How to Conclude a Business Plan

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How do I Write an Executive Summary for a Start Up Business?

How to create a business plan as an entrepreneur, how to write a data report.

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Business plans explain what a company does, who runs the company and how the company plans on hitting revenue goals, based on competitive advantages and marketing strategies. Some businesses write a business plan for internal review, tracking annual goals. Business plans are also used to seek investor loans or to finance their business. When presenting the plan for financing, it's important to conclude the plan with purpose, but to do so succinctly.

Conclusion or Executive Summary?

Business owners might confuse a business plan's conclusion with the plan's executive summary. The executive summary is actually the first section of a business plan, which provides a synopsis and a high-level overview of the major sections of the plan. A business owner might confuse this with the conclusion, because many business experts suggest writing the executive summary last, after the necessary information has been fleshed out.

The executive summary is usually a series of section teasers that give readers a high-level preview of the plan. It's also possible for the business plan to have a formal conclusion at the end of the sections. The conclusion is usually tailored and targets the informational needs of a specific investor or of a specific strategic partner.

Conclusion as a Summary of Needs and Abilities

If the executive summary states what the plan will be, then the conclusion reviews what the plan has stated. A business plan conclusion redefines the company's needs, the competence of management to achieve the goals and the key points to justify why the business will succeed with funding. Investors are looking for reasons why they should risk money in the venture; this is achieved by highlighting the unique ways in which the company solves problems and how an influx of funding will yield success. Usually, there's a specific call to action in the conclusion.

End Notes and References

Creating a business plan requires market and industry research. The larger the company or the more complicated its products or services, then it is even more important that research is needed to verify regulations, industry trends and technology innovations. End notes are the expert resources used in writing the plan and justifying propositions. These are like a bibliography in a high-school research paper.

End notes refer to specific data cited in the plan, listed in order of use by the correlating fact within the business plan. For example, the competitive-analysis section might cite consumer data obtained by public industry reports. If this is the third citation of data, the superscript is the numeral three that corresponds to the third end note.

">The Tone of the Conclusion

The business plan's conclusion should rely on facts and maintain a professional tone. Any projections and assumptions are backed by data points, the business' prior success, and management's ability to deliver. This is similar to a scientist using known facts to create a hypothesis for a new study.

For example, if the conclusion states that funding can scale factory operations by 50 percent more and yield 150 percent more in revenues, the conclusion of growth needs to be backed by those specific data points, which conclude that the assumption is correct.

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With more than 15 years of small business ownership including owning a State Farm agency in Southern California, Kimberlee understands the needs of business owners first hand. When not writing, Kimberlee enjoys chasing waterfalls with her son in Hawaii.

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Business Plan Conclusion: Summary & Recap

solid business plan conclusion

You’ve written your business plan, but now you want to wrap it up to make a lasting impact on your reader. In this article, we will define the conclusion to a business plan as well as provide some tips to help you attract and seal the deal with potential investors and lenders.  

What is a Business Plan Conclusion?

This business plan conclusion is a concise summary and recap of all of the components of a business plan , but especially the executive summary. It summarizes your business plan in 2-3 paragraphs, with an emphasis on the most important points.  

Download our Ultimate Business Plan Template here

Is the Business Conclusion Necessary?

It’s good practice for business plans, but not always necessary to be successful in obtaining funding.

If you have a stellar executive summary, it may be unnecessary.

If the business conclusion is written well enough, it can serve as an executive summary of sorts – a short recap that provides more detail than the business plan as a whole, but only includes the most important points. It could also serve as an executive summary that is more concise than an actual executive summary.  

How To Write a Conclusion for Your Business Plan

The conclusion of your business plan is the last thing people read before deciding to invest in you and your business, so it needs to make a lasting impression.  

Determine Location

think about your audience

Depending on your intended audience, there are two common places for the conclusion. If your plan is meant for internal purposes, you may have the conclusion at the end of the entire document. However, if you are seeking funds from investors, you want to place the conclusion at the end of the Executive Summary, increasing the chances that it is actually read.

Review & Concisely Recap 

conclusion reviews key points from the executive summary

    Finish Your Business Plan Today!

Startups might include the following information:.

  • Funding requirements
  • Service or benefit to the investor
  • Target market and audience
  • How products or services solve the target market’s problem
  • Marketing strategy
  • Competitive advantage
  • Management team experience
  • Financial projections
  • Launch plan

Established businesses might include information in their conclusions such as:

  • Mission statement
  • Company’s history
  • Products and/or services
  • Historical growth data
  • Financial summary
  • Company’s goals

Summarize the 3-5 points in a couple of paragraphs. You don’t need to summarize everything that happened in your business plan, just the most important points of the business plan.

Support Your Claims with Stats and/or Visuals

company’s profitable revenue model

Establish a Call-To-Action (CTA)

acquire funds for lucrative returns

Proofread & Spell-Check

grammar and tone carefully considered

The conclusion needs to give your readers a sense of closure by wrapping up all loose ends while making your last pitch effort to obtain the money your business may need.

Business Plan Conclusion Example

Use this conclusion example to help you with how to end a business plan, but keep in mind to make it relevant to your target audience, industry, and funding requirements:

Expanding into the Seattle metro area will allow Skyridge to provide its cutting-edge technology to more people who need it. Purchasing the fabrication plant in Seattle allows us to produce all of our products in-house and in one location, delivering them promptly and efficiently to the northwestern region.

We have the power to change the way people use technology, and we want [Investor’s Name] to be a part of it. By investing in Skyridge’s growth, [Investor’s Name] will benefit in the following ways:

  • Inclusion with a startup that has seen XXX% growth over the past X years and our company’s management team with XX years of experience in the technology industry
  • Contribution to Seattle’s economic growth and its citizens’ access to technology that enhances their lives
  • Participation in company planning meetings and receive an XX% share in all profits earned

We can add to the number of lives Skyridge’s technologies impact, generate more job opportunities in the region, and alter the technology sector if we work together. If you agree with our vision for a better future for everyone, join us.

How to Finish Your Business Plan in 1 Day!

Don’t you wish there was a faster, easier way to finish your business plan?

With Growthink’s Ultimate Business Plan Template you can finish your plan in just 8 hours or less!

Related Articles To Help You Write a Business Plan

  • How to Write an Executive Summary
  • How to Expertly Write the Company Description in Your Business Plan
  • How to Write the Market Analysis Section of a Business Plan
  • The Customer Analysis Section of Your Business Plan
  • Completing the Competitive Analysis Section of Your Business Plan
  • How to Write the Management Team Section of a Business Plan + Examples
  • Financial Assumptions and Your Business Plan
  • How to Create Financial Projections for Your Business Plan
  • Everything You Need to Know about the Business Plan Appendix

Other Helpful Business Plan Articles & Templates

Business Plan Template & Guide for Small Businesses

How to Conclude a Business Plan

by Mariel Loveland

Published on 28 May 2019

It doesn’t matter if you’re launching a brand new business or planning to expand your already successful venture: you will need a business plan. This is a road map that helps you achieve all of your business goals. It basically answers a series of questions about your company ranging from what your product is to who you’re selling it to. This, of course, can be figurative as some businesses provide services, rather than products.

For example, a plumbing company’s product is fixing pipes, not typically the retail sale of the pipes themselves. A medical practice’s product is diagnosing and curing illnesses, not typically the medicine itself (that’s usually left up to the pharmacies).

Partially completed written business plan.

Word processing software.

Inside every business plan is a conclusion – and it varies depending on the industry and the audience. Regardless, this is your final pitch to summarize your entire report. A solid business plan conclusion example is one that highlights strengths and ensures the reader that your business will be a success.

Share the conclusion of your plan with a few people you trust to make sure company outsiders can understand your points.

Explain The “Why” Behind Your Business Plan

In your business plan conclusion pdf (or printed paper if you’re going old school), you need to tell readers why they’re actually reading your business plan in the first place. For example, the conclusion of a business plan for a coffee shop looking for funding might briefly mention that you’re searching for a certain amount of money to remodel your dining space or buy a new espresso machine.

You might also want to use different business plan conclusion examples for different audiences. If you’re looking for $100,000 in funding from investors, disclose financial details in your conclusion. If you’re looking for a new partner or to sell your business, you’ll need to outline this in your conclusion as well. You might actually be looking for investors and partners or looking for investors or a buyer at the same time. Print out business plan conclusion PDFs for each specific instance.

State The Key Milestones

Your business plan probably has stacks of pages with different milestones. When do you expect to turn a profit? How long will it take you to train new staff? In how many months do you expect to break a sales milestone? Even your executive summary, the shorter preface to your plan that explains your key assumptions in everyday speak versus industry jargon, has a few milestones buried deep in its short pages.

State your key milestones in your conclusion, whether you place this in an executive summary or at the end of your report. For example, the conclusion of a business plan for a coffee shop might say that you expect to sell 1,000 lattes by the first month. Write this down along with the percentage of increased revenue you expect month-to-month and the measures you’ll take to get there. Put the milestones in a graph, table or column for easy digestibility.

Create a Call to Action

The best business plans don’t just end with an “okay, now what?” They end with inspiration. To do this, you’ll need to add a call-to-action to your business plan conclusion. The call-to-action can be anything from “invest money today” to “join us as a partner.”

For example, the conclusion of a business plan for a coffee shop might include “try one of our specialty cold brews today.” This is a successful business plan conclusion example because it gives investors the opportunity to try your product to see if they really believe in what you’re offering.

Not all Business Plan Conclusion Examples Are at the End

Before printing out your business plan conclusion PDF, think about where you’re going to actually put your conclusion. This might come at the end of your executive summary, which is at the beginning of your business plan.

You also might wish to write a longer conclusion at the end of your business plan. Either is effective, though the executive summary does come first and is most easily digested. You might have the biggest opportunity to show your business prowess in a place most investors are going to read first.

Where to write the conclusion of your business plan?

business plan conclusion

First of all, is there a conclusion to a business plan?

Do business plans have a conclusion?

Yes, but the conclusion of the business plan is not necessarily where you would expect it to be!

The conclusion of the business plan is not at the end of the plan but in the executive summary . And there are two good reasons for that.

Firstly because the executive summary contains the key points of your business plan - the rest of your plan is only there to reinforce and back the claims advanced in the executive summary - which makes it a natural place to conclude the plan.

Then (and mostly?) because the executive summary is very likely to be the only part that will get fully read in your plan!

That's for the form, now let's look at what goes into the conclusion of your business plan.

What is the content of a business plan's conclusion?

Well... it depends on the purpose of you business plan.

If you are writing a business plan to raise financing, then you need to specify the total funding requirements, the amount you already secured (from existing shareholders, banks, business partners, grants, etc.), and eventually an overview of the key terms you would like to obtain (minimum commitment, duration of the loan, or percentage of equity on offer, etc.).

If you are writing a business plan for a supplier or a key hire, then you can adopt a more traditional type of conclusion that simply reiterates and highlights the key strengths of you project.

What tool can I use to write my business plan?

A good way to write your business plan quickly without having to wonder what goes in each part is to use online business plan software . There are several advantages in doing so:

  • You are guided through the writing process by detailed instructions and examples for each part of the plan 
  • You can be inspired by already-written business plan templates and examples
  • You can easily make your financial forecast by letting the software take care of the financial calculations for you, without errors
  • You get a professional document, formatted and ready to be sent to your bank or investors
  • It’s easy to track your forecast against the actual financial performance of your company, and to keep your plan up to date and relevant

If you're interested in using this type of solution, you can try our software for free by signing up here .

I hope this quick guide helped you to get a better understanding of how to write the conclusion of your business plan. You can find some additional information in our guide to writing a business plan .

Also on The Business Plan Shop

  • Free business plan template
  • Business plan vs. business model
  • How to write a five-year business plan?

If you find this article useful please share it with your network.

Guillaume Le Brouster

Founder & CEO at The Business Plan Shop Ltd

Guillaume Le Brouster is a seasoned entrepreneur and financier.

Guillaume has been an entrepreneur for more than a decade and has first-hand experience of starting, running, and growing a successful business.

Prior to being a business owner, Guillaume worked in investment banking and private equity, where he spent most of his time creating complex financial forecasts, writing business plans, and analysing financial statements to make financing and investment decisions.

Guillaume holds a Master's Degree in Finance from ESCP Business School and a Bachelor of Science in Business & Management from Paris Dauphine University.

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How to Write a Business Plan, Step by Step

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What is a business plan?

1. write an executive summary, 2. describe your company, 3. state your business goals, 4. describe your products and services, 5. do your market research, 6. outline your marketing and sales plan, 7. perform a business financial analysis, 8. make financial projections, 9. summarize how your company operates, 10. add any additional information to an appendix, business plan tips and resources.

A business plan outlines your business’s financial goals and explains how you’ll achieve them over the next three to five years. Here’s a step-by-step guide to writing a business plan that will offer a strong, detailed road map for your business.

Bizee

A business plan is a document that explains what your business does, how it makes money and who its customers are. Internally, writing a business plan should help you clarify your vision and organize your operations. Externally, you can share it with potential lenders and investors to show them you’re on the right track.

Business plans are living documents; it’s OK for them to change over time. Startups may update their business plans often as they figure out who their customers are and what products and services fit them best. Mature companies might only revisit their business plan every few years. Regardless of your business’s age, brush up this document before you apply for a business loan .

» Need help writing? Learn about the best business plan software .

This is your elevator pitch. It should include a mission statement, a brief description of the products or services your business offers and a broad summary of your financial growth plans.

Though the executive summary is the first thing your investors will read, it can be easier to write it last. That way, you can highlight information you’ve identified while writing other sections that go into more detail.

» MORE: How to write an executive summary in 6 steps

Next up is your company description. This should contain basic information like:

Your business’s registered name.

Address of your business location .

Names of key people in the business. Make sure to highlight unique skills or technical expertise among members of your team.

Your company description should also define your business structure — such as a sole proprietorship, partnership or corporation — and include the percent ownership that each owner has and the extent of each owner’s involvement in the company.

Lastly, write a little about the history of your company and the nature of your business now. This prepares the reader to learn about your goals in the next section.

» MORE: How to write a company overview for a business plan

does a business plan have a conclusion

The third part of a business plan is an objective statement. This section spells out what you’d like to accomplish, both in the near term and over the coming years.

If you’re looking for a business loan or outside investment, you can use this section to explain how the financing will help your business grow and how you plan to achieve those growth targets. The key is to provide a clear explanation of the opportunity your business presents to the lender.

For example, if your business is launching a second product line, you might explain how the loan will help your company launch that new product and how much you think sales will increase over the next three years as a result.

» MORE: How to write a successful business plan for a loan

In this section, go into detail about the products or services you offer or plan to offer.

You should include the following:

An explanation of how your product or service works.

The pricing model for your product or service.

The typical customers you serve.

Your supply chain and order fulfillment strategy.

You can also discuss current or pending trademarks and patents associated with your product or service.

Lenders and investors will want to know what sets your product apart from your competition. In your market analysis section , explain who your competitors are. Discuss what they do well, and point out what you can do better. If you’re serving a different or underserved market, explain that.

Here, you can address how you plan to persuade customers to buy your products or services, or how you will develop customer loyalty that will lead to repeat business.

Include details about your sales and distribution strategies, including the costs involved in selling each product .

» MORE: R e a d our complete guide to small business marketing

If you’re a startup, you may not have much information on your business financials yet. However, if you’re an existing business, you’ll want to include income or profit-and-loss statements, a balance sheet that lists your assets and debts, and a cash flow statement that shows how cash comes into and goes out of the company.

Accounting software may be able to generate these reports for you. It may also help you calculate metrics such as:

Net profit margin: the percentage of revenue you keep as net income.

Current ratio: the measurement of your liquidity and ability to repay debts.

Accounts receivable turnover ratio: a measurement of how frequently you collect on receivables per year.

This is a great place to include charts and graphs that make it easy for those reading your plan to understand the financial health of your business.

This is a critical part of your business plan if you’re seeking financing or investors. It outlines how your business will generate enough profit to repay the loan or how you will earn a decent return for investors.

Here, you’ll provide your business’s monthly or quarterly sales, expenses and profit estimates over at least a three-year period — with the future numbers assuming you’ve obtained a new loan.

Accuracy is key, so carefully analyze your past financial statements before giving projections. Your goals may be aggressive, but they should also be realistic.

NerdWallet’s picks for setting up your business finances:

The best business checking accounts .

The best business credit cards .

The best accounting software .

Before the end of your business plan, summarize how your business is structured and outline each team’s responsibilities. This will help your readers understand who performs each of the functions you’ve described above — making and selling your products or services — and how much each of those functions cost.

If any of your employees have exceptional skills, you may want to include their resumes to help explain the competitive advantage they give you.

Finally, attach any supporting information or additional materials that you couldn’t fit in elsewhere. That might include:

Licenses and permits.

Equipment leases.

Bank statements.

Details of your personal and business credit history, if you’re seeking financing.

If the appendix is long, you may want to consider adding a table of contents at the beginning of this section.

How much do you need?

with Fundera by NerdWallet

We’ll start with a brief questionnaire to better understand the unique needs of your business.

Once we uncover your personalized matches, our team will consult you on the process moving forward.

Here are some tips to write a detailed, convincing business plan:

Avoid over-optimism: If you’re applying for a business bank loan or professional investment, someone will be reading your business plan closely. Providing unreasonable sales estimates can hurt your chances of approval.

Proofread: Spelling, punctuation and grammatical errors can jump off the page and turn off lenders and prospective investors. If writing and editing aren't your strong suit, you may want to hire a professional business plan writer, copy editor or proofreader.

Use free resources: SCORE is a nonprofit association that offers a large network of volunteer business mentors and experts who can help you write or edit your business plan. The U.S. Small Business Administration’s Small Business Development Centers , which provide free business consulting and help with business plan development, can also be a resource.

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What Is a Business Plan?

Understanding business plans, how to write a business plan, common elements of a business plan, how often should a business plan be updated, the bottom line, business plan: what it is, what's included, and how to write one.

Adam Hayes, Ph.D., CFA, is a financial writer with 15+ years Wall Street experience as a derivatives trader. Besides his extensive derivative trading expertise, Adam is an expert in economics and behavioral finance. Adam received his master's in economics from The New School for Social Research and his Ph.D. from the University of Wisconsin-Madison in sociology. He is a CFA charterholder as well as holding FINRA Series 7, 55 & 63 licenses. He currently researches and teaches economic sociology and the social studies of finance at the Hebrew University in Jerusalem.

does a business plan have a conclusion

A business plan is a document that details a company's goals and how it intends to achieve them. Business plans can be of benefit to both startups and well-established companies. For startups, a business plan can be essential for winning over potential lenders and investors. Established businesses can find one useful for staying on track and not losing sight of their goals. This article explains what an effective business plan needs to include and how to write one.

Key Takeaways

  • A business plan is a document describing a company's business activities and how it plans to achieve its goals.
  • Startup companies use business plans to get off the ground and attract outside investors.
  • For established companies, a business plan can help keep the executive team focused on and working toward the company's short- and long-term objectives.
  • There is no single format that a business plan must follow, but there are certain key elements that most companies will want to include.

Investopedia / Ryan Oakley

Any new business should have a business plan in place prior to beginning operations. In fact, banks and venture capital firms often want to see a business plan before they'll consider making a loan or providing capital to new businesses.

Even if a business isn't looking to raise additional money, a business plan can help it focus on its goals. A 2017 Harvard Business Review article reported that, "Entrepreneurs who write formal plans are 16% more likely to achieve viability than the otherwise identical nonplanning entrepreneurs."

Ideally, a business plan should be reviewed and updated periodically to reflect any goals that have been achieved or that may have changed. An established business that has decided to move in a new direction might create an entirely new business plan for itself.

There are numerous benefits to creating (and sticking to) a well-conceived business plan. These include being able to think through ideas before investing too much money in them and highlighting any potential obstacles to success. A company might also share its business plan with trusted outsiders to get their objective feedback. In addition, a business plan can help keep a company's executive team on the same page about strategic action items and priorities.

Business plans, even among competitors in the same industry, are rarely identical. However, they often have some of the same basic elements, as we describe below.

While it's a good idea to provide as much detail as necessary, it's also important that a business plan be concise enough to hold a reader's attention to the end.

While there are any number of templates that you can use to write a business plan, it's best to try to avoid producing a generic-looking one. Let your plan reflect the unique personality of your business.

Many business plans use some combination of the sections below, with varying levels of detail, depending on the company.

The length of a business plan can vary greatly from business to business. Regardless, it's best to fit the basic information into a 15- to 25-page document. Other crucial elements that take up a lot of space—such as applications for patents—can be referenced in the main document and attached as appendices.

These are some of the most common elements in many business plans:

  • Executive summary: This section introduces the company and includes its mission statement along with relevant information about the company's leadership, employees, operations, and locations.
  • Products and services: Here, the company should describe the products and services it offers or plans to introduce. That might include details on pricing, product lifespan, and unique benefits to the consumer. Other factors that could go into this section include production and manufacturing processes, any relevant patents the company may have, as well as proprietary technology . Information about research and development (R&D) can also be included here.
  • Market analysis: A company needs to have a good handle on the current state of its industry and the existing competition. This section should explain where the company fits in, what types of customers it plans to target, and how easy or difficult it may be to take market share from incumbents.
  • Marketing strategy: This section can describe how the company plans to attract and keep customers, including any anticipated advertising and marketing campaigns. It should also describe the distribution channel or channels it will use to get its products or services to consumers.
  • Financial plans and projections: Established businesses can include financial statements, balance sheets, and other relevant financial information. New businesses can provide financial targets and estimates for the first few years. Your plan might also include any funding requests you're making.

The best business plans aren't generic ones created from easily accessed templates. A company should aim to entice readers with a plan that demonstrates its uniqueness and potential for success.

2 Types of Business Plans

Business plans can take many forms, but they are sometimes divided into two basic categories: traditional and lean startup. According to the U.S. Small Business Administration (SBA) , the traditional business plan is the more common of the two.

  • Traditional business plans : These plans tend to be much longer than lean startup plans and contain considerably more detail. As a result they require more work on the part of the business, but they can also be more persuasive (and reassuring) to potential investors.
  • Lean startup business plans : These use an abbreviated structure that highlights key elements. These business plans are short—as short as one page—and provide only the most basic detail. If a company wants to use this kind of plan, it should be prepared to provide more detail if an investor or a lender requests it.

Why Do Business Plans Fail?

A business plan is not a surefire recipe for success. The plan may have been unrealistic in its assumptions and projections to begin with. Markets and the overall economy might change in ways that couldn't have been foreseen. A competitor might introduce a revolutionary new product or service. All of this calls for building some flexibility into your plan, so you can pivot to a new course if needed.

How frequently a business plan needs to be revised will depend on the nature of the business. A well-established business might want to review its plan once a year and make changes if necessary. A new or fast-growing business in a fiercely competitive market might want to revise it more often, such as quarterly.

What Does a Lean Startup Business Plan Include?

The lean startup business plan is an option when a company prefers to give a quick explanation of its business. For example, a brand-new company may feel that it doesn't have a lot of information to provide yet.

Sections can include: a value proposition ; the company's major activities and advantages; resources such as staff, intellectual property, and capital; a list of partnerships; customer segments; and revenue sources.

A business plan can be useful to companies of all kinds. But as a company grows and the world around it changes, so too should its business plan. So don't think of your business plan as carved in granite but as a living document designed to evolve with your business.

Harvard Business Review. " Research: Writing a Business Plan Makes Your Startup More Likely to Succeed ."

U.S. Small Business Administration. " Write Your Business Plan ."

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12.13: Conclusion

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In this chapter, we have illustrated the process and the elements that are used to develop a full-blown business plan. The key points are the following:

  • The FAD template, the Organizational and Industry Analysis template, the Business Plan Overview template and executive summary are used as the basis for developing the full-blown business plan.
  • The business plan serves many purposes including serving as a communication tool for investors; it is a scaled-down version of how the business will function and it is used as a platform for communications among the founders, employees, consultants, and mentors; and finally, it can be used as a blueprint for operating the business the first year.
  • A business plan template is presented that illustrates the typical sections that are contained in the business plan.
  • The writing style, the organization and the formatting are just as important as the content for communicating the essence of the business model.
  • It is important to pitch and present the business plan before finalizing the full-blown plan. This will help to bring focus and clarity on the emergent business.
  • In many instances, investors invest in the management as much as in the idea.
  • Many investors are interested in market potential in terms of the growth of the market and the total size of the market.
  • Contingency planning and risk assessment should be addressed in the business plan or at least informally among the founders of the business and key management employees.
  • Time, hard work, and attention to details will lead to better business plans.
  • Legal counsel and accounting expertise are essential for incorporating the business and providing guidance through the legal and financial systems.

The business plan is presented to the outside world through a business presentation and the presentation leads to the development of a short business plan document. An important part of developing the business plan is the learning-by-doing process. It is important that the emerging company make and build things, try experiments, and construct prototypes. Prototypes need to be constructed as early as possible for tangible products and also for systems applications. As illustrated in Figure 12.3 "Planning Process Is Ongoing an Iterative" , the process is iterative and ends only after the business is not in existence.

Figure 12.3 Planning Process Is Ongoing an Iterative

does a business plan have a conclusion

The most important element of the business plan and the business presentation is the “look and feel.” The plan and the presentation should look clean and streamlined. The development of a business model and plan begins with the moment that the entrepreneur has the original aha experience; this is followed with a very brief strategic planning process (we recommend the Ten–Ten approach coupled with a FAD analysis) and this is in turn followed by the development of the executive summary.

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Business Plan (8) – Conclusion and Appendices

James Leckie

  • October 11, 2020
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In Part 8 of our Guide to Writing a Business Plan we look at the ‘Conclusion’.

12. Conclusion

A business plan conclusion, doesn’t need to be very long, in fact, it can be pretty brief.

Your conclusion should; reiterate the opportunity, highlight the key strengths of your plan, summarise your vision, and remind the reader why your business is in a position to successfully execute the plan.

If you are looking to raise funding with your plan, you should detail the finance required.

Depending on who the plan is for, you could also include a ‘call-to-action’, telling the readers what they need to do next.

Add any Appendices

Finally, add any appendices that are relevant and strengthen your business plan.

You should put detailed information that supports your plan but is too ‘heavy’ to include in the main body, in an appendix. These could include things like; additional statistics, results of research that you have done, or maps.

Business Plan Conclusion Tips

  • This is a good time to transmit your optimism without exaggerating
  • Leave the reader feeling positive

The guide was written with help from the EBP Business Plan Designer Team.

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Writing an Effective Business Plan Conclusion: Tips & Examples

Do you need help concluding the business plan that you have worked so hard to create? A well-crafted business plan conclusion is essential for setting the tone for the entire document, and summarizing the key points that justify why the business will be successful. In this article, we will explore how to write an effective business plan conclusion that will ensure that your plan is read and taken seriously.

How to End a Business Plan?

The conclusion of your business plan should briefly summarize the main points of your argument. It should state why you believe your business will succeed and explain how you intend to achieve your goals. A business plan conclusion should cover the opportunity, highlight the strengths of your plan, summarize your vision, and remind the reader why your business is in a unique position to succeed.

A template example of a solid business plan conclusion follows:

  • Opportunity: Explain the opportunity that your business is capitalizing on and why it is attractive.
  • Key Strengths: Highlight the key strengths of your plan, such as your competitive advantage and any unique selling points.
  • Vision: Summarize your vision for the business and its future.
  • Unique Position: Remind the reader why your business is in a unique position to succeed.

It is important to keep your business plan conclusion succinct and to the point. It should be no longer than a few paragraphs, and should be a clear and concise summary of the entire document.

At Atlantabusinesses.com, we understand how important it is to have a clear and effective business plan conclusion. We are experts in the field of business brokering, and we can help you through the entire process of buying or selling a business. Visit our website for more information, and for answers to all your questions about selling a business and about business brokers.

What is the final stage of the business plan?

Conclude your business plan with a presentation for obtaining funding, and provide any relevant data, graphs, and charts to back it up. Make it explicit how much money you are asking for from investors—whether it is equity, a collaboration, or a loan.

What is the appropriate way to conclude a business plan letter?

What should be included in the concluding section of a business plan.

It should also include a description of the problems you are trying to solve, a review of your marketing strategy, and an assessment of the financials. The best way to write an executive summary is to write it after you have a thorough understanding of your entire plan and can succinctly summarize it. The executive summary should include your company’s mission statement, a description of the products and services you offer or plan to offer, an overview of the problems you are aiming to solve, an assessment of your marketing strategy and an overview of the financials.

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How to write the conclusion section of your business plan.

This tutorial explains how to write the conclusion for a business document, for example, a report, thesis, project, or any document that needs a section to gather together the main points.

The structure of the conclusion is as follows:

Reviewing this conclusion, we can see that it mirrors the structure of the executive summary. This serves several purposes:

  • Reminding the reader of the messages made in the executive summary
  • Reinforce the main message the authors want to highlight
  • Laying information throughout the white paper to nudge the reader in the right direction.

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How To Write the Conclusion of a Business Plan

Your business plan’s conclusion should encapsulate your overall justification for why your venture will succeed in order to draw investors or motivate your staff. Additionally, it ought to give a short future outlook outlining your goals for development and growth. The conclusion should also restate your company’s key selling points and leave readers with a favorable impression.

How to write a business plan conclusion

When writing a business plan’s conclusion, adhere to these guidelines:

1. Decide where you want it to be

Choose whether you want the executive summary or the entire document to contain your business plan’s conclusion. Consider placing the conclusion at the end of the executive summary if you are writing a business plan to attract investors or raise money. The executive summary introduces the key points of the business plan and outlines the company’s funding requirements and conditions. It can be more persuasive to potential investors to place the conclusion at the end of this summary, and it also increases the likelihood that it will be read.

You might select a more conventional location for your conclusion at the end of the document if you are writing a business plan for an established company to track progress or provide information to a third party. In this case, your conclusion should review and highlight the company’s advantages.

2. Include the right information

Depending on whether your business is a startup looking to raise capital or an established organization evaluating goals, the information you include in your business plan conclusion will vary. New companies trying to get funding might include:

Established businesses might include information in their conclusions such as:

Not all conclusions need all these details. The most crucial information for the purpose of your business plan should be included, but the conclusion should be brief. When selecting what to include in your conclusion, keep your audience in mind. Focus on the value your company provides to investors, for instance, and the reasons why this opportunity is special. Focus on company leadership’s experience and ways to lower the lender’s risk when applying for a business loan.

3. Add facts and statistics

Facts, figures, and statistics should be used to support the conclusions in your business plan. Investors want evidence that your business can succeed and that they will see a return on their investment. Include details like your track record of expanding this or other businesses, or the information you used to calculate how much funding you need. This information is more convincing than assumptions or vague statements.

4. Maintain a positive tone

Your business plan’s conclusion should be formal and upbeat in nature. You want to convey your optimism and enthusiasm for the company’s success so that the reader will feel motivated or enthusiastic to support the business. Use language that is assertive and active and conveys your confidence in the business.

5. Include a call to action

At the conclusion of your essay, include a brief call to action that instructs the reader on what to do next. The reader should be motivated to support the business’s objectives in the manner you desire. You might conclude by saying something like, “Invest in the success of Harper Corps by joining us as a minority partner in WinTec Enterprises.” In your call to action, use action words and emphasize how the reader will benefit from taking that action.

6. Review your conclusion

Make sure your business plan’s conclusion is written with proper spelling, grammar, and punctuation by reading it after you’ve finished. You want it to flow naturally and be both concise and clear. Ask a friend or coworker who is not familiar with the objectives of your company to read it as well. Ask them if they have any questions about the book’s conclusion and whether reading it has piqued their interest or excitement. Then make improvements as needed.

What is a business plan conclusion?

The goal of a business plan conclusion is to persuade the reader of the company’s success by summarizing the plan’s advantages. The conclusion should highlight how the organization makes money and why it is a good investment because businesses typically produce business plans in order to obtain funding or investors. Businesses also create business plans to evaluate their performance or set new objectives.

In a business plan, the conclusion can be found at the end of the whole thing or at the end of the executive summary. The executive summary, which appears at the start of the business plan, provides an overview of what the reader can expect to learn and persuades them to continue reading. Some people conflate the executive summary and the conclusion, but there are several significant differences between the two.

Every business, whether new or established, should have a business plan with a succinct and focused conclusion.

Business plan conclusion example

Use this sample business plan conclusion as a model for your own plan’s conclusion, being sure to customize it to your target audience’s needs and requirements:

Expanding Bridgewater & Co. Our already prosperous company will be able to provide cutting-edge health technologies to more people who need them thanks to its expansion into the Denver metropolitan area. Buying this manufacturing facility in Denver gives us the chance to produce all of our goods internally and in a single location and ship them out quickly and effectively to the area. We want Sixty-Seven Investors to be a part of this exciting revolution because we have the unique ability to change lives. Investing in Bridgewater & Co. s expansion benefits Sixty-Seven Investors by:

We can save more lives if we work together, Bridgewater & Co. Products change, add to the community’s employment opportunities, and revolutionize the health technology sector. Invest with us if you share our vision for a more prosperous and healthy future.

Business Plan Writer Explains How to Write a Business Plan: Part 8 The Conclusion

How do you conclude a business plan presentation?

Conclusion. The conclusion of a business plan doesn’t necessarily need to be lengthy; in fact, it can be quite succinct. Your conclusion should restate the opportunity, highlight the plan’s key strengths, summarize your vision, and remind the reader of the reasons why your company is in a position to carry out the plan successfully.

What is summary in business plan?

One of the most crucial components of your plan is the executive summary, which is a synopsis of all the important sections of your business plan.

What should be done after finishing the business plan?

  • Make sure it connects to your purpose.
  • Begin to test and measure.
  • Use the 80/20 rule.
  • Learn something new (quickly)

What is recommendation in a business plan?

A business recommendation letter, also known as a reference letter, is an endorsement of the products or services that one company has provided to another business or individual.

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How to Write a Great Business Report Conclusion: Everything You Need to Know

does a business plan have a conclusion

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When creating a comprehensive business report for your company, most of your time and energy will go into writing the main section of your report.

Once you come to the conclusion, you will probably be exhausted and you may feel the urge to just ‘wrap it up’ as soon as possible.

This can be a costly mistake.

Your conclusion carries the same importance as all the other sections of the report since it leaves the final impression on the reader.

How you conclude your business report has a direct impact on the way in which the readers will respond to the important information you gathered.

The business report may be spectacular, but without a convincing conclusion, all your efforts may deteriorate.

In this article, we are going to teach you how to write a compelling conclusion that will leave a huge impression on all your readers.

What Is Conclusion in Business Report Writing?

How do you write a conclusion for a report, types of business report conclusions, improve business reporting with databox.

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No matter which type of business report you have written, you will need a good conclusion to sum up all the critical information.

A business report conclusion is the last section of the document used for summarizing the most important information, providing a final word to the readers.

Through the conclusion, you are able to convey the main message of your business document. You use it to outline the report as a whole, remind the readers of the main pain points, and present the key findings and decisions.

Depending on whether you have written a shorter or longer business report, the conclusion length may vary, but it should always be included. It is a sign of good organization and it can make the readers understand the pain points much easier.

To put it simply, the conclusion is supposed to create the impression among the readers that the purpose of the report has been achieved.

Business report conclusions have a lot of similarities to executive summaries, which is why a lot of people tend to confuse these two.

However, there are some important things that differentiate them. These include:

  • Executive summaries are mainly focused on displaying what the report will be about, while conclusions are an overview of what was discussed in the report.
  • Executive summaries provide readers with a broad overview of the business report, while the conclusion summarizes the key pain points and most important data.
  • Executive summaries should convince the readers to continue reading the report, while the conclusion should persuade them to take certain action.
  • Conclusions tend to include CTAs (Call to Action), which isn’t the case with executive summaries.

Related : Executive Reporting: Management Reporting Best Practices & Report Examples

Now that you understand what a conclusion is and why it’s so important to include it in your report, let’s show you how you can write the perfect one and impress your readers.

Follow these steps to create a great business report conclusion.

Choose the Position

Include the right information, summarize the contents, facts and statistics, maintain a positive tone, develop a cta.

There are two places where conclusions are most commonly placed – at the end of the executive summary and at the end of the entire report.

For business plan reports, the common practice is to place the conclusion at the end of the executive summary.

This way, you make the first step through the executive summary template and introduce the plan’s main pain points and funding needs. Then, you create a conclusion to summarize these numbers to your potential investors, which directly impacts their decision to go over the executive summary once more, this time reading it more thoroughly.

For other types of business reports, the conclusion will generally be placed at the end of the whole report. Established companies use these business reports to track performances and data from important departments, which is why the conclusion should primarily focus on briefly reviewing the key metrics you included and emphasizing the company’s main strengths.

The information you put into the conclusion also depends on whether you are a new startup looking to attract investments or an established company that wants to track performances and asses objectives.

To raise money, startups should include this type of information:

  • Financial needs
  • The benefits of their product and how it can affect the market
  • Target audience/ideal customer persona
  • How the product can attract new customers
  • Marketing and sales strategy
  • Competitive landscape and analysis
  • The expertise of the main members of the company
  • Financial forecasts (next 3-5 years)
  • Launching plan

Existing companies should include information such as:

  • Mission statement
  • Performance history
  • Data that showcases business growth
  • Financial summary
  • Overall goals and objectives

While these types of details are important, they aren’t universal for all reports. Your primary goal should be to include the most important data from your specific document and keep the conclusion concise and understandable.

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  • Sales (Gross) Volume: How much revenue did your sales team bring in this month, this quarter, or this year?
  • MRR Growth: How fast are you growing revenues from recurring subscriptions? 
  • Customers: How many customers do you have right now? 
  • Customer Churn Rate: What’s your customer churn rate, and how much revenue have you lost to churn?

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The best way to convey your main message is by explaining it in detail throughout the business report and then summarizing it to recap the main points.

When creating the business report, take notes of the most important information that you should later highlight in the conclusion.

Make sure to avoid any extra details since they are already provided within the report. Only include the key points that explain why the business report itself is useful to the company.

Also, don’t use any additional information that you didn’t include in the report. This can only confuse your readers and send mixed messages.

You should prepare some facts, statistics, and data to support the statements in your conclusion. No matter if the reader is a potential investor or the key stakeholders in your company, you will want to include some evidence to back up your claims.

This makes the conclusion much more convincing and the audience will see that your forecasts aren’t based only on vague assumptions.

The tone in your conclusion should match the rest of the document and the best way to leave an impression on the audience is by using a professional and positive tone throughout the whole report.

After going through the conclusion, the readers should feel interested and enthusiastic to support the growth of your organization.

Make sure you exude confidence by using strong and active language.

Including a call to action at the end of your conclusion helps you persuade the readers to support the goals you set up.

This can be anything from “Join us at X enterprises” or “Invest in X and become a part of the success”.

A good CTA includes strong action words through which you emphasize the benefits of investors joining your firm or key stakeholders supporting your objectives.

After you are finished writing the conclusion, go over it once again to make sure there aren’t any spelling, grammar, or punctuation mistakes you overlooked. The conclusion should be clear, precise, and easy to go understand.

You can even ask a colleague or a friend to read it since it’s always helpful to have an extra set of eyes. Ask their opinion on how the conclusion makes them feel and whether it was easy to go through.

As we said, depending on which type of business report you have written and what is included in it, there are a few different types of conclusions you should differentiate.

Let’s walk you through them.

Conclusion with a Prediction

Conclusion with a major problem, conclusion with a quote, conclusion with a summary.

If your report focuses on a decision or strategy that already took place, you can write a conclusion that predicts the outcomes of that specific strategy.

You can include financial forecasts, sales expectations, and overall growth predictions. Make sure to also back up your predictions with sufficient evidence.

Writing this type of conclusion can be a bit tricky. You don’t want to come off strong and repeat the same issue over and over again. However, you do want the readers to take the issue seriously and realize why it is important that everyone focuses on solving it as soon as possible.

Be direct, but also lenient. Describe why that issue is important and provide a few ways on how you can solve it. Keep it brief and memorable.

Ending your conclusion with a powerful quotation can leave a great impression on the readers. However, you should be very careful when choosing the right quote.

You can’t just throw in some saying from Shakespeare and wrap it up. It is best to quote someone influential in the industry in such a way that it reinforces your message.

When writing your short but meaningful summary, don’t go into detail about your main points again. Keep it as brief as possible and only remind the readers of the most important information.

Also, you should remember that a conclusion doesn’t have to include only one of these things. Mixing up a summary and a prediction can be a powerful combination, so always try to figure out a few different ways to convey your message and then choose the right one.

Business reporting is one of the indispensable activities within a company, but it is also one of the most time-consuming. 

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Business Plan Conclusion

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I Tried 10 AI Project Management Tools to See if They’re Worth It (Results & Recommendations)

Published: February 14, 2024

AI project management tools simplify decision-making, keep projects rolling, and streamline communications. Pick the right project management tool, and you could save hundreds — even thousands — per year.

women use ai project management tools

I started in digital project management nine years ago, and AI project management tools were unheard of. The project management role was different than it is today.

Project managers were doing a lot of manual admin and repetitive tasks while keeping everything together and bringing those all-important soft skills to clients and internal teams who were busy getting the job done.

It was a lot. If you’re reading this, you might still be working like that: more spreadsheets than you can bear to think about, project managers stressed with deliverables and shaky briefs, leaving the team to use their best guess.

Today, my workflow relies on AI tools to keep my clients and team happy.

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The tools take much of the project management, leaving me and the team with the mental capacity to do what humans do best: build and nurture relationships, send thoughtful updates, and deliver even faster than we could ten years ago.

With the right AI tool, your workflow could look more streamlined with happier staff at work.

Naturally, the AI project management tool you select will depend on how you want to use it, but this article should give you a solid guide for choosing the right AI project management tool for you.

I’ve included my review of each tool, how I found it, the AI features, the price, and who I think it’s best for.

What does AI project management software do?

Testing ai project management tools, the scenario, 10 ai project management software.

AI project management software can help manage and organize projects and teams.

They’re commonly used for automating routine tasks, managing production schedules, storing files against projects and tasks, and providing a central hub with all content related to a project.

With the rise of AI, you can automate workflows, remove decision fatigue with predictive analysis, bolster productivity, and essentially hire a digital assistant who’s there to support you every day.

Project management tools are worth every penny and will pay for themselves in productivity. But if you’re worried about budgets, plenty of brilliant free project management tools exist.

I’ve tested AI project management and many other marketing tools for years. I have to admit it: I love trying and testing tools.

It’s almost a problem because, in the digital world, it’s very easy to get overwhelmed by choice and distracted by the next amazing new development.

But I can’t see myself stopping anytime soon. In fact, I committed myself to try more tools in the future.

Embracing the development of new tools is a fast track to an easier life, a streamlined business, and a to-do list that is as satisfying as it is productive. And, in case you’re wondering, it’s not just me saying this.

Of those surveyed in Hubspot’s State of AI report , respondents estimated they save two hours and 24 minutes per day when using AI compared to not. Automating manual tasks is estimated to save two hours and 16 minutes per day.

The time saved using AI is significant. All you need to do is find the one that suits you and your needs, and I’ve run extensive tests to help you out.

When I’m testing AI project management tools, I want a tool that:

  • Feels intuitive to use.
  • Manages projects, tasks, and sub-tasks.
  • Makes my team feel happy (and not overwhelmed!).
  • Streamlines communications related to projects and/or tasks.
  • Has integration options so that my business can scale with the tool.

I judged the tools tested in this article by these factors:

  • How well the tool replicates or replaces human action.
  • AI functionality.

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The scenario is close to my actual life as a marketer. I run many projects with fully remote teams internally and externally (my team and the client’s team).

We all need to work harmoniously in a central location.

The project needs to be well structured with some flexibility for changes. All team members need to add comments, set tasks, and have some accountability tracking to keep the project moving.

Finally, the AI project management tools must take some elements of the project. These tasks must be monotonous, undesirable for the humans involved, and safe enough for AI intervention.

AI project manager software; Asana

Favorite AI Features

Although not an AI per se, Asana’s workflow feature takes draining human tasks and automates them. To some degree, Asana is our Project Manager.

A lot of what you do daily is repetitive — and, if we’re being honest — boring. With Asana’s workflow, you can forget boredom and automate repetitive tasks instead of focusing on what you love.

This functionality takes a large portion of admin work off of project managers.

Workflow is a paid feature, but it saves hours. Simply trigger a workflow after an action (like moving a card from one column to another), and Asana will do the rest.

It’ll populate the workflow for the next phase and help your team to meet those SOPs.

Asana Intelligence

Asana intelligence is its AI component , including planning, summaries, and content edits.

With Asana intelligence, you can use AI to construct responses and comments, ensuring you get the right tone.

The AI will edit the status of your projects so you can see where you might have at-risk projects that need all-important human interaction.

  • Individuals get started for free (This is all I’ve needed in the past, but now I have outgrown it)
  • Starter package is $10.99 per user a month, billed annually
  • Advanced package is $24.99 per user a month, billed annually
  • Traditional project management without customization
  • Small teams and individuals

AI project management tools, ClickUp

How I Discovered Trello

Trello was a tool I used many years ago. It was the first project management tool I was introduced to in 2011. I used Trello to manage content as part of a small marketing agency.

How Trello Supported My Project Management

I still use Trello today. It’s in my project management arsenal, even with Asana for client projects.

I like Trello because it is simple. For clients who don’t have many projects, I turn to Trello. It’s intuitive and easy to use, people get on board with it quickly, and the free package is enough for how I use it.

I don’t think Trello suits companies looking to scale, but it's perfect for small projects or teams.

Strategy AI

Tello’s Strategy AI helps with general project management and productivity. You can use the software to control who sees what project, and projects or tasks are marked with priority to keep the team working on the most important tasks first.

Trello is one of the cheapest project management tools. It is also one of the most simple.

  • Get started for free
  • Standard is $5 a user per month, billed annually
  • Premium is $10 a user per month, billed annually
  • Enterprise is from $7.38 a user per month, depending on seat quantity, billed annually
  • Small teams
  • Individuals
  • Small and few projects
  • Content management

ai project management tools, Motion

How OneCal Supported My Project Management

While OneCal isn’t managing projects, it is keeping my workload manageable and the monotony of checking multiple calendars at bay. This means I can go to any calendar for an accurate display of what’s happening in all of my calendars.

Ultimately, it saves me a lot of time and rids me of calendar anxiety.

For those who don’t use Motion, OneCal also has a booking system.

Calendar Syncing

Once you’ve integrated OneCal with your calendars, you’ll have synced calendars everywhere .

Booking Links

You can set up a booking system so your meeting guests can book a slot in your calendar at a time that suits you (and them!).

With this system, you can set buffer times and avoid back-to-back meetings, and your guests can easily see available slots in their time zones.

  • Starter is just $4 a month billed annually (this is all I needed)
  • Essential $8.30 a month billed annually
  • Premium $25 a month billed annually
  • Anyone using multiple calendars or wanting to streamline the meeting booking process

AI project management tools, Notion

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Watch CBS News

Read the full decision in Trump's New York civil fraud case

By Graham Kates

Edited By Stefan Becket, Paula Cohen

Updated on: February 16, 2024 / 8:27 PM EST / CBS News

The judge overseeing the civil fraud case in New York against former President Donald Trump and the Trump Organization has issued his long-awaited ruling , five weeks after the  trial in the case concluded . 

Judge Arthur Engoron ordered Trump and his company to pay $354 million in fines — a total that jumps to $453.5 million when pre-judgment interest is factored in. It also bars them from seeking loans from financial institutions in New York for a period of three years, and includes a three-year ban on Trump serving as an officer or director of any New York corporation. 

Additional penalties were ordered for Trump's sons, Eric and Donald Trump Jr., who are executives at the company, and two former executives, Allen Weisselberg and Jeffrey McConney.

New York Attorney General Letitia James  brought the civil suit  in 2022, seeking a  penalty that grew to $370 million  and asking the judge to bar Trump from doing business in the state. 

Judge Engoron had already ruled in September that Trump and the other defendants were  liable for fraud , based on the evidence presented through pretrial filings. 

The judge had largely affirmed James' allegations that Trump and others at his company had inflated valuations of his properties by hundreds of millions of dollars over a the course of a decade and misrepresented his wealth by billions in a scheme, the state said, intended to trick banks and insurers into offering more favorable deal terms.

Trump and his legal team long expected a defeat, with the former president decrying the case as "rigged" and a "sham" and his lawyers laying the groundwork for an appeal before the decision was even issued. He is expected to appeal.

Read Judge Engoron's decision here :

  • The Trump Organization
  • Donald Trump
  • Letitia James

Graham Kates is an investigative reporter covering criminal justice, privacy issues and information security for CBS News Digital. Contact Graham at [email protected] or [email protected]

More from CBS News

Trump's civil fraud judgment is officially over $450 million, and climbing

Judge in Trump fraud case denies bid to pause $354 million judgment

Jury finds Wayne LaPierre, NRA liable in corruption civil case

Trump claims immunity in move to dismiss classified documents case

The Trump fraud trial verdict goes well beyond ordering the ex-president to pay $355 million. Here's what the ruling means.

  • Trump, his eldest sons, and the Trump Organization must repay $364 million from a decade of fraud.
  • Friday's verdict also bars Trump from running a New York business for three years.
  • Judge Arthur Engoron wrote that Trump's frauds "leap off the page and shock the conscience."

Insider Today

In a scathing verdict that punishes a decade of deceit, the judge in Donald Trump's New York civil-fraud case on Friday slammed the GOP frontrunner, his two eldest sons, and his company with a nearly $364 million cash penalty.

"The frauds found here leap off the page and shock the conscience," the verdict by the New York Supreme Court Judge Arthur Engoron , who has presided over the case for more than three years, said.

While Trump is personally on the hook for almost $355 million of that penalty, Donald Trump Jr. and Eric Trump must pay $4 million each, and the former Trump CFO Allen Weisselberg must pay $1 million.

But the verdict hits way beyond just Trump's wallet. It targets his real-estate and golf-resort empire, the Trump Organization, in two ways that Trump has pushed against for years.

First, the verdict wrests control of the company further from the former president and his two eldest sons, leaving major company decisions to a yet-named "independent director of compliance" who'll operate under Trump's court-appointed monitor's continuing watch .

Second, it sets a three-year ban on Trump running the Trump Organization or any other business in the city and state where he made his name — and where he first seized a national spotlight as a brash real-estate mogul. For Trump, it's the commercial equivalent of being run out of town on a rail.

Significantly — and this is a big silver lining for Trump — the verdict reverses the most unfriendly elements of the judge's pre-trial " corporate death penalty " judgment from September.

He no longer has to surrender all of the Trump Organization's New York operating licenses, and the verdict does not mention the forced sale of any Trump properties.

The verdict caps a five-year effort by the office of New York State Attorney General Letitia James .

On Friday afternoon, James issued a statement celebrating the verdict.

She said that Trump has engaged in fraud for years to enrich his own family and company.

Now, he and his codefendants will have to pay more than $450 million, including interest.

"While he may have authored the 'Art of the Deal,' our case revealed that his business was based on the art of the steal," she said.

Trump is expected to immediately appeal, likely putting these and other punishments from the 92-page verdict on ice well past the November election.

But in the coming weeks, Trump will still have to spend millions on a surety bond — a bond guaranteeing performance of a contract or obligation — to guarantee he can pay whatever dollar figure, plus interest, an appellate court ultimately upholds.

Interest also applies to the penalties, potentially adding millions more to his ultimate verdict price tag.

"When confronted at trial with the statements, defendants' fact and expert witnesses simply denied reality, and defendants failed to accept responsibility or to impose internal controls to prevent future recurrences," Engoron wrote Friday.

The verdict holds Trump civilly liable, based on Engoron's three-month Manhattan bench trial, for leading a conspiracy to commit business and insurance fraud with help from his two eldest sons and a pair of long-standing Trump Organization executives.

"Their complete lack of contrition and remorse borders on pathological," Engoron wrote.

"They are accused only of inflating asset values to make more money," the verdict said.

"The documents prove this over and over again. This is a venial sin, not a mortal sin," he added. "Defendants did not commit murder or arson. They did not rob a bank at gunpoint. Donald Trump is not Bernard Madoff. Yet, defendants are incapable of admitting the error of their ways."

In a statement, a Trump Organization spokesperson decried the verdict as a "gross miscarriage of justice."

"Every member of the New York business community, no matter the industry, should be gravely concerned with this gross overreach and brazen attempt by the Attorney General to exert limitless power where no private or public harm has been established," the spokesperson said in the statement. "If allowed to stand, this ruling will only further expedite the continuing exodus of companies from New York."

Read Friday's verdict here .

"Today, justice has been served. This is a tremendous victory for this state, this nation, and for everyone who believes that we all must play by the same rules — even former presidents," James said in her statement Friday. 

" When powerful people cheat to get better loans, it comes at the expense of honest and hardworking people," James continued. "Everyday Americans cannot lie to a bank to get a mortgage to buy a home, and if they did, our government would throw the book at them. There simply cannot be different rules for different people .

Some lesser penalties

The verdict also bans Trump and the Trump Organization from borrowing from New York banks or purchasing real estate in the state for three years. James had asked for a five-year ban on such buying and borrowing in her lawsuit.

Donald Trump Jr. and Eric Trump are banned from running a New York business for two years. James had asked for five-year bans for the brothers.

And it bans the two former executives, the ex-CFO Weisselberg and the former Trump Organization controller Jeff McConney, from controlling another New York company's finances.

does a business plan have a conclusion

Watch: Trump fights back as fraud trial begins

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IR-2024-45, Feb. 21, 2024

WASHINGTON — During the busiest time of the tax filing season, the Internal Revenue Service kicked off its 2024 Tax Time Guide series to help remind taxpayers of key items they’ll need to file a 2023 tax return.

As part of its four-part, weekly Tax Time Guide series, the IRS continues to provide new and updated resources to help taxpayers file an accurate tax return. Taxpayers can count on IRS.gov for updated resources and tools along with a special free help page available around the clock. Taxpayers are also encouraged to read Publication 17, Your Federal Income Tax (For Individuals) for additional guidance.

Essentials to filing an accurate tax return

The deadline this tax season for filing Form 1040, U.S. Individual Income Tax Return , or 1040-SR, U.S. Tax Return for Seniors , is April 15, 2024. However, those who live in Maine or Massachusetts will have until April 17, 2024, to file due to official holidays observed in those states.

Taxpayers are advised to wait until they receive all their proper tax documents before filing their tax returns. Filing without all the necessary documents could lead to mistakes and potential delays.

It’s important for taxpayers to carefully review their documents for any inaccuracies or missing information. If any issues are found, taxpayers should contact the payer immediately to request a correction or confirm that the payer has their current mailing or email address on file.

Creating an IRS Online Account can provide taxpayers with secure access to information about their federal tax account, including payment history, tax records and other important information.

Having organized tax records can make the process of preparing a complete and accurate tax return easier and may also help taxpayers identify any overlooked deductions or credits .

Taxpayers who have an Individual Taxpayer Identification Number or ITIN may need to renew it if it has expired and is required for a U.S. federal tax return. If an expiring or expired ITIN is not renewed, the IRS can still accept the tax return, but it may result in processing delays or delays in credits owed.

Changes to credits and deductions for tax year 2023

Standard deduction amount increased. For 2023, the standard deduction amount has been increased for all filers. The amounts are:

  • Single or married filing separately — $13,850.
  • Head of household — $20,800.
  • Married filing jointly or qualifying surviving spouse — $27,700.

Additional child tax credit amount increased. The maximum additional child tax credit amount has increased to $1,600 for each qualifying child.

Child tax credit enhancements. Many changes to the Child tax credit (CTC) that had been implemented by the American Rescue Plan Act of 2021 have expired.

However, the IRS continues to closely monitor legislation being considered by Congress affecting the Child Tax Credit. The IRS reminds taxpayers eligible for the Child Tax Credit that they should not wait to file their 2023 tax return this filing season. If Congress changes the CTC guidelines, the IRS will automatically make adjustments for those who have already filed so no additional action will be needed by those eligible taxpayers.

Under current law, for tax year 2023, the following currently apply:

  • The enhanced credit allowed for qualifying children under age 6 and children under age 18 has expired. For 2023, the initial amount of the CTC is $2,000 for each qualifying child. The credit amount begins to phase out where AGI income exceeds $200,000 ($400,000 in the case of a joint return). The amount of the CTC that can be claimed as a refundable credit is limited as it was in 2020 except that the maximum ACTC amount for each qualifying child increased to $1,500.
  • The increased age allowance for a qualifying child has expired. A child must be under age 17 at the end of 2023 to be a qualifying child.

Changes to the Earned Income Tax Credit (EITC). The enhancements for taxpayers without a qualifying child implemented by the American Rescue Plan Act of 2021 will not apply for tax year 2023. To claim the EITC without a qualifying child in 2023, taxpayers must be at least age 25 but under age 65 at the end of 2023. If a taxpayer is married filing a joint return, one spouse must be at least age 25 but under age 65 at the end of 2023.

Taxpayers may find more information on Child tax credits in the Instructions for Schedule 8812 (Form 1040) .

New Clean Vehicle Credit. The credit for new qualified plug-in electric drive motor vehicles has changed. This credit is now known as the Clean Vehicle Credit. The maximum amount of the credit and some of the requirements to claim the credit have changed. The credit is reported on Form 8936, Qualified Plug-In Electric Drive Motor Vehicle Credit , and on Form 1040, Schedule 3.

More information on these and other credit and deduction changes for tax year 2023 may be found in the Publication 17, Your Federal Income Tax (For Individuals) , taxpayer guide.

1099-K reporting requirements have not changed for tax year 2023

Following feedback from taxpayers, tax professionals and payment processors, and to reduce taxpayer confusion, the IRS recently released Notice 2023-74 announcing a delay of the new $600 reporting threshold for tax year 2023 on Form 1099-K, Payment Card and Third-Party Network Transactions . The previous reporting thresholds will remain in place for 2023.

The IRS has published a fact sheet with further information to assist taxpayers concerning changes to 1099-K reporting requirements for tax year 2023.

Form 1099-K reporting requirements

Taxpayers who take direct payment by credit, debit or gift cards for selling goods or providing services by customers or clients should get a Form 1099-K from their payment processor or payment settlement entity no matter how many payments they got or how much they were for.

If they used a payment app or online marketplace and received over $20,000 from over 200 transactions,

the payment app or online marketplace is required to send a Form 1099-K. However, they can send a Form 1099-K with lower amounts. Whether or not the taxpayer receives a Form 1099-K, they must still report any income on their tax return.

What’s taxable? It’s the profit from these activities that’s taxable income. The Form 1099-K shows the gross or total amount of payments received. Taxpayers can use it and other records to figure out the actual taxes they owe on any profits. Remember that all income, no matter the amount, is taxable unless the tax law says it isn’t – even if taxpayers don’t get a Form 1099-K.

What’s not taxable? Taxpayers shouldn’t receive a Form 1099-K for personal payments, including money received as a gift and for repayment of shared expenses. That money isn’t taxable. To prevent getting an inaccurate Form 1099-K, note those payments as “personal,” if possible.

Good recordkeeping is key. Be sure to keep good records because it helps when it’s time to file a tax return. It’s a good idea to keep business and personal transactions separate to make it easier to figure out what a taxpayer owes.

For details on what to do if a taxpayer gets a Form 1099-K in error or the information on their form is incorrect, visit IRS.gov/1099k  or find frequently asked questions at Form 1099-K FAQs .

Direct File pilot program provides a new option this year for some

The IRS launched the Direct File pilot program during the 2024 tax season. The pilot will give eligible taxpayers an option to prepare and electronically file their 2023 tax returns, for free, directly with the IRS.

The Direct File pilot program will be offered to eligible taxpayers in 12 pilot states who have relatively simple tax returns reporting only certain types of income and claiming limited credits and deductions. The 12 states currently participating in the Direct File pilot program are Arizona, California, Florida, Massachusetts, Nevada, New Hampshire, New York, South Dakota, Tennessee, Texas, Washington state and Wyoming. Taxpayers can check their eligibility at directfile.irs.gov .

The Direct File pilot is currently in the internal testing phase and will be more widely available in mid-March. Taxpayers can get the latest news about the pilot at Direct File pilot news and sign up to be notified when Direct File is open to new users.

Finally, for comprehensive information on all these and other changes for tax year 2023, taxpayers and tax professionals are encouraged to read the Publication 17, Your Federal Income Tax (For Individuals) , taxpayer guide, as well as visit other topics of taxpayer interest on IRS.gov.

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How To Write the Conclusion of a Business Plan

Your business plan’s conclusion should encapsulate your overall justification for why your venture will succeed in order to draw investors or motivate your staff. Additionally, it ought to give a short future outlook outlining your goals for development and growth. The conclusion should also restate your company’s key selling points and leave readers with a favorable impression.

Business Plan Writer Explains How to Write a Business Plan: Part 8 The Conclusion

How to write a business plan conclusion

When writing a business plan’s conclusion, adhere to these guidelines:

1. Decide where you want it to be

Choose whether you want the executive summary or the entire document to contain your business plan’s conclusion. Consider placing the conclusion at the end of the executive summary if you are writing a business plan to attract investors or raise money. The executive summary introduces the key points of the business plan and outlines the company’s funding requirements and conditions. It can be more persuasive to potential investors to place the conclusion at the end of this summary, and it also increases the likelihood that it will be read.

You might select a more conventional location for your conclusion at the end of the document if you are writing a business plan for an established company to track progress or provide information to a third party. In this case, your conclusion should review and highlight the company’s advantages.

2. Include the right information

Depending on whether your business is a startup looking to raise capital or an established organization evaluating goals, the information you include in your business plan conclusion will vary. New companies trying to get funding might include:

Established businesses might include information in their conclusions such as:

Not all conclusions need all these details. The most crucial information for the purpose of your business plan should be included, but the conclusion should be brief. When selecting what to include in your conclusion, keep your audience in mind. Focus on the value your company provides to investors, for instance, and the reasons why this opportunity is special. Focus on company leadership’s experience and ways to lower the lender’s risk when applying for a business loan.

3. Add facts and statistics

Facts, figures, and statistics should be used to support the conclusions in your business plan. Investors want evidence that your business can succeed and that they will see a return on their investment. Include details like your track record of expanding this or other businesses, or the information you used to calculate how much funding you need. This information is more convincing than assumptions or vague statements.

4. Maintain a positive tone

Your business plan’s conclusion should be formal and upbeat in nature. You want to convey your optimism and enthusiasm for the company’s success so that the reader will feel motivated or enthusiastic to support the business. Use language that is assertive and active and conveys your confidence in the business.

5. Include a call to action

At the conclusion of your essay, include a brief call to action that instructs the reader on what to do next. The reader should be motivated to support the business’s objectives in the manner you desire. You might conclude by saying something like, “Invest in the success of Harper Corps by joining us as a minority partner in WinTec Enterprises.” In your call to action, use action words and emphasize how the reader will benefit from taking that action.

6. Review your conclusion

Make sure your business plan’s conclusion is written with proper spelling, grammar, and punctuation by reading it after you’ve finished. You want it to flow naturally and be both concise and clear. Ask a friend or coworker who is not familiar with the objectives of your company to read it as well. Ask them if they have any questions about the book’s conclusion and whether reading it has piqued their interest or excitement. Then make improvements as needed.

What is a business plan conclusion?

The goal of a business plan conclusion is to persuade the reader of the company’s success by summarizing the plan’s advantages. The conclusion should highlight how the organization makes money and why it is a good investment because businesses typically produce business plans in order to obtain funding or investors. Businesses also create business plans to evaluate their performance or set new objectives.

In a business plan, the conclusion can be found at the end of the whole thing or at the end of the executive summary. The executive summary, which appears at the start of the business plan, provides an overview of what the reader can expect to learn and persuades them to continue reading. Some people conflate the executive summary and the conclusion, but there are several significant differences between the two.

Every business, whether new or established, should have a business plan with a succinct and focused conclusion.

Business plan conclusion example

Use this sample business plan conclusion as a model for your own plan’s conclusion, being sure to customize it to your target audience’s needs and requirements:

Expanding Bridgewater & Co. Our already prosperous company will be able to provide cutting-edge health technologies to more people who need them thanks to its expansion into the Denver metropolitan area. Buying this manufacturing facility in Denver gives us the chance to produce all of our goods internally and in a single location and ship them out quickly and effectively to the area. We want Sixty-Seven Investors to be a part of this exciting revolution because we have the unique ability to change lives. Investing in Bridgewater & Co. s expansion benefits Sixty-Seven Investors by:

We can save more lives if we work together, Bridgewater & Co. Products change, add to the community’s employment opportunities, and revolutionize the health technology sector. Invest with us if you share our vision for a more prosperous and healthy future.

How do you conclude a business plan presentation?

Conclusion. The conclusion of a business plan doesn’t necessarily need to be lengthy; in fact, it can be quite succinct. Your conclusion should restate the opportunity, highlight the plan’s key strengths, summarize your vision, and remind the reader of the reasons why your company is in a position to carry out the plan successfully.

What is summary in business plan?

One of the most crucial components of your plan is the executive summary, which is a synopsis of all the important sections of your business plan.

What should be done after finishing the business plan?

  • Make sure it connects to your purpose.
  • Begin to test and measure.
  • Use the 80/20 rule.
  • Learn something new (quickly)

What is recommendation in a business plan?

A business recommendation letter, also known as a reference letter, is an endorsement of the products or services that one company has provided to another business or individual.

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  1. How To Write the Conclusion of a Business Plan (With Tips)

    Each business plan includes a conclusion that outlines its key points and the company's strengths. An effective business plan conclusion will convince the reader that the business is going to be successful. In this article, we explain how to write the conclusion of a business plan and we provide an example to guide you. Related jobs on Indeed

  2. How to Conclude a Business Plan

    A business plan conclusion redefines the company's needs, the competence of management to achieve the goals and the key points to justify why the business will succeed with funding.

  3. Business Plan Conclusion: Summary & Recap

    Review & Concisely Recap The conclusion should be an even more concise version of your business plan executive summary. Pick the top 3-5 points from your executive summary that may best persuade an investor to provide you with the money your company needs to succeed.

  4. How To Write A Business Plan (2024 Guide)

    Describe Your Services or Products. The business plan should have a section that explains the services or products that you're offering. This is the part where you can also describe how they fit ...

  5. How to Conclude a Business Plan

    Inside every business plan is a conclusion - and it varies depending on the industry and the audience. Regardless, this is your final pitch to summarize your entire report. A solid business plan conclusion example is one that highlights strengths and ensures the reader that your business will be a success. Tip

  6. Where to write the conclusion of your business plan?

    Yes, but the conclusion of the business plan is not necessarily where you would expect it to be! The conclusion of the business plan is not at the end of the plan but in the executive summary. And there are two good reasons for that.

  7. Business Plan: What it Is, How to Write One

    Learn about the best business plan software. 1. Write an executive summary. This is your elevator pitch. It should include a mission statement, a brief description of the products or services your ...

  8. Business Plan: What It Is, What's Included, and How to Write One

    Business Plan: A business plan is a written document that describes in detail how a business, usually a new one, is going to achieve its goals. A business plan lays out a written plan from a ...

  9. 12.13: Conclusion

    12.13: Conclusion. In this chapter, we have illustrated the process and the elements that are used to develop a full-blown business plan. The key points are the following: The FAD template, the Organizational and Industry Analysis template, the Business Plan Overview template and executive summary are used as the basis for developing the full ...

  10. Business Plan (8)

    A business plan conclusion, doesn't need to be very long, in fact, it can be pretty brief. Your conclusion should; reiterate the opportunity, highlight the key strengths of your plan, summarise your vision, and remind the reader why your business is in a position to successfully execute the plan.

  11. Writing an Effective Business Plan Conclusion: Tips & Examples

    A business plan conclusion should cover the opportunity, highlight the strengths of your plan, summarize your vision, and remind the reader why your business is in a unique position to succeed. A template example of a solid business plan conclusion follows:

  12. How to Write the Conclusion Section of your Business Plan

    30 Mar This tutorial explains how to write the conclusion for a business document, for example, a report, thesis, project, or any document that needs a section to gather together the main points. The structure of the conclusion is as follows: Reviewing this conclusion, we can see that it mirrors the structure of the executive summary.

  13. Business Plan Conclusion: Summary & Recap [Updated 2022]

    A business plan conclusion is a summary of a business plan's strengths designed to convince the reader of the company's success. Because companies typically create business plans to get funding or investors, the conclusion should focus on how the organization makes money and why it is a good investment. How to write a business plan conclusion

  14. How to Write a Great Business Report Conclusion: Everything ...

    Now that you understand what a conclusion is and why it's so important to include it in your report, let's show you how you can write the perfect one and impress your readers. Follow these steps to create a great business report conclusion. Choose the Position. Include the Right Information. Summarize the Contents.

  15. Nicholas G. Coriano: Business Plan Conclusion

    Business Plan Conclusion The End of a Business Plan should summarize all the facts you gathered in your business plan. A template example of a solid business plan conclusion follows (feel free to use this in your business plan):

  16. How to Write a Conclusion (With Tips and Examples)

    1. Restate the thesis. An effective conclusion brings the reader back to the main point, reminding the reader of the purpose of the essay. However, avoid repeating the thesis verbatim. Paraphrase your argument slightly while still preserving the primary point. 2. Reiterate supporting points.

  17. I Tried 10 AI Project Management Tools to See if They're Worth It

    I would criticize Motion's calendar as it offers only daily and weekly views and not monthly. I plan, so this is an issue for me. I have sent the feedback to their development team. In the meantime, I do have a solution: using One Cal alongside Motion. More on that below. How Motion Supported My Project Management

  18. Read the full decision in Trump's New York civil fraud case

    The judge's ruling orders former President Donald Trump and his company to pay $354 million in fines, plus almost $100 million in interest, and restricts Trump's business activities in the state.

  19. Some lesser penalties

    In a scathing verdict that punishes a decade of deceit, the judge in Donald Trump's New York civil-fraud case on Friday slammed the GOP frontrunner, his two eldest sons, and his company with a ...

  20. Five moves Walmart is making to overhaul its business for the ...

    Under the plan Walmart announced, people who own shares by close of business on February 22 will get two additional new shares of Walmart for every share they own.

  21. Does A Business Plan Have A Conclusion

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  22. Does A Business Plan Have A Conclusion

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  23. Tax Time Guide 2024: What to know before completing a tax return

    Many changes to the Child tax credit (CTC) that had been implemented by the American Rescue Plan Act of 2021 have expired. However, the IRS continues to closely monitor legislation being considered by Congress affecting the Child Tax Credit. ... It's a good idea to keep business and personal transactions separate to make it easier to figure ...

  24. Does A Business Plan Have A Conclusion

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  25. How To Write the Conclusion of a Business Plan

    1. Decide where you want it to be Choose whether you want the executive summary or the entire document to contain your business plan's conclusion. Consider placing the conclusion at the end of the executive summary if you are writing a business plan to attract investors or raise money.

  26. Does A Business Plan Have A Conclusion

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  27. Does A Business Plan Have A Conclusion

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  28. Does A Business Plan Have A Conclusion

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