 2 Relax whenever you make any tiny slip-ups.

  • If you want to, meditate, move around, or chat with a friend right before you jump into all your coursework. In fact, research suggests it's smart to unwind before all the hard work you'll do. [19] X Research source

Step 3 Revise your timetable if you need to adjust your study schedule.

  • If you have to make a lot of adjustments, a digital timetable might your best bet.
  • If you prefer a physical copy, make sure your timetable has lots of empty squares so you can fill in new information.
  • If you want a change, such as switching from a pen-and-paper timetable to one on an app, that's totally fine—it's important to do what feels sustainable for you.

Supercharge Your Studying with this Expert Series

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  • ↑ http://users.clas.ufl.edu/ufhatch/pages/02-teachingresources/study/
  • ↑ Alexander Ruiz, M.Ed.. Educational Consultant. Expert Interview. 18 June 2020.
  • ↑ http://www.studentbox.com.au/notes/Set_up_a_study_timetable
  • ↑ https://youtu.be/JfZvWrUXhWY?t=245
  • ↑ https://algonquincollege.libguides.com/studyskills/weeklySchedule
  • ↑ https://www.excelsior.edu/article/study-plans/
  • ↑ https://www.monash.edu/rlo/study-skills/preparing-for-exams/preparing-an-exam-study-timetable
  • ↑ http://au.reachout.com/how-to-write-a-study-timetable
  • ↑ https://learningcommons.ubc.ca/the-pomodoro-technique-study-more-efficiently-take-more-breaks/
  • ↑ https://www.apa.org/gradpsych/2011/11/study-smart/
  • ↑ https://open.lib.umn.edu/collegesuccess/chapter/2-3-organizing-your-time/
  • ↑ https://www.unk.edu/blog/2018/11/how-to-stick-to-your-study-plan-during-the-holidays.php
  • ↑ https://home.uark.edu/2020/02/the-dos-and-donts-of-time-management/
  • ↑ https://health.cornell.edu/about/news/study-breaks-stress-busters

About This Article

Alexander Ruiz, M.Ed.

To make a study timetable, start by making a list of all of your responsibilities, like your classes, job, chores, and extracurriculars. Then, use the list to figure out what times you're available to study. Once you know what times you have available, schedule 2-4 hour study sessions during those times. When you're scheduling your timetable, remember to include time for subjects you need to study every day as well as subjects you only need to study weekly or monthly. Also, keep in mind that you'll want to set aside more time for harder subjects. For more tips, like how to design your study timetable, scroll down! Did this summary help you? Yes No

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8 ways Gen Z will change the workforce

Soon there will be more Zoomers working full time than Baby Boomers. Roberta Katz explains how their values and expectations will shape the future of work.

homework studying time

Image credit: Claire Scully

Gen Z is growing up: In 2024, the generation born between 1996 to 2010 is expected to overtake Baby Boomers in the full-time workforce, according to a recent analysis by Glassdoor .

They are bringing to the office a different set of values, behaviors, and expectations than prior generations, according to research by Roberta Katz , a former senior research scholar at Stanford’s Center for Advanced Study in the Behavioral Sciences (CASBS) . Katz collaborated with a team of researchers to conduct a large, multi-year study to find out what matters to Gen Z and why – findings that culminated in a book and website .

Stanford Report sat down with Katz to talk about this research and what to expect from Gen Z in the workplace.

1. Gen Z expects change

The world Gen Zers came of age in was fundamentally different from that of their parents and even millennials, people who were born in the early 1980s to 1996.

The world of Gen Z has been defined by technological changes happening at rapid speeds that also reshaped social experiences. Disruption and impermanence have always been part of the world Gen Z experienced – for them, it’s a norm, not an exception.

“There is an expectation of constant change,” said Katz.

Growing up amid uncertainty has given Gen Z a unique set of characteristics, including being flexible and resilient. It has opened them up to new ways of thinking about the future and doing things – and questioning the ways things are done, which leads to the next trait Gen Zers will bring with them to work.

2. Gen Z is pragmatic

Gen Z has a strong sense of self-agency.

Gen Z lives in a world that has always been one search engine result away. If they want to know more about something, they readily seek the answer out for themselves ( even if it’s not always the correct one ).

They question everything and everyone – from their peers, parents, or people at work. “They don’t necessarily see elders as experts,” Katz said. “They want to understand why something is done in a certain way. They’re very pragmatic.”

They are also not afraid to challenge why things are done the way they are.

“When an older person says to them, ‘This is how you should do it,’ they want to check that out for themselves. It doesn’t mean they’re always right; it’s a different way of understanding,” Katz explained.

3. Gen Z wants to make a difference

Gen Zers not only expect change – they demand it.

They are inheriting a set of complex problems – from climate change to inequality to racial injustice, to name but a few – and want to fix it. They want to work for a place that they believe is doing good in the world.

Some Gen Zers will hold their employers accountable on the causes and issues that matter to them.

Katz warns that for some employers, it can be challenging – if not untenable – to take a position on politically charged or sensitive topics. “It is impossible for most institutions that represent lots of people and lots of identities to satisfy everybody,” Katz said.

4. Gen Z values collaboration and teamwork

For some Gen Zers, the digital world helped shape their identity: Through social media and in online groups, they found subcultures to connect and interact with.

They grew up with wikis – websites collaboratively built and edited by its users – and fandoms – enthusiastic and energetic communities centered around a shared, common interest. For example, K-pop sensation BTS has its Army , Beyonce has her Beyhive, and Taylor Swift has her Swifties.

“They’re in a posse – even with their headphones on,” Katz said.

To get things done, they value collaboration.

“There is a hope that everybody who is contributing is in it for the good of the whole,” Katz describes. “They want to have a team spirit.”

5. Gen Z wants leaders who guide by consensus

Gen Z is also less hierarchical than previous generations.

“They don’t believe in hierarchy for hierarchy’s sake,” Katz said. “They do believe in hierarchy where it is useful.”

Instead, Gen Zers prefer leadership that is dependent on expertise that is task or time specific. That could mean they favor management where team members take turns leading the group (known as a “rotating leadership” model). Another style they may prefer is “collaborative leadership,” in which people from across the organization participate in decision-making and problem-solving.

Transparency is also important.

Gen Zers value consensus and they look for leaders who are in service of the group (also called “service leadership”).

6. Gen Z cares about mental health and work-life balance

Gen Z grew up in a period that saw the blurring of the 9-to-5 work schedule and the rise of flexible work models – a mode of working that led to older generations feeling a pressure to always be “on.”

“Work and home life are all so integrated that if you don’t pay attention, you could be working all the time,” said Katz. “I think Gen Z is sensitive to that.”

Having a work-life balance and maintaining mental and physical health is also important to Gen Z.

“They’re placing a value on the human experience and recognizing that life is more than work,” Katz said.

7. Gen Z thinks differently about loyalty

Because Gen Z grew up amid so much change, Gen Z has a different perspective on loyalty.

But as Katz pointed out, “they also grew up with workplaces not being very loyal to their employees.”

Gen Zers were raised in the shadows of the global financial crisis of 2008, an event that has had long-lasting impacts on employment and the nature of work. “It used to be that people went to work for big companies thinking they’d be there for their entire career and that the company would watch out for them: providing health insurance, and so on,” Katz said.

But after the 2008 recession, and even more recently following the COVID-19 pandemic, companies have cut back labor costs and implemented other cost-saving measures, like reducing perks and benefits. Meanwhile, mass layoffs have also been rampant.

“There’s a reason that employees don’t feel the same degree of loyalty, too,” Katz said.

Meanwhile, the gig economy has also been present throughout Gen Zers’ lives, as has the rise of contract work. They are entrepreneurial, which is part of their pragmatic tendencies.

8. Gen Z looks for trust and authenticity

Gen Z also values authenticity.

“Authenticity is about trust,” Katz said. “Words and actions need to match.”

Honesty and openness are important.

For Katz, it’s all about mutually respectful communication. “My bottom line always to employers is stay open to hearing about different ways to get things done, because Gen Z has one foot in the future.”

Katz is associate vice president for strategic planning, emerita, and is currently involved in a strategic role with the Stanford Doerr School of Sustainability and the Stanford Institute for Human-Centered Artificial Intelligence . She also serves as vice chair of the board of the Center for Advanced Study in the Behavioral Sciences (CASBS).

Katz studied Gen Z as part of a multi-year CASBS research project with Sarah Ogilvie, a linguist at the University of Oxford and formerly at Stanford; Jane Shaw, a historian who is the principal of Harris Manchester College at Oxford and was previously dean for religious life at Stanford; and Linda Woodhead, a sociologist at King’s College London. The research was funded by the Knight Foundation.

From 2004 to 2017, Katz served under Stanford University Presidents John Hennessy and Marc Tessier-Lavigne as associate vice president for strategic planning, and in 2017 as interim chief of staff.

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A moth with brown, tan, white and pink markings on a white flower.

Polluted Flowers Smell Less Sweet to Pollinators, Study Finds

The research, involving primroses and hawk moths, suggests that air pollution could be interfering with plant reproduction.

A white-lined sphinx pollinating a pale evening primrose flower. Credit... Ron Wolf/University of Washington

Supported by

Emily Anthes

By Emily Anthes

  • Feb. 8, 2024

The damage that air pollution can do is wide-ranging and well-known: The chemicals produced by human activities can trap heat in the atmosphere, change the chemistry of the oceans and harm human health in myriad ways.

Now, a new study suggests that air pollution might also make flowers less attractive to pollinating insects. Compounds called nitrate radicals, which can be abundant in nighttime urban air, severely degrade the scent emitted by the pale evening primrose, reducing visits from pollinating hawk moths, researchers reported in Science on Thursday.

This sensory pollution could have far-reaching effects, interfering with plant reproduction and decreasing the production of fruits that feed many species, including humans. It could also threaten pollinators, which rely on flower nectar for sustenance and are already experiencing global declines .

“We worry a lot about exposure of humans to air pollution, but there’s a whole life system out there that’s also exposed to the same pollutants,” said Joel Thornton, an atmospheric chemist at the University of Washington and an author of the new study. “We’re really just uncovering how deep the impacts of air pollution go.”

The project was led by Dr. Thornton; his colleague Jeff Riffell, a sensory neurobiologist and ecologist at the University of Washington; and their joint doctoral student, Jeremy Chan, who is now a researcher at the University of Naples.

A person lies on the ground in a sandy area, looking at plants with lab equiment behind him.

The study focuses on the pale evening primrose, a plant with delicate flowers that open at night. Its key pollinators include hawk moths, which have exquisitely sensitive odor-detecting antennae. “They’re as good as a dog in terms of their chemical sensitivity,” Dr. Riffell said.

A flower’s scent is a complex olfactory bouquet that contains many chemical compounds. To identify the ingredients in the signature primrose scent, the scientists fastened plastic bags over the blooms, capturing samples of the fragrant air. When the team analyzed these samples in the lab, it identified 22 distinct chemical components.

The scientists then recorded the electrical activity of the moths’ antennae when they were exposed to these scent compounds. They found that the moths were especially sensitive to a group of compounds called monoterpenes, which also help give conifers their fresh, evergreen smell.

The researchers used these attractive aromas to concoct their own simulated primrose scent. Then, they added ozone and nitrate radicals, both of which can form when pollutants produced by fossil-fuel combustion enter the atmosphere. Ozone, which forms in the presence of sunlight, is abundant during the day, whereas nitrate radicals, which are degraded by sunlight, are more dominant at night.

The scientists added ozone to the primrose scent first and observed some chemical degradation, with concentrations of two key monoterpenes dropping by roughly 30 percent. They next added nitrate radicals to the mix, which proved far more damaging, reducing these key moth attractants by as much as 84 percent compared with their original levels. They were “almost completely gone,” Dr. Thornton said.

To assess the effects on two species of hawk moths, the scientists positioned a faux flower, emitting the simulated primrose scent, at one end of a wind tunnel. Moths released at the other end often found their way to the flower.

But when the fake flower gave off a fragrance degraded by nitrate radicals, the moths faltered. The flower visitation rate for tobacco hawk moths dropped by 50 percent, while white-lined sphinx moths no longer visited the flower at all. Adding ozone alone had no effect on the moths’ behaviors, the researchers found.

The scientists replicated these findings in the wild by placing artificial flowers in primrose plants. Flowers emitting a pollution-degraded fragrance received 70 percent less hawk moth visits over the course of a night than those giving off an intact scent, the researchers found. That drop would reduce primrose pollination enough to significantly lessen fruit production, they calculated. “The chemical environment is playing a really profound role in shaping these ecological communities,” Dr. Riffell said.

The researchers believe that the problem extends far beyond the hawk moth and the primrose. Many pollinators are sensitive to monoterpenes, which are common in floral odors. Using computational modeling, the researchers calculated that in many cities around the world, pollution has reduced scent-detection distances by more than 75 percent since the preindustrial age.

Emily Anthes is a science reporter, writing primarily about animal health and science. She also covered the coronavirus pandemic. More about Emily Anthes

Saying It With Flowers

With their countless applications and natural beauty, flowers can fill your days with color and wonder..

Floral artists are forgoing vases in favor of dramatic arrangements on the ground .

Hibiscus blossoms are as dazzling as they are ephemeral. In an age of shortened attention spans, they are having a resurgence .

Once considered fusty and unfashionable, corsages and other floral adornments are enjoying a renaissance .

Regal and otherworldly, the gloriosa lily has enchanted florists with its flamelike form and incendiary colors. But the bloom is every bit as dangerous as it looks .

Floral flavors may call to mind molecular gastronomy and dainty delicacies, but flowers have for centuries been part of cuisines  around the world.

The humble chamomile flower is suddenly everywhere. Here is how it came to captivate the worlds of fashion and food .

Looking for an online flower delivery service? Wirecutter tested more than a dozen .

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