This browser is no longer supported.

Upgrade to Microsoft Edge to take advantage of the latest features, security updates, and technical support.

C Assignment Operators

  • 6 contributors

An assignment operation assigns the value of the right-hand operand to the storage location named by the left-hand operand. Therefore, the left-hand operand of an assignment operation must be a modifiable l-value. After the assignment, an assignment expression has the value of the left operand but isn't an l-value.

assignment-expression :   conditional-expression   unary-expression assignment-operator assignment-expression

assignment-operator : one of   = *= /= %= += -= <<= >>= &= ^= |=

The assignment operators in C can both transform and assign values in a single operation. C provides the following assignment operators:

In assignment, the type of the right-hand value is converted to the type of the left-hand value, and the value is stored in the left operand after the assignment has taken place. The left operand must not be an array, a function, or a constant. The specific conversion path, which depends on the two types, is outlined in detail in Type Conversions .

  • Assignment Operators

Was this page helpful?

Coming soon: Throughout 2024 we will be phasing out GitHub Issues as the feedback mechanism for content and replacing it with a new feedback system. For more information see: https://aka.ms/ContentUserFeedback .

Submit and view feedback for

Additional resources

Next: Execution Control Expressions , Previous: Arithmetic , Up: Top   [ Contents ][ Index ]

7 Assignment Expressions

As a general concept in programming, an assignment is a construct that stores a new value into a place where values can be stored—for instance, in a variable. Such places are called lvalues (see Lvalues ) because they are locations that hold a value.

An assignment in C is an expression because it has a value; we call it an assignment expression . A simple assignment looks like

We say it assigns the value of the expression value-to-store to the location lvalue , or that it stores value-to-store there. You can think of the “l” in “lvalue” as standing for “left,” since that’s what you put on the left side of the assignment operator.

However, that’s not the only way to use an lvalue, and not all lvalues can be assigned to. To use the lvalue in the left side of an assignment, it has to be modifiable . In C, that means it was not declared with the type qualifier const (see const ).

The value of the assignment expression is that of lvalue after the new value is stored in it. This means you can use an assignment inside other expressions. Assignment operators are right-associative so that

is equivalent to

This is the only useful way for them to associate; the other way,

would be invalid since an assignment expression such as x = y is not valid as an lvalue.

Warning: Write parentheses around an assignment if you nest it inside another expression, unless that is a conditional expression, or comma-separated series, or another assignment.

CProgramming Tutorial

  • C Programming Tutorial
  • C - Overview
  • C - Features
  • C - History
  • C - Environment Setup
  • C - Program Structure
  • C - Hello World
  • C - Compilation Process
  • C - Comments
  • C - Keywords
  • C - Identifiers
  • C - User Input
  • C - Basic Syntax
  • C - Data Types
  • C - Variables
  • C - Integer Promotions
  • C - Type Conversion
  • C - Constants
  • C - Literals
  • C - Escape sequences
  • C - Format Specifiers
  • C - Storage Classes
  • C - Operators
  • C - Decision Making
  • C - While loop
  • C - Functions
  • C - Scope Rules
  • C - Pointers
  • C - Strings
  • C - Structures
  • C - Bit Fields
  • C - Typedef
  • C - Input & Output
  • C - File I/O
  • C - Preprocessors
  • C - Header Files
  • C - Type Casting
  • C - Error Handling
  • C - Recursion
  • C - Variable Arguments
  • C - Memory Management
  • C - Command Line Arguments
  • C Programming Resources
  • C - Questions & Answers
  • C - Quick Guide
  • C - Useful Resources
  • C - Discussion
  • Selected Reading
  • UPSC IAS Exams Notes
  • Developer's Best Practices
  • Questions and Answers
  • Effective Resume Writing
  • HR Interview Questions
  • Computer Glossary

Assignment Operators in C

In C, the assignment operator stores a certain value in an already declared variable. A variable in C can be assigned the value in the form of a literal, another variable or an expression. The value to be assigned forms the right hand operand, whereas the variable to be assigned should be the operand to the left of = symbol, which is defined as a simple assignment operator in C. In addition, C has several augmented assignment operators.

The following table lists the assignment operators supported by the C language −

Simple assignment operator (=)

The = operator is the most frequently used operator in C. As per ANSI C standard, all the variables must be declared in the beginning. Variable declaration after the first processing statement is not allowed. You can declare a variable to be assigned a value later in the code, or you can initialize it at the time of declaration.

You can use a literal, another variable or an expression in the assignment statement.

Once a variable of a certain type is declared, it cannot be assigned a value of any other type. In such a case the C compiler reports a type mismatch error.

In C, the expressions that refer to a memory location are called "lvalue" expressions. A lvalue may appear as either the left-hand or right-hand side of an assignment.

On the other hand, the term rvalue refers to a data value that is stored at some address in memory. A rvalue is an expression that cannot have a value assigned to it which means an rvalue may appear on the right-hand side but not on the left-hand side of an assignment.

Variables are lvalues and so they may appear on the left-hand side of an assignment. Numeric literals are rvalues and so they may not be assigned and cannot appear on the left-hand side. Take a look at the following valid and invalid statements −

Augmented assignment operators

In addition to the = operator, C allows you to combine arithmetic and bitwise operators with the = symbol to form augmented or compound assignment operator. The augmented operators offer a convenient shortcut for combining arithmetic or bitwise operation with assignment.

For example, the expression a+=b has the same effect of performing a+b first and then assigning the result back to the variable a.

Similarly, the expression a<<=b has the same effect of performing a<<b first and then assigning the result back to the variable a.

Here is a C program that demonstrates the use of assignment operators in C:

When you compile and execute the above program, it produces the following result −

Learn C++

21.12 — Overloading the assignment operator

The copy assignment operator (operator=) is used to copy values from one object to another already existing object .

Related content

As of C++11, C++ also supports “Move assignment”. We discuss move assignment in lesson 22.3 -- Move constructors and move assignment .

Copy assignment vs Copy constructor

The purpose of the copy constructor and the copy assignment operator are almost equivalent -- both copy one object to another. However, the copy constructor initializes new objects, whereas the assignment operator replaces the contents of existing objects.

The difference between the copy constructor and the copy assignment operator causes a lot of confusion for new programmers, but it’s really not all that difficult. Summarizing:

  • If a new object has to be created before the copying can occur, the copy constructor is used (note: this includes passing or returning objects by value).
  • If a new object does not have to be created before the copying can occur, the assignment operator is used.

Overloading the assignment operator

Overloading the copy assignment operator (operator=) is fairly straightforward, with one specific caveat that we’ll get to. The copy assignment operator must be overloaded as a member function.

This prints:

This should all be pretty straightforward by now. Our overloaded operator= returns *this, so that we can chain multiple assignments together:

Issues due to self-assignment

Here’s where things start to get a little more interesting. C++ allows self-assignment:

This will call f1.operator=(f1), and under the simplistic implementation above, all of the members will be assigned to themselves. In this particular example, the self-assignment causes each member to be assigned to itself, which has no overall impact, other than wasting time. In most cases, a self-assignment doesn’t need to do anything at all!

However, in cases where an assignment operator needs to dynamically assign memory, self-assignment can actually be dangerous:

First, run the program as it is. You’ll see that the program prints “Alex” as it should.

Now run the following program:

You’ll probably get garbage output. What happened?

Consider what happens in the overloaded operator= when the implicit object AND the passed in parameter (str) are both variable alex. In this case, m_data is the same as str.m_data. The first thing that happens is that the function checks to see if the implicit object already has a string. If so, it needs to delete it, so we don’t end up with a memory leak. In this case, m_data is allocated, so the function deletes m_data. But because str is the same as *this, the string that we wanted to copy has been deleted and m_data (and str.m_data) are dangling.

Later on, we allocate new memory to m_data (and str.m_data). So when we subsequently copy the data from str.m_data into m_data, we’re copying garbage, because str.m_data was never initialized.

Detecting and handling self-assignment

Fortunately, we can detect when self-assignment occurs. Here’s an updated implementation of our overloaded operator= for the MyString class:

By checking if the address of our implicit object is the same as the address of the object being passed in as a parameter, we can have our assignment operator just return immediately without doing any other work.

Because this is just a pointer comparison, it should be fast, and does not require operator== to be overloaded.

When not to handle self-assignment

Typically the self-assignment check is skipped for copy constructors. Because the object being copy constructed is newly created, the only case where the newly created object can be equal to the object being copied is when you try to initialize a newly defined object with itself:

In such cases, your compiler should warn you that c is an uninitialized variable.

Second, the self-assignment check may be omitted in classes that can naturally handle self-assignment. Consider this Fraction class assignment operator that has a self-assignment guard:

If the self-assignment guard did not exist, this function would still operate correctly during a self-assignment (because all of the operations done by the function can handle self-assignment properly).

Because self-assignment is a rare event, some prominent C++ gurus recommend omitting the self-assignment guard even in classes that would benefit from it. We do not recommend this, as we believe it’s a better practice to code defensively and then selectively optimize later.

The copy and swap idiom

A better way to handle self-assignment issues is via what’s called the copy and swap idiom. There’s a great writeup of how this idiom works on Stack Overflow .

The implicit copy assignment operator

Unlike other operators, the compiler will provide an implicit public copy assignment operator for your class if you do not provide a user-defined one. This assignment operator does memberwise assignment (which is essentially the same as the memberwise initialization that default copy constructors do).

Just like other constructors and operators, you can prevent assignments from being made by making your copy assignment operator private or using the delete keyword:

Note that if your class has const members, the compiler will instead define the implicit operator= as deleted. This is because const members can’t be assigned, so the compiler will assume your class should not be assignable.

If you want a class with const members to be assignable (for all members that aren’t const), you will need to explicitly overload operator= and manually assign each non-const member.

guest

Learn C practically and Get Certified .

Popular Tutorials

Popular examples, reference materials, learn c interactively, c introduction.

  • Keywords & Identifier
  • Variables & Constants
  • C Data Types
  • C Input/Output
  • C Operators
  • C Introduction Examples

C Flow Control

  • C if...else
  • C while Loop
  • C break and continue
  • C switch...case
  • C Programming goto
  • Control Flow Examples

C Functions

  • C Programming Functions
  • C User-defined Functions
  • C Function Types
  • C Recursion
  • C Storage Class
  • C Function Examples
  • C Programming Arrays
  • C Multi-dimensional Arrays
  • C Arrays & Function
  • C Programming Pointers
  • C Pointers & Arrays
  • C Pointers And Functions
  • C Memory Allocation
  • Array & Pointer Examples

C Programming Strings

  • C Programming String
  • C String Functions
  • C String Examples

Structure And Union

  • C Structure
  • C Struct & Pointers
  • C Struct & Function
  • C struct Examples

C Programming Files

  • C Files Input/Output
  • C Files Examples

Additional Topics

  • C Enumeration
  • C Preprocessors
  • C Standard Library
  • C Programming Examples

Bitwise Operators in C Programming

C Precedence And Associativity Of Operators

  • Compute Quotient and Remainder
  • Find the Size of int, float, double and char

C if...else Statement

  • Demonstrate the Working of Keyword long

C Programming Operators

An operator is a symbol that operates on a value or a variable. For example: + is an operator to perform addition.

C has a wide range of operators to perform various operations.

C Arithmetic Operators

An arithmetic operator performs mathematical operations such as addition, subtraction, multiplication, division etc on numerical values (constants and variables).

Example 1: Arithmetic Operators

The operators + , - and * computes addition, subtraction, and multiplication respectively as you might have expected.

In normal calculation, 9/4 = 2.25 . However, the output is 2 in the program.

It is because both the variables a and b are integers. Hence, the output is also an integer. The compiler neglects the term after the decimal point and shows answer 2 instead of 2.25 .

The modulo operator % computes the remainder. When a=9 is divided by b=4 , the remainder is 1 . The % operator can only be used with integers.

Suppose a = 5.0 , b = 2.0 , c = 5 and d = 2 . Then in C programming,

C Increment and Decrement Operators

C programming has two operators increment ++ and decrement -- to change the value of an operand (constant or variable) by 1.

Increment ++ increases the value by 1 whereas decrement -- decreases the value by 1. These two operators are unary operators, meaning they only operate on a single operand.

Example 2: Increment and Decrement Operators

Here, the operators ++ and -- are used as prefixes. These two operators can also be used as postfixes like a++ and a-- . Visit this page to learn more about how increment and decrement operators work when used as postfix .

C Assignment Operators

An assignment operator is used for assigning a value to a variable. The most common assignment operator is =

Example 3: Assignment Operators

C relational operators.

A relational operator checks the relationship between two operands. If the relation is true, it returns 1; if the relation is false, it returns value 0.

Relational operators are used in decision making and loops .

Example 4: Relational Operators

C logical operators.

An expression containing logical operator returns either 0 or 1 depending upon whether expression results true or false. Logical operators are commonly used in decision making in C programming .

Example 5: Logical Operators

Explanation of logical operator program

  • (a == b) && (c > 5) evaluates to 1 because both operands (a == b) and (c > b) is 1 (true).
  • (a == b) && (c < b) evaluates to 0 because operand (c < b) is 0 (false).
  • (a == b) || (c < b) evaluates to 1 because (a = b) is 1 (true).
  • (a != b) || (c < b) evaluates to 0 because both operand (a != b) and (c < b) are 0 (false).
  • !(a != b) evaluates to 1 because operand (a != b) is 0 (false). Hence, !(a != b) is 1 (true).
  • !(a == b) evaluates to 0 because (a == b) is 1 (true). Hence, !(a == b) is 0 (false).

C Bitwise Operators

During computation, mathematical operations like: addition, subtraction, multiplication, division, etc are converted to bit-level which makes processing faster and saves power.

Bitwise operators are used in C programming to perform bit-level operations.

Visit bitwise operator in C to learn more.

Other Operators

Comma operator.

Comma operators are used to link related expressions together. For example:

The sizeof operator

The sizeof is a unary operator that returns the size of data (constants, variables, array, structure, etc).

Example 6: sizeof Operator

Other operators such as ternary operator ?: , reference operator & , dereference operator * and member selection operator  ->  will be discussed in later tutorials.

Table of Contents

  • Arithmetic Operators
  • Increment and Decrement Operators
  • Assignment Operators
  • Relational Operators
  • Logical Operators
  • sizeof Operator

Video: Arithmetic Operators in C

Sorry about that.

Related Tutorials

  • C++ Data Types
  • C++ Input/Output
  • C++ Pointers
  • C++ Interview Questions
  • C++ Programs
  • C++ Cheatsheet
  • C++ Projects
  • C++ Exception Handling
  • C++ Memory Management

Related Articles

  • Solve Coding Problems
  • C++ Variable Templates
  • Unique_ptr in C++
  • vTable And vPtr in C++
  • Difference Between Compile Time And Run Time Polymorphism In C++
  • std::endian in C++ 20
  • Nested Try Blocks in C++
  • String Tokenization in C
  • Variable Shadowing in C++
  • Pass By Reference In C
  • User-Defined Data Types In C
  • Array Decay In C
  • Partial Template Specialization in C++
  • Decision Making in C++
  • Introduction to GUI Programming in C++
  • Literals In C++
  • Attendance Marking System in C++
  • Address Operator & in C
  • C++20 std::basic_syncbuf
  • std::shared_mutex in C++

Assignment Operators In C++

In C++, the assignment operator forms the backbone of many algorithms and computational processes by performing a simple operation like assigning a value to a variable. It is denoted by equal sign ( = ) and provides one of the most basic operations in any programming language that is used to assign some value to the variables in C++ or in other words, it is used to store some kind of information.

The right-hand side value will be assigned to the variable on the left-hand side. The variable and the value should be of the same data type.

The value can be a literal or another variable of the same data type.

Compound Assignment Operators

In C++, the assignment operator can be combined into a single operator with some other operators to perform a combination of two operations in one single statement. These operators are called Compound Assignment Operators. There are 10 compound assignment operators in C++:

  • Addition Assignment Operator ( += )
  • Subtraction Assignment Operator ( -= )
  • Multiplication Assignment Operator ( *= )
  • Division Assignment Operator ( /= )
  • Modulus Assignment Operator ( %= )
  • Bitwise AND Assignment Operator ( &= )
  • Bitwise OR Assignment Operator ( |= )
  • Bitwise XOR Assignment Operator ( ^= )
  • Left Shift Assignment Operator ( <<= )
  • Right Shift Assignment Operator ( >>= )

Lets see each of them in detail.

1. Addition Assignment Operator (+=)

In C++, the addition assignment operator (+=) combines the addition operation with the variable assignment allowing you to increment the value of variable by a specified expression in a concise and efficient way.

This above expression is equivalent to the expression:

2. Subtraction Assignment Operator (-=)

The subtraction assignment operator (-=) in C++ enables you to update the value of the variable by subtracting another value from it. This operator is especially useful when you need to perform subtraction and store the result back in the same variable.

3. Multiplication Assignment Operator (*=)

In C++, the multiplication assignment operator (*=) is used to update the value of the variable by multiplying it with another value.

4. Division Assignment Operator (/=)

The division assignment operator divides the variable on the left by the value on the right and assigns the result to the variable on the left.

5. Modulus Assignment Operator (%=)

The modulus assignment operator calculates the remainder when the variable on the left is divided by the value or variable on the right and assigns the result to the variable on the left.

6. Bitwise AND Assignment Operator (&=)

This operator performs a bitwise AND between the variable on the left and the value on the right and assigns the result to the variable on the left.

7. Bitwise OR Assignment Operator (|=)

The bitwise OR assignment operator performs a bitwise OR between the variable on the left and the value or variable on the right and assigns the result to the variable on the left.

8. Bitwise XOR Assignment Operator (^=)

The bitwise XOR assignment operator performs a bitwise XOR between the variable on the left and the value or variable on the right and assigns the result to the variable on the left.

9. Left Shift Assignment Operator (<<=)

The left shift assignment operator shifts the bits of the variable on the left to left by the number of positions specified on the right and assigns the result to the variable on the left.

10. Right Shift Assignment Operator (>>=)

The right shift assignment operator shifts the bits of the variable on the left to the right by a number of positions specified on the right and assigns the result to the variable on the left.

Also, it is important to note that all of the above operators can be overloaded for custom operations with user-defined data types to perform the operations we want.

Please Login to comment...

  • Geeks Premier League 2023
  • Geeks Premier League

Improve your Coding Skills with Practice

 alt=

What kind of Experience do you want to share?

cppreference.com

Move assignment operator.

A move assignment operator is a non-template non-static member function with the name operator = that can be called with an argument of the same class type and copies the content of the argument, possibly mutating the argument.

[ edit ] Syntax

For the formal move assignment operator syntax, see function declaration . The syntax list below only demonstrates a subset of all valid move assignment operator syntaxes.

[ edit ] Explanation

The move assignment operator is called whenever it is selected by overload resolution , e.g. when an object appears on the left-hand side of an assignment expression, where the right-hand side is an rvalue of the same or implicitly convertible type.

Move assignment operators typically "steal" the resources held by the argument (e.g. pointers to dynamically-allocated objects, file descriptors, TCP sockets, I/O streams, running threads, etc.), rather than make copies of them, and leave the argument in some valid but otherwise indeterminate state. For example, move-assigning from a std::string or from a std::vector may result in the argument being left empty. This is not, however, a guarantee. A move assignment is less, not more restrictively defined than ordinary assignment; where ordinary assignment must leave two copies of data at completion, move assignment is required to leave only one.

[ edit ] Implicitly-declared move assignment operator

If no user-defined move assignment operators are provided for a class type, and all of the following is true:

  • there are no user-declared copy constructors ;
  • there are no user-declared move constructors ;
  • there are no user-declared copy assignment operators ;
  • there is no user-declared destructor ,

then the compiler will declare a move assignment operator as an inline public member of its class with the signature T & T :: operator = ( T && ) .

A class can have multiple move assignment operators, e.g. both T & T :: operator = ( const T && ) and T & T :: operator = ( T && ) . If some user-defined move assignment operators are present, the user may still force the generation of the implicitly declared move assignment operator with the keyword default .

The implicitly-declared (or defaulted on its first declaration) move assignment operator has an exception specification as described in dynamic exception specification (until C++17) noexcept specification (since C++17) .

Because some assignment operator (move or copy) is always declared for any class, the base class assignment operator is always hidden. If a using-declaration is used to bring in the assignment operator from the base class, and its argument type could be the same as the argument type of the implicit assignment operator of the derived class, the using-declaration is also hidden by the implicit declaration.

[ edit ] Implicitly-defined move assignment operator

If the implicitly-declared move assignment operator is neither deleted nor trivial, it is defined (that is, a function body is generated and compiled) by the compiler if odr-used or needed for constant evaluation (since C++14) .

For union types, the implicitly-defined move assignment operator copies the object representation (as by std::memmove ).

For non-union class types, the move assignment operator performs full member-wise move assignment of the object's direct bases and immediate non-static members, in their declaration order, using built-in assignment for the scalars, memberwise move-assignment for arrays, and move assignment operator for class types (called non-virtually).

As with copy assignment, it is unspecified whether virtual base class subobjects that are accessible through more than one path in the inheritance lattice, are assigned more than once by the implicitly-defined move assignment operator:

[ edit ] Deleted move assignment operator

The implicitly-declared or defaulted move assignment operator for class T is defined as deleted if any of the following conditions is satisfied:

  • T has a non-static data member of a const-qualified non-class type (or possibly multi-dimensional array thereof).
  • T has a non-static data member of a reference type.
  • T has a potentially constructed subobject of class type M (or possibly multi-dimensional array thereof) such that the overload resolution as applied to find M 's move assignment operator
  • does not result in a usable candidate, or
  • in the case of the subobject being a variant member , selects a non-trivial function.

A deleted implicitly-declared move assignment operator is ignored by overload resolution .

[ edit ] Trivial move assignment operator

The move assignment operator for class T is trivial if all of the following is true:

  • It is not user-provided (meaning, it is implicitly-defined or defaulted);
  • T has no virtual member functions;
  • T has no virtual base classes;
  • the move assignment operator selected for every direct base of T is trivial;
  • the move assignment operator selected for every non-static class type (or array of class type) member of T is trivial.

A trivial move assignment operator performs the same action as the trivial copy assignment operator, that is, makes a copy of the object representation as if by std::memmove . All data types compatible with the C language (POD types) are trivially move-assignable.

[ edit ] Eligible move assignment operator

Triviality of eligible move assignment operators determines whether the class is a trivially copyable type .

[ edit ] Notes

If both copy and move assignment operators are provided, overload resolution selects the move assignment if the argument is an rvalue (either a prvalue such as a nameless temporary or an xvalue such as the result of std::move ), and selects the copy assignment if the argument is an lvalue (named object or a function/operator returning lvalue reference). If only the copy assignment is provided, all argument categories select it (as long as it takes its argument by value or as reference to const, since rvalues can bind to const references), which makes copy assignment the fallback for move assignment, when move is unavailable.

It is unspecified whether virtual base class subobjects that are accessible through more than one path in the inheritance lattice, are assigned more than once by the implicitly-defined move assignment operator (same applies to copy assignment ).

See assignment operator overloading for additional detail on the expected behavior of a user-defined move-assignment operator.

[ edit ] Example

[ edit ] defect reports.

The following behavior-changing defect reports were applied retroactively to previously published C++ standards.

[ edit ] See also

  • constructor
  • converting constructor
  • copy assignment
  • copy constructor
  • default constructor
  • aggregate initialization
  • constant initialization
  • copy initialization
  • default initialization
  • direct initialization
  • list initialization
  • reference initialization
  • value initialization
  • zero initialization
  • move constructor
  • Recent changes
  • Offline version
  • What links here
  • Related changes
  • Upload file
  • Special pages
  • Printable version
  • Permanent link
  • Page information
  • In other languages
  • This page was last modified on 11 January 2024, at 19:29.
  • This page has been accessed 755,943 times.
  • Privacy policy
  • About cppreference.com
  • Disclaimers

Powered by MediaWiki

IMAGES

  1. Assignment Operators in C

    assignment operator return value c

  2. Assignment Operators in C Example

    assignment operator return value c

  3. Assignment Operators in C » PREP INSTA

    assignment operator return value c

  4. Assignment Operator in C++

    assignment operator return value c

  5. C++ Operators

    assignment operator return value c

  6. Assignment Operators in C

    assignment operator return value c

VIDEO

  1. USELESS Return from a Function in C++

  2. How to return a multiple value from a single method using out variable in C# using .net 5.0

  3. The Return of the Operator is free everywhere have at it #booktube #books #sciencefiction

  4. Set operation in c++ Part-2

  5. operators in C||arithmetic operator||assignment operator||increment & decrement operator||part-1

  6. Assignment Operator in C Programming

COMMENTS

  1. c

    5 Answers Sorted by: 64 It evaluates to 2 because that's how the standard defines it. From C11 Standard, section 6.5.16: An assignment expression has the value of the left operand after the assignment It's to allow things like this: a = b = c; (although there's some debate as to whether code like that is a good thing or not.)

  2. Assignment Operators in C

    1. "=": This is the simplest assignment operator. This operator is used to assign the value on the right to the variable on the left. Example: a = 10; b = 20; ch = 'y'; 2. "+=": This operator is combination of '+' and '=' operators.

  3. Assignment operators

    Assignment and compound assignment operators are binary operators that modify the variable to their left using the value to their right. becomes equal to becomes equal to the addition of becomes equal to the subtraction of becomes equal to the product of becomes equal to the division of becomes equal to the remainder of

  4. Assignment operators

    Syntax expression assignment-operator expression assignment-operator: one of = *= /= %= += -= <<= >>= &= ^= |= Remarks Assignment operators store a value in the object specified by the left operand. There are two kinds of assignment operations:

  5. C Assignment Operators

    An assignment operation assigns the value of the right-hand operand to the storage location named by the left-hand operand. Therefore, the left-hand operand of an assignment operation must be a modifiable l-value. ... The assignment operators in C can both transform and assign values in a single operation. C provides the following assignment ...

  6. Assignment Expressions (GNU C Language Manual)

    An assignment in C is an expression because it has a value; we call it an assignment expression. A simple assignment looks like lvalue= value-to-store We say it assigns the value of the expression value-to-storeto the location lvalue, or that it stores value-to-storethere. You can think of the "l" in "lvalue" as standing for

  7. C Class

    In C, every operator returns a value Simple Assignment: = assignment operators return the value being assigned a = 1 sets a to 1 (and returns 1) b = 1.23 sets b to 1.23 (and returns 1.23) c = a sets c to whatever is in a (and returns the value of a) Unary Plus and Minus: + and -

  8. Assignment operators

    Assignment operators modify the value of the object. Syntax Over load able Prototype examples (for replaces the contents of the object is not modified). For class types, this is performed in a special member function, described in For non-class types, copy and move assignment are indistinguishable and are referred to as

  9. Assignment Operators in C

    The following table lists the assignment operators supported by the C language − Example Try the following example to understand all the assignment operators available in C − Live Demo

  10. c++

    What is the return type of the built-in assignment operator? Ask Question Asked 10 years, 11 months ago Modified 4 months ago Viewed 52k times 41 I am just starting C++. I am a bit confused about the return type of assignment and dereference operator. I am following the book C++ Primer.

  11. Assignment Operators in C with Examples

    Assignment operators are used to assign value to a variable. The left side of an assignment operator is a variable and on the right side, there is a value, variable, or an expression. It computes the outcome of the right side and assign the output to the variable present on the left side. C supports following Assignment operators: 1.

  12. 21.12

    First, run the program as it is. You'll see that the program prints "Alex" as it should. Now run the following program: int main() { MyString alex { "Alex", 5 }; alex = alex; std :: cout << alex; return 0; } You'll probably get garbage output. What happened?

  13. Copy assignment operator

    A copy assignment operator is a non-template non-static member function with the name that can be called with an argument of the same class type and copies the content of the argument without mutating the argument. Implicitly-declared copy assignment operator. Implicitly-defined copy assignment operator. Deleted copy assignment operator.

  14. Operators in C

    Output ++a = 11 --b = 99 ++c = 11.500000 --d = 99.500000 Here, the operators ++ and -- are used as prefixes. These two operators can also be used as postfixes like a++ and a--. Visit this page to learn more about how increment and decrement operators work when used as postfix. C Assignment Operators

  15. Assignment Operators In C++

    There are 10 compound assignment operators in C++: Addition Assignment Operator ( += ) Subtraction Assignment Operator ( -= ) Multiplication Assignment Operator ( *= ) Division Assignment Operator ( /= ) Modulus Assignment Operator ( %= ) Bitwise AND Assignment Operator ( &= ) Bitwise OR Assignment Operator ( |= )

  16. c++

    So, with my logic, in the line of the salary initialization, salary is initialized with the value of wage, then the "=" operator returns either salary or wage (let's say salary), then it assign 9999.99 to salary, but wage is gone, it should keep its value of 5.

  17. operator overloading

    Although the canonical implementations of the prefix increment and decrement operators return by reference, as with any operator overload, the return type is user-defined; for example the overloads of these operators for std::atomic return by value. [] Binary arithmetic operatorBinary operators are typically implemented as non-members to maintain symmetry (for example, when adding a complex ...

  18. Why do assignment statements return a value?

    4,591 7 37 53 49 For reference, this behavior is defined in the C# spec: "The result of a simple assignment expression is the value assigned to the left operand. The result has the same type as the left operand and is always classified as a value." - Michael Petrotta Sep 27, 2010 at 19:41 1 @Skurmedel I am not the downvoter, I agree with you.

  19. Assignment operator (C++)

    Return value of overloaded assignment operator The language permits an overloaded assignment operator to have an arbitrary return type (including void ). However, the operator is usually defined to return a reference to the assignee.

  20. Return value of assignment operator overloading c++

    The operator returns the object to preserve the behavior of the assignment operator, which returns the value of the left side after the assignment is complete." This allows chained assignment (as pointed in answer below). - msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/7ac5szsk.aspx - SChepurin Nov 24, 2017 at 15:33

  21. Move assignment operator

    A move assignment operator is a non-template non-static member function with the name that can be called with an argument of the same class type and copies the content of the argument, possibly mutating the argument. Implicitly-declared move assignment operator Implicitly-defined move assignment operator Deleted move assignment operator